Annotation of gforth/primitives, revision 1.58

1.46      anton       1: \ Gforth primitives
                      2: 
1.51      anton       3: \ Copyright (C) 1995,1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1.46      anton       4: 
                      5: \ This file is part of Gforth.
                      6: 
                      7: \ Gforth is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
                      8: \ modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
                      9: \ as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
                     10: \ of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
                     11: 
                     12: \ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
                     13: \ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
                     14: \ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
                     15: \ GNU General Public License for more details.
                     16: 
                     17: \ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
                     18: \ along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
                     19: \ Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
                     20: 
                     21: 
1.6       anton      22: \ WARNING: This file is processed by m4. Make sure your identifiers
                     23: \ don't collide with m4's (e.g. by undefining them).
                     24: \ 
1.23      pazsan     25: \ 
                     26: \ 
1.48      anton      27: \ This file contains primitive specifications in the following format:
1.6       anton      28: \ 
1.23      pazsan     29: \ forth name   stack effect    category        [pronunciation]
1.6       anton      30: \ [""glossary entry""]
                     31: \ C code
                     32: \ [:
                     33: \ Forth code]
                     34: \ 
1.48      anton      35: \ prims2x is pedantic about tabs vs. blanks. The fields of the first
                     36: \ line of a primitive are separated by tabs, the stack items in a
                     37: \ stack effect by blanks.
                     38: \
                     39: \ Both pronounciation and stack items (in the stack effect) must
                     40: \ conform to the C name syntax or the C compiler will complain.
1.23      pazsan     41: \ 
                     42: \ 
1.48      anton      43: \ These specifications are automatically translated into C-code for the
1.23      pazsan     44: \ interpreter and into some other files. I hope that your C compiler has
1.6       anton      45: \ decent optimization, otherwise the automatically generated code will
                     46: \ be somewhat slow. The Forth version of the code is included for manual
                     47: \ compilers, so they will need to compile only the important words.
                     48: \ 
                     49: \ Note that stack pointer adjustment is performed according to stack
                     50: \ effect by automatically generated code and NEXT is automatically
                     51: \ appended to the C code. Also, you can use the names in the stack
                     52: \ effect in the C code. Stack access is automatic. One exception: if
                     53: \ your code does not fall through, the results are not stored into the
                     54: \ stack. Use different names on both sides of the '--', if you change a
                     55: \ value (some stores to the stack are optimized away).
                     56: \ 
1.23      pazsan     57: \ 
                     58: \ 
1.6       anton      59: \ The stack variables have the following types:
1.23      pazsan     60: \ 
1.6       anton      61: \ name matches type
                     62: \ f.*          Bool
                     63: \ c.*          Char
                     64: \ [nw].*               Cell
                     65: \ u.*          UCell
                     66: \ d.*          DCell
                     67: \ ud.*         UDCell
                     68: \ r.*          Float
                     69: \ a_.*         Cell *
                     70: \ c_.*         Char *
                     71: \ f_.*         Float *
                     72: \ df_.*                DFloat *
                     73: \ sf_.*                SFloat *
                     74: \ xt.*         XT
                     75: \ wid.*                WID
                     76: \ f83name.*    F83Name *
                     77: \ 
1.23      pazsan     78: \ 
                     79: \ 
1.6       anton      80: \ In addition the following names can be used:
                     81: \ ip   the instruction pointer
                     82: \ sp   the data stack pointer
                     83: \ rp   the parameter stack pointer
1.23      pazsan     84: \ lp   the locals stack pointer
1.6       anton      85: \ NEXT executes NEXT
                     86: \ cfa  
                     87: \ NEXT1        executes NEXT1
                     88: \ FLAG(x)      makes a Forth flag from a C flag
                     89: \ 
1.23      pazsan     90: \ 
                     91: \ 
1.6       anton      92: \ Percentages in comments are from Koopmans book: average/maximum use
1.23      pazsan     93: \ (taken from four, not very representative benchmarks)
                     94: \ 
1.6       anton      95: \ 
1.23      pazsan     96: \ 
1.6       anton      97: \ To do:
                     98: \ 
                     99: \ throw execute, cfa and NEXT1 out?
                    100: \ macroize *ip, ip++, *ip++ (pipelining)?
1.1       anton     101: 
1.6       anton     102: \ these m4 macros would collide with identifiers
1.1       anton     103: undefine(`index')
                    104: undefine(`shift')
                    105: 
1.43      anton     106: noop   --              gforth
1.1       anton     107: ;
1.18      pazsan    108: :
                    109:  ;
1.1       anton     110: 
1.43      anton     111: lit    -- w            gforth
1.35      anton     112: w = (Cell)NEXT_INST;
                    113: INC_IP(1);
1.1       anton     114: 
1.42      anton     115: execute                xt --           core
1.35      anton     116: ip=IP;
1.1       anton     117: IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
1.44      pazsan    118: EXEC(xt);
1.1       anton     119: 
1.54      anton     120: perform                a_addr --       gforth
                    121: ""equivalent to @code{@ execute}""
                    122: /* and pfe */
                    123: ip=IP;
                    124: IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    125: EXEC(*(Xt *)a_addr);
                    126: :
                    127:  @ execute ;
                    128: 
1.43      anton     129: branch-lp+!#   --      gforth  branch_lp_plus_store_number
1.9       anton     130: /* this will probably not be used */
                    131: branch_adjust_lp:
1.35      anton     132: lp += (Cell)(IP[1]);
1.9       anton     133: goto branch;
                    134: 
1.43      anton     135: branch --              gforth
1.1       anton     136: branch:
1.35      anton     137: ip = (Xt *)(((Cell)IP)+(Cell)NEXT_INST);
                    138: NEXT_P0;
1.18      pazsan    139: :
                    140:  r> dup @ + >r ;
1.1       anton     141: 
1.9       anton     142: \ condbranch(forthname,restline,code)
1.35      anton     143: \ this is non-syntactical: code must open a brace that is closed by the macro
1.9       anton     144: define(condbranch,
                    145: $1     $2
1.35      anton     146: $3     ip = (Xt *)(((Cell)IP)+(Cell)NEXT_INST);
                    147:         NEXT_P0;
                    148:        NEXT;
1.9       anton     149: }
                    150: else
1.35      anton     151:     INC_IP(1);
1.9       anton     152: 
                    153: $1-lp+!#       $2_lp_plus_store_number
                    154: $3    goto branch_adjust_lp;
                    155: }
                    156: else
1.35      anton     157:     INC_IP(2);
1.9       anton     158: 
                    159: )
                    160: 
                    161: condbranch(?branch,f --                f83     question_branch,
1.1       anton     162: if (f==0) {
                    163:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
1.9       anton     164: )
1.1       anton     165: 
1.51      anton     166: \ we don't need an lp_plus_store version of the ?dup-stuff, because it
                    167: \ is only used in if's (yet)
                    168: 
                    169: ?dup-?branch   f -- f  new     question_dupe_question_branch
                    170: ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-IF}.""
                    171: if (f==0) {
                    172:   sp++;
                    173:   IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    174:   ip = (Xt *)(((Cell)IP)+(Cell)NEXT_INST);
                    175:   NEXT_P0;
                    176:   NEXT;
                    177: }
                    178: else
                    179:   INC_IP(1);
                    180: 
                    181: ?dup-0=-?branch        f --    new     question_dupe_zero_equals_question_branch
                    182: ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-0=-IF}.""
                    183: /* the approach taken here of declaring the word as having the stack
                    184: effect ( f -- ) and correcting for it in the branch-taken case costs a
                    185: few cycles in that case, but is easy to convert to a CONDBRANCH
                    186: invocation */
                    187: if (f!=0) {
                    188:   sp--;
                    189:   ip = (Xt *)(((Cell)IP)+(Cell)NEXT_INST);
                    190:   NEXT_P0;
                    191:   NEXT;
                    192: }
                    193: else
                    194:   INC_IP(1);
                    195: 
1.9       anton     196: condbranch((next),--           cmFORTH paren_next,
1.1       anton     197: if ((*rp)--) {
1.9       anton     198: )
1.1       anton     199: 
1.43      anton     200: condbranch((loop),--           gforth  paren_loop,
1.31      pazsan    201: Cell index = *rp+1;
                    202: Cell limit = rp[1];
1.1       anton     203: if (index != limit) {
                    204:     *rp = index;
1.9       anton     205: )
1.1       anton     206: 
1.42      anton     207: condbranch((+loop),n --                gforth  paren_plus_loop,
1.1       anton     208: /* !! check this thoroughly */
1.31      pazsan    209: Cell index = *rp;
1.1       anton     210: /* sign bit manipulation and test: (x^y)<0 is equivalent to (x<0) != (y<0) */
                    211: /* dependent upon two's complement arithmetic */
1.31      pazsan    212: Cell olddiff = index-rp[1];
1.33      pazsan    213: #ifndef undefined
1.9       anton     214: if ((olddiff^(olddiff+n))>=0   /* the limit is not crossed */
                    215:     || (olddiff^n)>=0          /* it is a wrap-around effect */) {
1.15      pazsan    216: #else
                    217: #ifndef MAXINT
1.30      pazsan    218: #define MAXINT ((((Cell)1)<<(8*sizeof(Cell)-1))-1)
1.15      pazsan    219: #endif
1.18      pazsan    220: if(((olddiff^MAXINT) >= n) ^ ((olddiff+n) < 0)) {
1.15      pazsan    221: #endif
                    222: #ifdef i386
                    223:     *rp += n;
                    224: #else
                    225:     *rp = index + n;
                    226: #endif
1.1       anton     227:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
1.9       anton     228: )
1.1       anton     229: 
1.42      anton     230: condbranch((-loop),u --                gforth  paren_minus_loop,
1.41      anton     231: /* !! check this thoroughly */
                    232: Cell index = *rp;
                    233: UCell olddiff = index-rp[1];
                    234: if (olddiff>u) {
1.44      pazsan    235: #ifdef i386
                    236:     *rp -= u;
                    237: #else
1.41      anton     238:     *rp = index - u;
1.44      pazsan    239: #endif
1.41      anton     240:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    241: )
                    242: 
1.42      anton     243: condbranch((s+loop),n --               gforth  paren_symmetric_plus_loop,
1.1       anton     244: ""The run-time procedure compiled by S+LOOP. It loops until the index
                    245: crosses the boundary between limit and limit-sign(n). I.e. a symmetric
                    246: version of (+LOOP).""
                    247: /* !! check this thoroughly */
1.31      pazsan    248: Cell index = *rp;
                    249: Cell diff = index-rp[1];
                    250: Cell newdiff = diff+n;
1.1       anton     251: if (n<0) {
                    252:     diff = -diff;
1.15      pazsan    253:     newdiff = -newdiff;
1.1       anton     254: }
                    255: if (diff>=0 || newdiff<0) {
1.15      pazsan    256: #ifdef i386
                    257:     *rp += n;
                    258: #else
                    259:     *rp = index + n;
                    260: #endif
1.1       anton     261:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
1.9       anton     262: )
1.1       anton     263: 
                    264: unloop         --      core
                    265: rp += 2;
1.18      pazsan    266: :
                    267:  r> rdrop rdrop >r ;
1.1       anton     268: 
                    269: (for)  ncount --               cmFORTH         paren_for
                    270: /* or (for) = >r -- collides with unloop! */
                    271: *--rp = 0;
                    272: *--rp = ncount;
1.18      pazsan    273: :
                    274:  r> swap 0 >r >r >r ;
1.1       anton     275: 
1.43      anton     276: (do)   nlimit nstart --                gforth          paren_do
1.1       anton     277: /* or do it in high-level? 0.09/0.23% */
                    278: *--rp = nlimit;
                    279: *--rp = nstart;
                    280: :
1.13      pazsan    281:  r> -rot swap >r >r >r ;
1.1       anton     282: 
1.43      anton     283: (?do)  nlimit nstart --        gforth  paren_question_do
1.1       anton     284: *--rp = nlimit;
                    285: *--rp = nstart;
                    286: if (nstart == nlimit) {
                    287:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    288:     goto branch;
                    289:     }
                    290: else {
1.35      anton     291:     INC_IP(1);
1.1       anton     292: }
                    293: 
1.43      anton     294: (+do)  nlimit nstart --        gforth  paren_plus_do
1.41      anton     295: *--rp = nlimit;
                    296: *--rp = nstart;
                    297: if (nstart >= nlimit) {
                    298:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    299:     goto branch;
                    300:     }
                    301: else {
                    302:     INC_IP(1);
                    303: }
                    304: 
1.43      anton     305: (u+do) ulimit ustart --        gforth  paren_u_plus_do
1.41      anton     306: *--rp = ulimit;
                    307: *--rp = ustart;
                    308: if (ustart >= ulimit) {
                    309:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    310:     goto branch;
                    311:     }
                    312: else {
                    313:     INC_IP(1);
                    314: }
                    315: 
1.43      anton     316: (-do)  nlimit nstart --        gforth  paren_minus_do
1.41      anton     317: *--rp = nlimit;
                    318: *--rp = nstart;
                    319: if (nstart <= nlimit) {
                    320:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    321:     goto branch;
                    322:     }
                    323: else {
                    324:     INC_IP(1);
                    325: }
                    326: 
1.43      anton     327: (u-do) ulimit ustart --        gforth  paren_u_minus_do
1.41      anton     328: *--rp = ulimit;
                    329: *--rp = ustart;
                    330: if (ustart <= ulimit) {
                    331:     IF_TOS(TOS = sp[0]);
                    332:     goto branch;
                    333:     }
                    334: else {
                    335:     INC_IP(1);
                    336: }
                    337: 
1.42      anton     338: i      -- n            core
1.1       anton     339: n = *rp;
                    340: 
                    341: j      -- n            core
                    342: n = rp[2];
                    343: 
1.6       anton     344: \ digit is high-level: 0/0%
1.1       anton     345: 
1.43      anton     346: (key)  -- n            gforth  paren_key
1.1       anton     347: fflush(stdout);
                    348: /* !! noecho */
                    349: n = key();
                    350: 
1.42      anton     351: key?   -- n            facility        key_q
1.2       pazsan    352: fflush(stdout);
                    353: n = key_query;
                    354: 
1.50      anton     355: form   -- urows ucols  gforth
                    356: ""The number of lines and columns in the terminal. These numbers may change
                    357: with the window size.""
                    358: /* we could block SIGWINCH here to get a consistent size, but I don't
                    359:  think this is necessary or always beneficial */
                    360: urows=rows;
                    361: ucols=cols;
                    362: 
1.1       anton     363: move   c_from c_to ucount --           core
                    364: memmove(c_to,c_from,ucount);
1.6       anton     365: /* make an Ifdef for bsd and others? */
1.18      pazsan    366: :
                    367:  >r 2dup u< IF r> cmove> ELSE r> cmove THEN ;
1.1       anton     368: 
                    369: cmove  c_from c_to u --        string
                    370: while (u-- > 0)
                    371:   *c_to++ = *c_from++;
1.18      pazsan    372: :
                    373:  bounds ?DO  dup c@ I c! 1+  LOOP  drop ;
1.1       anton     374: 
                    375: cmove> c_from c_to u --        string  c_move_up
                    376: while (u-- > 0)
                    377:   c_to[u] = c_from[u];
1.18      pazsan    378: :
                    379:  dup 0= IF  drop 2drop exit  THEN
                    380:  rot over + -rot bounds swap 1-
                    381:  DO  1- dup c@ I c!  -1 +LOOP  drop ;
1.1       anton     382: 
                    383: fill   c_addr u c --   core
                    384: memset(c_addr,c,u);
1.18      pazsan    385: :
                    386:  -rot bounds
                    387:  ?DO  dup I c!  LOOP  drop ;
1.1       anton     388: 
                    389: compare                c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- n      string
1.26      anton     390: ""Compare the strings lexicographically. If they are equal, n is 0; if
                    391: the first string is smaller, n is -1; if the first string is larger, n
                    392: is 1. Currently this is based on the machine's character
                    393: comparison. In the future, this may change to considering the current
                    394: locale and its collation order.""
1.1       anton     395: n = memcmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u1<u2 ? u1 : u2);
                    396: if (n==0)
                    397:   n = u1-u2;
                    398: if (n<0)
                    399:   n = -1;
                    400: else if (n>0)
                    401:   n = 1;
1.18      pazsan    402: :
                    403:  rot 2dup - >r min swap -text dup
                    404:  IF    rdrop
                    405:  ELSE  drop r@ 0>
                    406:        IF    rdrop -1
                    407:        ELSE  r> 1 and
                    408:        THEN
                    409:  THEN ;
1.1       anton     410: 
                    411: -text          c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n  new     dash_text
                    412: n = memcmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u);
                    413: if (n<0)
                    414:   n = -1;
                    415: else if (n>0)
                    416:   n = 1;
1.18      pazsan    417: :
                    418:  swap bounds
                    419:  ?DO  dup c@ I c@ = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
                    420:  ELSE  c@ I c@ - unloop  THEN  -text-flag ;
                    421: : -text-flag ( n -- -1/0/1 )
                    422:  dup 0< IF  drop -1  ELSE  0>  IF  1  ELSE  0  THEN  THEN  ;
1.1       anton     423: 
                    424: capscomp       c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n  new
1.56      anton     425: n = memcasecmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u); /* !! use something that works in all locales */
                    426: if (n<0)
                    427:   n = -1;
                    428: else if (n>0)
                    429:   n = 1;
1.18      pazsan    430: :
                    431:  swap bounds
                    432:  ?DO  dup c@ toupper I c@ toupper = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
                    433:  ELSE  c@ toupper I c@ toupper - unloop  THEN  -text-flag ;
1.1       anton     434: 
                    435: -trailing      c_addr u1 -- c_addr u2          string  dash_trailing
                    436: u2 = u1;
                    437: while (c_addr[u2-1] == ' ')
                    438:   u2--;
1.18      pazsan    439: :
                    440:  BEGIN  1- 2dup + c@ bl =  WHILE
                    441:         dup  0= UNTIL  ELSE  1+  THEN ;
1.1       anton     442: 
                    443: /string                c_addr1 u1 n -- c_addr2 u2      string  slash_string
                    444: c_addr2 = c_addr1+n;
                    445: u2 = u1-n;
1.18      pazsan    446: :
                    447:  tuck - >r + r> dup 0< IF  - 0  THEN ;
1.1       anton     448: 
1.42      anton     449: +      n1 n2 -- n              core    plus
1.1       anton     450: n = n1+n2;
1.54      anton     451: 
                    452: \ PFE has it differently, so let's better not define it
                    453: \ under+       n1 n2 n3 -- n n2        gforth  under_plus
                    454: \ ""add @var{n3} to @var{n1} (giving @var{n})""
                    455: \ /* and pfe */
                    456: \ n = n1+n3;
                    457: \ :
                    458: \  rot + swap ;
1.1       anton     459: 
1.42      anton     460: -      n1 n2 -- n              core    minus
1.1       anton     461: n = n1-n2;
1.18      pazsan    462: :
                    463:  negate + ;
1.1       anton     464: 
1.42      anton     465: negate n1 -- n2                core
1.1       anton     466: /* use minus as alias */
                    467: n2 = -n1;
1.18      pazsan    468: :
                    469:  invert 1+ ;
1.1       anton     470: 
                    471: 1+     n1 -- n2                core            one_plus
                    472: n2 = n1+1;
1.18      pazsan    473: :
                    474:  1 + ;
1.1       anton     475: 
                    476: 1-     n1 -- n2                core            one_minus
                    477: n2 = n1-1;
1.18      pazsan    478: :
                    479:  1 - ;
1.1       anton     480: 
                    481: max    n1 n2 -- n      core
                    482: if (n1<n2)
                    483:   n = n2;
                    484: else
                    485:   n = n1;
                    486: :
1.18      pazsan    487:  2dup < IF swap THEN drop ;
1.1       anton     488: 
                    489: min    n1 n2 -- n      core
                    490: if (n1<n2)
                    491:   n = n1;
                    492: else
                    493:   n = n2;
1.18      pazsan    494: :
                    495:  2dup > IF swap THEN drop ;
1.1       anton     496: 
                    497: abs    n1 -- n2        core
                    498: if (n1<0)
                    499:   n2 = -n1;
                    500: else
                    501:   n2 = n1;
1.18      pazsan    502: :
                    503:  dup 0< IF negate THEN ;
1.1       anton     504: 
1.42      anton     505: *      n1 n2 -- n              core    star
1.1       anton     506: n = n1*n2;
1.18      pazsan    507: :
                    508:  um* drop ;
1.1       anton     509: 
1.42      anton     510: /      n1 n2 -- n              core    slash
1.1       anton     511: n = n1/n2;
1.18      pazsan    512: :
                    513:  /mod nip ;
1.1       anton     514: 
                    515: mod    n1 n2 -- n              core
                    516: n = n1%n2;
1.18      pazsan    517: :
                    518:  /mod drop ;
1.1       anton     519: 
                    520: /mod   n1 n2 -- n3 n4          core            slash_mod
                    521: n4 = n1/n2;
                    522: n3 = n1%n2; /* !! is this correct? look into C standard! */
1.18      pazsan    523: :
                    524:  >r s>d r> fm/mod ;
1.1       anton     525: 
                    526: 2*     n1 -- n2                core            two_star
                    527: n2 = 2*n1;
1.18      pazsan    528: :
                    529:  dup + ;
1.1       anton     530: 
                    531: 2/     n1 -- n2                core            two_slash
                    532: /* !! is this still correct? */
                    533: n2 = n1>>1;
                    534: 
                    535: fm/mod d1 n1 -- n2 n3          core            f_m_slash_mod
                    536: ""floored division: d1 = n3*n1+n2, n1>n2>=0 or 0>=n2>n1""
1.52      anton     537: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    538: DCell r = fmdiv(d1,n1);
                    539: n2=r.hi;
                    540: n3=r.lo;
                    541: #else
1.1       anton     542: /* assumes that the processor uses either floored or symmetric division */
                    543: n3 = d1/n1;
                    544: n2 = d1%n1;
                    545: /* note that this 1%-3>0 is optimized by the compiler */
                    546: if (1%-3>0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) {
                    547:   n3--;
                    548:   n2+=n1;
                    549: }
1.52      anton     550: #endif
1.53      pazsan    551: :
                    552:  dup >r dup 0< IF  negate >r dnegate r>  THEN
                    553:  over       0< IF  tuck + swap  THEN
                    554:  um/mod
                    555:  r> 0< IF  swap negate swap  THEN ;
1.1       anton     556: 
                    557: sm/rem d1 n1 -- n2 n3          core            s_m_slash_rem
                    558: ""symmetric division: d1 = n3*n1+n2, sign(n2)=sign(d1) or 0""
1.52      anton     559: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    560: DCell r = smdiv(d1,n1);
                    561: n2=r.hi;
                    562: n3=r.lo;
                    563: #else
1.1       anton     564: /* assumes that the processor uses either floored or symmetric division */
                    565: n3 = d1/n1;
                    566: n2 = d1%n1;
                    567: /* note that this 1%-3<0 is optimized by the compiler */
                    568: if (1%-3<0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) {
                    569:   n3++;
                    570:   n2-=n1;
                    571: }
1.52      anton     572: #endif
1.18      pazsan    573: :
                    574:  over >r dup >r abs -rot
                    575:  dabs rot um/mod
1.53      pazsan    576:  r> r@ xor 0< IF       negate       THEN
                    577:  r>        0< IF  swap negate swap  THEN ;
1.1       anton     578: 
                    579: m*     n1 n2 -- d              core    m_star
1.52      anton     580: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    581: d = mmul(n1,n2);
                    582: #else
1.1       anton     583: d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2;
1.52      anton     584: #endif
1.18      pazsan    585: :
                    586:  2dup      0< and >r
                    587:  2dup swap 0< and >r
                    588:  um* r> - r> - ;
1.1       anton     589: 
                    590: um*    u1 u2 -- ud             core    u_m_star
                    591: /* use u* as alias */
1.52      anton     592: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    593: ud = ummul(u1,u2);
                    594: #else
1.1       anton     595: ud = (UDCell)u1 * (UDCell)u2;
1.52      anton     596: #endif
1.1       anton     597: 
                    598: um/mod ud u1 -- u2 u3          core    u_m_slash_mod
1.52      anton     599: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    600: UDCell r = umdiv(ud,u1);
                    601: u2=r.hi;
                    602: u3=r.lo;
                    603: #else
1.1       anton     604: u3 = ud/u1;
                    605: u2 = ud%u1;
1.52      anton     606: #endif
1.19      pazsan    607: :
                    608:   dup IF  0 (um/mod)  THEN  nip ; 
1.53      pazsan    609: : (um/mod)  ( ud ud -- ud u )
1.19      pazsan    610:   2dup >r >r  dup 0< 
                    611:   IF    2drop 0 
                    612:   ELSE  2dup d+  (um/mod)  2*  THEN 
                    613:   -rot  r> r> 2over 2over  du<
                    614:   IF    2drop rot 
                    615:   ELSE  dnegate  d+  rot 1+  THEN ; 
1.1       anton     616: 
                    617: m+     d1 n -- d2              double          m_plus
1.51      anton     618: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
1.52      anton     619: d2.lo = d1.lo+n;
                    620: d2.hi = d1.hi - (n<0) + (d2.lo<d1.lo);
1.51      anton     621: #else
1.1       anton     622: d2 = d1+n;
1.51      anton     623: #endif
1.18      pazsan    624: :
                    625:  s>d d+ ;
1.1       anton     626: 
1.42      anton     627: d+     d1 d2 -- d              double  d_plus
1.51      anton     628: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
1.52      anton     629: d.lo = d1.lo+d2.lo;
                    630: d.hi = d1.hi + d2.hi + (d.lo<d1.lo);
1.51      anton     631: #else
1.1       anton     632: d = d1+d2;
1.51      anton     633: #endif
1.18      pazsan    634: :
1.53      pazsan    635:  rot + >r tuck + swap over u> r> swap - ;
1.1       anton     636: 
                    637: d-     d1 d2 -- d              double          d_minus
1.51      anton     638: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
1.52      anton     639: d.lo = d1.lo - d2.lo;
                    640: d.hi = d1.hi-d2.hi-(d1.lo<d2.lo);
1.51      anton     641: #else
1.1       anton     642: d = d1-d2;
1.51      anton     643: #endif
1.18      pazsan    644: :
                    645:  dnegate d+ ;
1.1       anton     646: 
                    647: dnegate        d1 -- d2                double
                    648: /* use dminus as alias */
1.51      anton     649: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
1.52      anton     650: d2 = dnegate(d1);
1.51      anton     651: #else
1.1       anton     652: d2 = -d1;
1.51      anton     653: #endif
1.18      pazsan    654: :
                    655:  invert swap negate tuck 0= - ;
1.1       anton     656: 
                    657: d2*    d1 -- d2                double          d_two_star
1.51      anton     658: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
1.52      anton     659: d2.lo = d1.lo<<1;
                    660: d2.hi = (d1.hi<<1) | (d1.lo>>(CELL_BITS-1));
1.51      anton     661: #else
1.1       anton     662: d2 = 2*d1;
1.51      anton     663: #endif
1.18      pazsan    664: :
                    665:  2dup d+ ;
1.1       anton     666: 
                    667: d2/    d1 -- d2                double          d_two_slash
1.51      anton     668: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
1.52      anton     669: d2.hi = d1.hi>>1;
                    670: d2.lo= (d1.lo>>1) | (d1.hi<<(CELL_BITS-1));
1.51      anton     671: #else
1.13      pazsan    672: d2 = d1>>1;
1.51      anton     673: #endif
1.18      pazsan    674: :
                    675:  dup 1 and >r 2/ swap 2/ [ 1 8 cells 1- lshift 1- ] Literal and
                    676:  r> IF  [ 1 8 cells 1- lshift ] Literal + THEN  swap ;
1.1       anton     677: 
1.42      anton     678: and    w1 w2 -- w              core
1.1       anton     679: w = w1&w2;
                    680: 
1.42      anton     681: or     w1 w2 -- w              core
1.1       anton     682: w = w1|w2;
                    683: 
1.42      anton     684: xor    w1 w2 -- w              core
1.1       anton     685: w = w1^w2;
                    686: 
                    687: invert w1 -- w2                core
                    688: w2 = ~w1;
1.18      pazsan    689: :
                    690:  -1 xor ;
1.1       anton     691: 
                    692: rshift u1 n -- u2              core
                    693:   u2 = u1>>n;
                    694: 
                    695: lshift u1 n -- u2              core
                    696:   u2 = u1<<n;
                    697: 
1.6       anton     698: \ comparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)
1.1       anton     699: define(comparisons,
                    700: $1=    $2 -- f         $6      $3equals
                    701: f = FLAG($4==$5);
                    702: 
                    703: $1<>   $2 -- f         $7      $3different
                    704: f = FLAG($4!=$5);
                    705: 
                    706: $1<    $2 -- f         $8      $3less
                    707: f = FLAG($4<$5);
                    708: 
                    709: $1>    $2 -- f         $9      $3greater
                    710: f = FLAG($4>$5);
                    711: 
1.43      anton     712: $1<=   $2 -- f         gforth  $3less_or_equal
1.1       anton     713: f = FLAG($4<=$5);
                    714: 
1.43      anton     715: $1>=   $2 -- f         gforth  $3greater_or_equal
1.1       anton     716: f = FLAG($4>=$5);
                    717: 
                    718: )
                    719: 
                    720: comparisons(0, n, zero_, n, 0, core, core-ext, core, core-ext)
                    721: comparisons(, n1 n2, , n1, n2, core, core-ext, core, core)
1.43      anton     722: comparisons(u, u1 u2, u_, u1, u2, gforth, gforth, core, core-ext)
1.52      anton     723: 
                    724: \ dcomparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)
                    725: define(dcomparisons,
                    726: $1=    $2 -- f         $6      $3equals
                    727: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    728: f = FLAG($4.lo==$5.lo && $4.hi==$5.hi);
                    729: #else
                    730: f = FLAG($4==$5);
                    731: #endif
                    732: 
                    733: $1<>   $2 -- f         $7      $3different
                    734: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    735: f = FLAG($4.lo!=$5.lo || $4.hi!=$5.hi);
                    736: #else
                    737: f = FLAG($4!=$5);
                    738: #endif
                    739: 
                    740: $1<    $2 -- f         $8      $3less
                    741: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    742: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<$5.lo : $4.hi<$5.hi);
                    743: #else
                    744: f = FLAG($4<$5);
                    745: #endif
                    746: 
                    747: $1>    $2 -- f         $9      $3greater
                    748: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    749: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>$5.lo : $4.hi>$5.hi);
                    750: #else
                    751: f = FLAG($4>$5);
                    752: #endif
                    753: 
                    754: $1<=   $2 -- f         gforth  $3less_or_equal
                    755: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    756: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<=$5.lo : $4.hi<=$5.hi);
                    757: #else
                    758: f = FLAG($4<=$5);
                    759: #endif
                    760: 
                    761: $1>=   $2 -- f         gforth  $3greater_or_equal
                    762: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    763: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>=$5.lo : $4.hi>=$5.hi);
                    764: #else
                    765: f = FLAG($4>=$5);
                    766: #endif
                    767: 
                    768: )
                    769: 
                    770: dcomparisons(d, d1 d2, d_, d1, d2, double, gforth, double, gforth)
                    771: dcomparisons(d0, d, d_zero_, d, DZERO, double, gforth, double, gforth)
                    772: dcomparisons(du, ud1 ud2, d_u_, ud1, ud2, gforth, gforth, double-ext, gforth)
1.1       anton     773: 
                    774: within u1 u2 u3 -- f           core-ext
                    775: f = FLAG(u1-u2 < u3-u2);
1.18      pazsan    776: :
                    777:  over - >r - r> u< ;
1.1       anton     778: 
1.43      anton     779: sp@    -- a_addr               gforth          spat
1.15      pazsan    780: a_addr = sp+1;
1.1       anton     781: 
1.43      anton     782: sp!    a_addr --               gforth          spstore
1.15      pazsan    783: sp = a_addr;
1.1       anton     784: /* works with and without TOS caching */
                    785: 
1.43      anton     786: rp@    -- a_addr               gforth          rpat
1.1       anton     787: a_addr = rp;
                    788: 
1.43      anton     789: rp!    a_addr --               gforth          rpstore
1.1       anton     790: rp = a_addr;
                    791: 
1.43      anton     792: fp@    -- f_addr       gforth  fp_fetch
1.1       anton     793: f_addr = fp;
                    794: 
1.43      anton     795: fp!    f_addr --       gforth  fp_store
1.1       anton     796: fp = f_addr;
                    797: 
1.43      anton     798: ;s     --              gforth  semis
1.1       anton     799: ip = (Xt *)(*rp++);
1.35      anton     800: NEXT_P0;
1.1       anton     801: 
1.42      anton     802: >r     w --            core    to_r
1.1       anton     803: *--rp = w;
                    804: 
1.42      anton     805: r>     -- w            core    r_from
1.1       anton     806: w = *rp++;
                    807: 
1.42      anton     808: r@     -- w            core    r_fetch
1.1       anton     809: /* use r as alias */
                    810: /* make r@ an alias for i */
                    811: w = *rp;
                    812: 
1.42      anton     813: rdrop  --              gforth
1.1       anton     814: rp++;
                    815: 
1.42      anton     816: i'     -- w            gforth          i_tick
1.1       anton     817: w=rp[1];
                    818: 
1.14      anton     819: 2>r    w1 w2 --        core-ext        two_to_r
                    820: *--rp = w1;
                    821: *--rp = w2;
                    822: 
                    823: 2r>    -- w1 w2        core-ext        two_r_from
                    824: w2 = *rp++;
                    825: w1 = *rp++;
                    826: 
                    827: 2r@    -- w1 w2        core-ext        two_r_fetch
                    828: w2 = rp[0];
                    829: w1 = rp[1];
                    830: 
1.42      anton     831: 2rdrop --              gforth  two_r_drop
1.14      anton     832: rp+=2;
                    833: 
1.42      anton     834: over   w1 w2 -- w1 w2 w1               core
1.1       anton     835: 
1.42      anton     836: drop   w --            core
1.1       anton     837: 
1.42      anton     838: swap   w1 w2 -- w2 w1          core
1.1       anton     839: 
1.42      anton     840: dup    w -- w w                core
1.1       anton     841: 
                    842: rot    w1 w2 w3 -- w2 w3 w1    core    rote
                    843: 
1.42      anton     844: -rot   w1 w2 w3 -- w3 w1 w2    gforth  not_rote
1.18      pazsan    845: :
                    846:  rot rot ;
1.1       anton     847: 
                    848: nip    w1 w2 -- w2             core-ext
1.18      pazsan    849: :
                    850:  swap drop ;
1.1       anton     851: 
                    852: tuck   w1 w2 -- w2 w1 w2       core-ext
1.18      pazsan    853: :
                    854:  swap over ;
1.1       anton     855: 
                    856: ?dup   w -- w                  core    question_dupe
                    857: if (w!=0) {
1.7       pazsan    858:   IF_TOS(*sp-- = w;)
1.1       anton     859: #ifndef USE_TOS
1.7       pazsan    860:   *--sp = w;
1.1       anton     861: #endif
                    862: }
1.18      pazsan    863: :
                    864:  dup IF dup THEN ;
1.1       anton     865: 
                    866: pick   u -- w                  core-ext
                    867: w = sp[u+1];
1.18      pazsan    868: :
                    869:  1+ cells sp@ + @ ;
1.1       anton     870: 
                    871: 2drop  w1 w2 --                core    two_drop
1.18      pazsan    872: :
                    873:  drop drop ;
1.1       anton     874: 
                    875: 2dup   w1 w2 -- w1 w2 w1 w2    core    two_dupe
1.18      pazsan    876: :
                    877:  over over ;
1.1       anton     878: 
                    879: 2over  w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w1 w2 w3 w4 w1 w2        core    two_over
1.18      pazsan    880: :
                    881:  3 pick 3 pick ;
1.1       anton     882: 
                    883: 2swap  w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w3 w4 w1 w2      core    two_swap
1.18      pazsan    884: :
                    885:  >r -rot r> -rot ;
1.1       anton     886: 
1.43      anton     887: 2rot   w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 -- w3 w4 w5 w6 w1 w2  double-ext      two_rote
1.18      pazsan    888: :
                    889:  >r >r 2swap r> r> 2swap ;
1.1       anton     890: 
1.42      anton     891: 2nip   w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w3 w4    gforth  two_nip
                    892: :
                    893:  2swap 2drop ;
                    894: 
                    895: 2tuck  w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w3 w4 w1 w2 w3 w4        gforth  two_tuck
                    896: :
                    897:  2swap 2over ;
                    898: 
1.6       anton     899: \ toggle is high-level: 0.11/0.42%
1.1       anton     900: 
1.42      anton     901: @      a_addr -- w             core    fetch
1.1       anton     902: w = *a_addr;
                    903: 
1.42      anton     904: !      w a_addr --             core    store
1.1       anton     905: *a_addr = w;
                    906: 
1.42      anton     907: +!     n a_addr --             core    plus_store
1.1       anton     908: *a_addr += n;
                    909: 
1.42      anton     910: c@     c_addr -- c             core    cfetch
1.1       anton     911: c = *c_addr;
                    912: 
1.42      anton     913: c!     c c_addr --             core    cstore
1.1       anton     914: *c_addr = c;
                    915: 
                    916: 2!     w1 w2 a_addr --         core    two_store
                    917: a_addr[0] = w2;
                    918: a_addr[1] = w1;
1.18      pazsan    919: :
                    920:  tuck ! cell+ ! ;
1.1       anton     921: 
                    922: 2@     a_addr -- w1 w2         core    two_fetch
                    923: w2 = a_addr[0];
                    924: w1 = a_addr[1];
1.18      pazsan    925: :
                    926:  dup cell+ @ swap @ ;
1.1       anton     927: 
                    928: cell+  a_addr1 -- a_addr2      core    cell_plus
                    929: a_addr2 = a_addr1+1;
1.18      pazsan    930: :
                    931:  [ cell ] Literal + ;
1.1       anton     932: 
                    933: cells  n1 -- n2                core
                    934: n2 = n1 * sizeof(Cell);
1.18      pazsan    935: :
                    936:  [ cell ]
                    937:  [ 2/ dup ] [IF] 2* [THEN]
                    938:  [ 2/ dup ] [IF] 2* [THEN]
                    939:  [ 2/ dup ] [IF] 2* [THEN]
                    940:  [ 2/ dup ] [IF] 2* [THEN]
                    941:  [ drop ] ;
1.1       anton     942: 
                    943: char+  c_addr1 -- c_addr2      core    care_plus
1.18      pazsan    944: c_addr2 = c_addr1 + 1;
                    945: :
                    946:  1+ ;
1.1       anton     947: 
1.24      anton     948: (chars)                n1 -- n2        gforth  paren_cares
1.1       anton     949: n2 = n1 * sizeof(Char);
1.18      pazsan    950: :
                    951:  ;
1.1       anton     952: 
                    953: count  c_addr1 -- c_addr2 u    core
                    954: u = *c_addr1;
                    955: c_addr2 = c_addr1+1;
1.18      pazsan    956: :
                    957:  dup 1+ swap c@ ;
1.1       anton     958: 
1.42      anton     959: (bye)  n --    gforth  paren_bye
1.15      pazsan    960: return (Label *)n;
1.1       anton     961: 
1.56      anton     962: (system)       c_addr u -- wretval wior        gforth  peren_system
1.49      anton     963: int old_tp=terminal_prepped;
                    964: deprep_terminal();
1.56      anton     965: wretval=system(cstr(c_addr,u,1)); /* ~ expansion on first part of string? */
                    966: wior = IOR(wretval==-1 || (wretval==127 && errno != 0));
1.49      anton     967: if (old_tp)
                    968:   prep_terminal();
1.1       anton     969: 
1.42      anton     970: getenv c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2        gforth
1.17      anton     971: c_addr2 = getenv(cstr(c_addr1,u1,1));
1.40      pazsan    972: u2 = (c_addr2 == NULL ? 0 : strlen(c_addr2));
1.16      anton     973: 
1.50      anton     974: open-pipe      c_addr u ntype -- wfileid wior  gforth  open_pipe
                    975: wfileid=(Cell)popen(cstr(c_addr,u,1),fileattr[ntype]); /* ~ expansion of 1st arg? */
                    976: wior = IOR(wfileid==0); /* !! the man page says that errno is not set reliably */
1.1       anton     977: 
1.56      anton     978: close-pipe     wfileid -- wretval wior         gforth  close_pipe
                    979: wretval = pclose((FILE *)wfileid);
                    980: wior = IOR(wretval==-1);
1.2       pazsan    981: 
1.21      pazsan    982: time&date      -- nsec nmin nhour nday nmonth nyear    facility-ext    time_and_date
1.2       pazsan    983: struct timeval time1;
                    984: struct timezone zone1;
                    985: struct tm *ltime;
                    986: gettimeofday(&time1,&zone1);
1.40      pazsan    987: ltime=localtime((time_t *)&time1.tv_sec);
1.2       pazsan    988: nyear =ltime->tm_year+1900;
1.21      pazsan    989: nmonth=ltime->tm_mon+1;
1.2       pazsan    990: nday  =ltime->tm_mday;
                    991: nhour =ltime->tm_hour;
                    992: nmin  =ltime->tm_min;
                    993: nsec  =ltime->tm_sec;
                    994: 
1.16      anton     995: ms     n --    facility-ext
1.2       pazsan    996: struct timeval timeout;
                    997: timeout.tv_sec=n/1000;
                    998: timeout.tv_usec=1000*(n%1000);
                    999: (void)select(0,0,0,0,&timeout);
1.1       anton    1000: 
                   1001: allocate       u -- a_addr wior        memory
1.47      pazsan   1002: a_addr = (Cell *)malloc(u?u:1);
1.36      anton    1003: wior = IOR(a_addr==NULL);
1.1       anton    1004: 
                   1005: free           a_addr -- wior          memory
                   1006: free(a_addr);
                   1007: wior = 0;
                   1008: 
                   1009: resize         a_addr1 u -- a_addr2 wior       memory
1.36      anton    1010: ""Change the size of the allocated area at @i{a_addr1} to @i{u}
                   1011: address units, possibly moving the contents to a different
                   1012: area. @i{a_addr2} is the address of the resulting area. If
1.58    ! anton    1013: @code{a_addr1} is 0, Gforth's (but not the standard) @code{resize}
1.36      anton    1014: @code{allocate}s @i{u} address units.""
                   1015: /* the following check is not necessary on most OSs, but it is needed
                   1016:    on SunOS 4.1.2. */
                   1017: if (a_addr1==NULL)
                   1018:   a_addr2 = (Cell *)malloc(u);
                   1019: else
                   1020:   a_addr2 = (Cell *)realloc(a_addr1, u);
                   1021: wior = IOR(a_addr2==NULL);     /* !! Define a return code */
1.1       anton    1022: 
                   1023: (f83find)      c_addr u f83name1 -- f83name2   new     paren_f83find
                   1024: for (; f83name1 != NULL; f83name1 = f83name1->next)
1.8       pazsan   1025:   if (F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&
1.56      anton    1026:       memcasecmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)
1.8       pazsan   1027:     break;
                   1028: f83name2=f83name1;
1.18      pazsan   1029: :
                   1030:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE
                   1031:         >r dup r@ cell+ c@ $1F and =
                   1032:        IF  2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp  0=
                   1033:            IF  2drop r>  EXIT  THEN  THEN
                   1034:        r> @
                   1035:  REPEAT  nip nip ;
1.8       pazsan   1036: 
1.13      pazsan   1037: (hashfind)     c_addr u a_addr -- f83name2     new     paren_hashfind
                   1038: F83Name *f83name1;
                   1039: f83name2=NULL;
                   1040: while(a_addr != NULL)
                   1041: {
                   1042:    f83name1=(F83Name *)(a_addr[1]);
                   1043:    a_addr=(Cell *)(a_addr[0]);
                   1044:    if (F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&
1.56      anton    1045:        memcasecmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)
1.13      pazsan   1046:      {
                   1047:        f83name2=f83name1;
                   1048:        break;
                   1049:      }
                   1050: }
1.18      pazsan   1051: :
                   1052:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE
                   1053:         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ c@ $1F and =
                   1054:         IF  2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp 0=
                   1055:            IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN
                   1056:        rdrop r>
                   1057:  REPEAT nip nip ;
1.13      pazsan   1058: 
1.55      anton    1059: (tablefind)    c_addr u a_addr -- f83name2     new     paren_tablefind
                   1060: ""A case-sensitive variant of @code{(hashfind)}""
                   1061: F83Name *f83name1;
                   1062: f83name2=NULL;
                   1063: while(a_addr != NULL)
                   1064: {
                   1065:    f83name1=(F83Name *)(a_addr[1]);
                   1066:    a_addr=(Cell *)(a_addr[0]);
                   1067:    if (F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&
                   1068:        memcmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)
                   1069:      {
                   1070:        f83name2=f83name1;
                   1071:        break;
                   1072:      }
                   1073: }
                   1074: :
                   1075:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE
                   1076:         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ c@ $1F and =
                   1077:         IF  2dup r@ cell+ char+ -text 0=
                   1078:            IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN
                   1079:        rdrop r>
                   1080:  REPEAT nip nip ;
                   1081: 
1.43      anton    1082: (hashkey)      c_addr u1 -- u2         gforth  paren_hashkey
1.13      pazsan   1083: u2=0;
                   1084: while(u1--)
1.30      pazsan   1085:    u2+=(Cell)toupper(*c_addr++);
1.18      pazsan   1086: :
                   1087:  0 -rot bounds ?DO  I c@ toupper +  LOOP ;
1.14      anton    1088: 
1.43      anton    1089: (hashkey1)     c_addr u ubits -- ukey          gforth  paren_hashkey1
1.14      anton    1090: ""ukey is the hash key for the string c_addr u fitting in ubits bits""
                   1091: /* this hash function rotates the key at every step by rot bits within
                   1092:    ubits bits and xors it with the character. This function does ok in
                   1093:    the chi-sqare-test.  Rot should be <=7 (preferably <=5) for
                   1094:    ASCII strings (larger if ubits is large), and should share no
                   1095:    divisors with ubits.
                   1096: */
                   1097: unsigned rot = ((char []){5,0,1,2,3,4,5,5,5,5,3,5,5,5,5,7,5,5,5,5,7,5,5,5,5,6,5,5,5,5,7,5,5})[ubits];
                   1098: Char *cp = c_addr;
                   1099: for (ukey=0; cp<c_addr+u; cp++)
                   1100:     ukey = ((((ukey<<rot) | (ukey>>(ubits-rot))) 
                   1101:             ^ toupper(*cp))
                   1102:            & ((1<<ubits)-1));
1.18      pazsan   1103: :
                   1104:  dup rot-values + c@ over 1 swap lshift 1- >r
                   1105:  tuck - 2swap r> 0 2swap bounds
                   1106:  ?DO  dup 4 pick lshift swap 3 pick rshift or
                   1107:       I c@ toupper xor
                   1108:       over and  LOOP
                   1109:  nip nip nip ;
                   1110: Create rot-values
                   1111:   5 c, 0 c, 1 c, 2 c, 3 c,  4 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,
                   1112:   3 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,  7 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,
                   1113:   7 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,  6 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,
                   1114:   7 c, 5 c, 5 c,
1.1       anton    1115: 
1.43      anton    1116: (parse-white)  c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2        gforth  paren_parse_white
1.1       anton    1117: /* use !isgraph instead of isspace? */
                   1118: Char *endp = c_addr1+u1;
                   1119: while (c_addr1<endp && isspace(*c_addr1))
                   1120:   c_addr1++;
                   1121: if (c_addr1<endp) {
                   1122:   for (c_addr2 = c_addr1; c_addr1<endp && !isspace(*c_addr1); c_addr1++)
                   1123:     ;
                   1124:   u2 = c_addr1-c_addr2;
                   1125: }
                   1126: else {
                   1127:   c_addr2 = c_addr1;
                   1128:   u2 = 0;
                   1129: }
1.18      pazsan   1130: :
                   1131:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE  over c@ bl <=  WHILE  1 /string
                   1132:  REPEAT  THEN  2dup
                   1133:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE  over c@ bl >   WHILE  1 /string
                   1134:  REPEAT  THEN  nip - ;
1.1       anton    1135: 
1.36      anton    1136: close-file     wfileid -- wior         file    close_file
                   1137: wior = IOR(fclose((FILE *)wfileid)==EOF);
1.1       anton    1138: 
                   1139: open-file      c_addr u ntype -- w2 wior       file    open_file
1.39      anton    1140: w2 = (Cell)fopen(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1), fileattr[ntype]);
1.40      pazsan   1141: wior =  IOR(w2 == 0);
1.1       anton    1142: 
                   1143: create-file    c_addr u ntype -- w2 wior       file    create_file
1.33      pazsan   1144: Cell   fd;
1.39      anton    1145: fd = open(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1), O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_TRUNC, 0666);
1.36      anton    1146: if (fd != -1) {
1.1       anton    1147:   w2 = (Cell)fdopen(fd, fileattr[ntype]);
1.40      pazsan   1148:   wior = IOR(w2 == 0);
1.1       anton    1149: } else {
                   1150:   w2 = 0;
1.36      anton    1151:   wior = IOR(1);
1.1       anton    1152: }
                   1153: 
                   1154: delete-file    c_addr u -- wior                file    delete_file
1.39      anton    1155: wior = IOR(unlink(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1))==-1);
1.1       anton    1156: 
                   1157: rename-file    c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- wior   file-ext        rename_file
1.39      anton    1158: char *s1=tilde_cstr(c_addr2, u2, 1);
                   1159: wior = IOR(rename(tilde_cstr(c_addr1, u1, 0), s1)==-1);
1.1       anton    1160: 
                   1161: file-position  wfileid -- ud wior      file    file_position
                   1162: /* !! use tell and lseek? */
1.52      anton    1163: ud = LONG2UD(ftell((FILE *)wfileid));
                   1164: wior = IOR(UD2LONG(ud)==-1);
1.1       anton    1165: 
                   1166: reposition-file        ud wfileid -- wior      file    reposition_file
1.52      anton    1167: wior = IOR(fseek((FILE *)wfileid, UD2LONG(ud), SEEK_SET)==-1);
1.1       anton    1168: 
                   1169: file-size      wfileid -- ud wior      file    file_size
                   1170: struct stat buf;
1.36      anton    1171: wior = IOR(fstat(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), &buf)==-1);
1.52      anton    1172: ud = LONG2UD(buf.st_size);
1.1       anton    1173: 
                   1174: resize-file    ud wfileid -- wior      file    resize_file
1.52      anton    1175: wior = IOR(ftruncate(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), UD2LONG(ud))==-1);
1.1       anton    1176: 
                   1177: read-file      c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 wior    file    read_file
                   1178: /* !! fread does not guarantee enough */
                   1179: u2 = fread(c_addr, sizeof(Char), u1, (FILE *)wfileid);
1.7       pazsan   1180: wior = FILEIO(u2<u1 && ferror((FILE *)wfileid));
1.36      anton    1181: /* !! is the value of ferror errno-compatible? */
                   1182: if (wior)
                   1183:   clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
1.1       anton    1184: 
                   1185: read-line      c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 flag wior       file    read_line
1.13      pazsan   1186: /*
                   1187: Cell c;
                   1188: flag=-1;
                   1189: for(u2=0; u2<u1; u2++)
                   1190: {
                   1191:    *c_addr++ = (Char)(c = getc((FILE *)wfileid));
                   1192:    if(c=='\n') break;
                   1193:    if(c==EOF)
                   1194:      {
                   1195:        flag=FLAG(u2!=0);
                   1196:        break;
                   1197:      }
                   1198: }
                   1199: wior=FILEIO(ferror((FILE *)wfileid));
                   1200: */
                   1201: if ((flag=FLAG(!feof((FILE *)wfileid) &&
                   1202:               fgets(c_addr,u1+1,(FILE *)wfileid) != NULL))) {
1.36      anton    1203:   wior=FILEIO(ferror((FILE *)wfileid)); /* !! ior? */
                   1204:   if (wior)
                   1205:     clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
1.13      pazsan   1206:   u2 = strlen(c_addr);
1.11      anton    1207:   u2-=((u2>0) && (c_addr[u2-1]==NEWLINE));
                   1208: }
                   1209: else {
                   1210:   wior=0;
                   1211:   u2=0;
                   1212: }
1.1       anton    1213: 
                   1214: write-file     c_addr u1 wfileid -- wior       file    write_file
                   1215: /* !! fwrite does not guarantee enough */
                   1216: {
1.31      pazsan   1217:   Cell u2 = fwrite(c_addr, sizeof(Char), u1, (FILE *)wfileid);
1.7       pazsan   1218:   wior = FILEIO(u2<u1 && ferror((FILE *)wfileid));
1.36      anton    1219:   if (wior)
                   1220:     clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
1.1       anton    1221: }
                   1222: 
1.51      anton    1223: emit-file      c wfileid -- wior       gforth  emit_file
                   1224: wior = FILEIO(putc(c, (FILE *)wfileid)==EOF);
                   1225: if (wior)
                   1226:   clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
                   1227: 
1.1       anton    1228: flush-file     wfileid -- wior         file-ext        flush_file
1.36      anton    1229: wior = IOR(fflush((FILE *) wfileid)==EOF);
1.1       anton    1230: 
1.38      anton    1231: file-status    c_addr u -- ntype wior  file-ext        file_status
1.39      anton    1232: char *filename=tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1);
1.38      anton    1233: if (access (filename, F_OK) != 0) {
                   1234:   ntype=0;
                   1235:   wior=IOR(1);
                   1236: }
                   1237: else if (access (filename, R_OK | W_OK) == 0) {
                   1238:   ntype=2; /* r/w */
                   1239:   wior=0;
                   1240: }
                   1241: else if (access (filename, R_OK) == 0) {
                   1242:   ntype=0; /* r/o */
                   1243:   wior=0;
                   1244: }
                   1245: else if (access (filename, W_OK) == 0) {
                   1246:   ntype=4; /* w/o */
                   1247:   wior=0;
                   1248: }
                   1249: else {
                   1250:   ntype=1; /* well, we cannot access the file, but better deliver a legal
                   1251:            access mode (r/o bin), so we get a decent error later upon open. */
                   1252:   wior=0;
                   1253: }
1.51      anton    1254: 
                   1255: stdout -- wfileid      gforth
                   1256: wfileid = (Cell)stdout;
                   1257: 
                   1258: stderr -- wfileid      gforth
                   1259: wfileid = (Cell)stderr;
1.38      anton    1260: 
1.43      anton    1261: comparisons(f, r1 r2, f_, r1, r2, gforth, gforth, float, gforth)
                   1262: comparisons(f0, r, f_zero_, r, 0., float, gforth, float, gforth)
1.1       anton    1263: 
                   1264: d>f            d -- r          float   d_to_f
1.52      anton    1265: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                   1266: extern double ldexp(double x, int exp);
                   1267: r = ldexp((Float)d.hi,CELL_BITS) + (Float)d.lo;
                   1268: #else
1.1       anton    1269: r = d;
1.52      anton    1270: #endif
1.1       anton    1271: 
                   1272: f>d            r -- d          float   f_to_d
1.52      anton    1273: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                   1274: d.hi = ldexp(r,-CELL_BITS) - (r<0);
                   1275: d.lo = r-ldexp((Float)d.hi,CELL_BITS);
                   1276: #else
1.1       anton    1277: d = r;
1.52      anton    1278: #endif
1.1       anton    1279: 
                   1280: f!             r f_addr --     float   f_store
                   1281: *f_addr = r;
                   1282: 
                   1283: f@             f_addr -- r     float   f_fetch
                   1284: r = *f_addr;
                   1285: 
                   1286: df@            df_addr -- r    float-ext       d_f_fetch
                   1287: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1288: r = *df_addr;
                   1289: #else
                   1290: !! df@
                   1291: #endif
                   1292: 
                   1293: df!            r df_addr --    float-ext       d_f_store
                   1294: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1295: *df_addr = r;
                   1296: #else
                   1297: !! df!
                   1298: #endif
                   1299: 
                   1300: sf@            sf_addr -- r    float-ext       s_f_fetch
                   1301: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1302: r = *sf_addr;
                   1303: #else
                   1304: !! sf@
                   1305: #endif
                   1306: 
                   1307: sf!            r sf_addr --    float-ext       s_f_store
                   1308: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1309: *sf_addr = r;
                   1310: #else
                   1311: !! sf!
                   1312: #endif
                   1313: 
                   1314: f+             r1 r2 -- r3     float   f_plus
                   1315: r3 = r1+r2;
                   1316: 
                   1317: f-             r1 r2 -- r3     float   f_minus
                   1318: r3 = r1-r2;
                   1319: 
                   1320: f*             r1 r2 -- r3     float   f_star
                   1321: r3 = r1*r2;
                   1322: 
                   1323: f/             r1 r2 -- r3     float   f_slash
                   1324: r3 = r1/r2;
                   1325: 
                   1326: f**            r1 r2 -- r3     float-ext       f_star_star
1.28      anton    1327: ""@i{r3} is @i{r1} raised to the @i{r2}th power""
1.1       anton    1328: r3 = pow(r1,r2);
                   1329: 
                   1330: fnegate                r1 -- r2        float
                   1331: r2 = - r1;
                   1332: 
                   1333: fdrop          r --            float
                   1334: 
                   1335: fdup           r -- r r        float
                   1336: 
                   1337: fswap          r1 r2 -- r2 r1  float
                   1338: 
                   1339: fover          r1 r2 -- r1 r2 r1       float
                   1340: 
                   1341: frot           r1 r2 r3 -- r2 r3 r1    float
                   1342: 
1.42      anton    1343: fnip           r1 r2 -- r2     gforth
                   1344: 
                   1345: ftuck          r1 r2 -- r2 r1 r2       gforth
                   1346: 
1.1       anton    1347: float+         f_addr1 -- f_addr2      float   float_plus
                   1348: f_addr2 = f_addr1+1;
                   1349: 
                   1350: floats         n1 -- n2        float
                   1351: n2 = n1*sizeof(Float);
                   1352: 
                   1353: floor          r1 -- r2        float
1.28      anton    1354: ""round towards the next smaller integral value, i.e., round toward negative infinity""
1.1       anton    1355: /* !! unclear wording */
                   1356: r2 = floor(r1);
                   1357: 
                   1358: fround         r1 -- r2        float
1.28      anton    1359: ""round to the nearest integral value""
1.1       anton    1360: /* !! unclear wording */
1.26      anton    1361: #ifdef HAVE_RINT
1.1       anton    1362: r2 = rint(r1);
1.26      anton    1363: #else
                   1364: r2 = floor(r1+0.5);
                   1365: /* !! This is not quite true to the rounding rules given in the standard */
                   1366: #endif
1.1       anton    1367: 
                   1368: fmax           r1 r2 -- r3     float
                   1369: if (r1<r2)
                   1370:   r3 = r2;
                   1371: else
                   1372:   r3 = r1;
                   1373: 
                   1374: fmin           r1 r2 -- r3     float
                   1375: if (r1<r2)
                   1376:   r3 = r1;
                   1377: else
                   1378:   r3 = r2;
                   1379: 
                   1380: represent              r c_addr u -- n f1 f2   float
                   1381: char *sig;
1.33      pazsan   1382: Cell flag;
                   1383: Cell decpt;
1.40      pazsan   1384: sig=ecvt(r, u, (int *)&decpt, (int *)&flag);
1.33      pazsan   1385: n=(r==0 ? 1 : decpt);
1.1       anton    1386: f1=FLAG(flag!=0);
                   1387: f2=FLAG(isdigit(sig[0])!=0);
                   1388: memmove(c_addr,sig,u);
                   1389: 
                   1390: >float c_addr u -- flag        float   to_float
                   1391: /* real signature: c_addr u -- r t / f */
                   1392: Float r;
1.17      anton    1393: char *number=cstr(c_addr, u, 1);
1.1       anton    1394: char *endconv;
1.32      pazsan   1395: while(isspace(number[--u]) && u>0);
                   1396: switch(number[u])
1.23      pazsan   1397: {
1.32      pazsan   1398:    case 'd':
                   1399:    case 'D':
                   1400:    case 'e':
                   1401:    case 'E':  break;
                   1402:    default :  u++; break;
1.23      pazsan   1403: }
                   1404: number[u]='\0';
1.1       anton    1405: r=strtod(number,&endconv);
1.30      pazsan   1406: if((flag=FLAG(!(Cell)*endconv)))
1.1       anton    1407: {
1.32      pazsan   1408:    IF_FTOS(fp[0] = FTOS);
                   1409:    fp += -1;
                   1410:    FTOS = r;
                   1411: }
                   1412: else if(*endconv=='d' || *endconv=='D')
                   1413: {
                   1414:    *endconv='E';
                   1415:    r=strtod(number,&endconv);
                   1416:    if((flag=FLAG(!(Cell)*endconv)))
                   1417:      {
1.1       anton    1418:        IF_FTOS(fp[0] = FTOS);
                   1419:        fp += -1;
                   1420:        FTOS = r;
1.32      pazsan   1421:      }
1.1       anton    1422: }
                   1423: 
                   1424: fabs           r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1425: r2 = fabs(r1);
                   1426: 
                   1427: facos          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1428: r2 = acos(r1);
                   1429: 
                   1430: fasin          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1431: r2 = asin(r1);
                   1432: 
                   1433: fatan          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1434: r2 = atan(r1);
                   1435: 
                   1436: fatan2         r1 r2 -- r3     float-ext
1.28      anton    1437: ""@i{r1/r2}=tan@i{r3}. The standard does not require, but probably
                   1438: intends this to be the inverse of @code{fsincos}. In gforth it is.""
1.1       anton    1439: r3 = atan2(r1,r2);
                   1440: 
                   1441: fcos           r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1442: r2 = cos(r1);
                   1443: 
                   1444: fexp           r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1445: r2 = exp(r1);
                   1446: 
1.3       pazsan   1447: fexpm1         r1 -- r2        float-ext
1.28      anton    1448: ""@i{r2}=@i{e}**@i{r1}@minus{}1""
1.27      anton    1449: #ifdef HAVE_EXPM1
1.29      anton    1450: extern double expm1(double);
                   1451: r2 = expm1(r1);
1.3       pazsan   1452: #else
1.29      anton    1453: r2 = exp(r1)-1.;
1.3       pazsan   1454: #endif
                   1455: 
1.1       anton    1456: fln            r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1457: r2 = log(r1);
                   1458: 
1.3       pazsan   1459: flnp1          r1 -- r2        float-ext
1.28      anton    1460: ""@i{r2}=ln(@i{r1}+1)""
1.27      anton    1461: #ifdef HAVE_LOG1P
1.29      anton    1462: extern double log1p(double);
                   1463: r2 = log1p(r1);
1.3       pazsan   1464: #else
1.29      anton    1465: r2 = log(r1+1.);
1.3       pazsan   1466: #endif
                   1467: 
1.1       anton    1468: flog           r1 -- r2        float-ext
1.28      anton    1469: ""the decimal logarithm""
1.1       anton    1470: r2 = log10(r1);
                   1471: 
1.29      anton    1472: falog          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1473: ""@i{r2}=10**@i{r1}""
                   1474: extern double pow10(double);
                   1475: r2 = pow10(r1);
                   1476: 
1.3       pazsan   1477: fsin           r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1478: r2 = sin(r1);
                   1479: 
                   1480: fsincos                r1 -- r2 r3     float-ext
1.29      anton    1481: ""@i{r2}=sin(@i{r1}), @i{r3}=cos(@i{r1})""
1.1       anton    1482: r2 = sin(r1);
                   1483: r3 = cos(r1);
                   1484: 
                   1485: fsqrt          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1486: r2 = sqrt(r1);
                   1487: 
                   1488: ftan           r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1489: r2 = tan(r1);
1.32      pazsan   1490: :
                   1491:  fsincos f/ ;
1.29      anton    1492: 
                   1493: fsinh          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1494: r2 = sinh(r1);
1.32      pazsan   1495: :
                   1496:  fexpm1 fdup fdup 1. d>f f+ f/ f+ f2/ ;
1.29      anton    1497: 
                   1498: fcosh          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1499: r2 = cosh(r1);
1.32      pazsan   1500: :
                   1501:  fexp fdup 1/f f+ f2/ ;
1.29      anton    1502: 
                   1503: ftanh          r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1504: r2 = tanh(r1);
1.32      pazsan   1505: :
                   1506:  f2* fexpm1 fdup 2. d>f f+ f/ ;
1.29      anton    1507: 
                   1508: fasinh         r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1509: r2 = asinh(r1);
1.32      pazsan   1510: :
                   1511:  fdup fdup f* 1. d>f f+ fsqrt f/ fatanh ;
1.29      anton    1512: 
                   1513: facosh         r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1514: r2 = acosh(r1);
1.32      pazsan   1515: :
                   1516:  fdup fdup f* 1. d>f f- fsqrt f+ fln ;
1.29      anton    1517: 
                   1518: fatanh         r1 -- r2        float-ext
                   1519: r2 = atanh(r1);
1.32      pazsan   1520: :
                   1521:  fdup f0< >r fabs 1. d>f fover f- f/  f2* flnp1 f2/
                   1522:  r> IF  fnegate  THEN ;
1.1       anton    1523: 
1.43      anton    1524: sfloats                n1 -- n2        float-ext       s_floats
                   1525: n2 = n1*sizeof(SFloat);
                   1526: 
                   1527: dfloats                n1 -- n2        float-ext       d_floats
                   1528: n2 = n1*sizeof(DFloat);
                   1529: 
                   1530: aligned                c_addr -- a_addr        core
1.45      pazsan   1531: a_addr = (Cell *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(Cell)-1))&(-sizeof(Cell)));
                   1532: :
                   1533:  [ cell 1- ] Literal + [ -1 cells ] Literal and ;
1.43      anton    1534: 
                   1535: faligned       c_addr -- f_addr        float   f_aligned
1.45      pazsan   1536: f_addr = (Float *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(Float)-1))&(-sizeof(Float)));
                   1537: :
                   1538:  [ 1 floats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 floats ] Literal and ;
1.43      anton    1539: 
                   1540: sfaligned      c_addr -- sf_addr       float-ext       s_f_aligned
1.45      pazsan   1541: sf_addr = (SFloat *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(SFloat)-1))&(-sizeof(SFloat)));
                   1542: :
                   1543:  [ 1 sfloats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 sfloats ] Literal and ;
1.43      anton    1544: 
                   1545: dfaligned      c_addr -- df_addr       float-ext       d_f_aligned
1.45      pazsan   1546: df_addr = (DFloat *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(DFloat)-1))&(-sizeof(DFloat)));
                   1547: :
                   1548:  [ 1 dfloats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 dfloats ] Literal and ;
1.43      anton    1549: 
1.44      pazsan   1550: \ The following words access machine/OS/installation-dependent
                   1551: \   Gforth internals
1.6       anton    1552: \ !! how about environmental queries DIRECT-THREADED,
                   1553: \   INDIRECT-THREADED, TOS-CACHED, FTOS-CACHED, CODEFIELD-DOES */
1.1       anton    1554: 
                   1555: >body          xt -- a_addr    core    to_body
                   1556: a_addr = PFA(xt);
                   1557: 
1.43      anton    1558: >code-address          xt -- c_addr            gforth  to_code_address
1.1       anton    1559: ""c_addr is the code address of the word xt""
                   1560: /* !! This behaves installation-dependently for DOES-words */
                   1561: c_addr = CODE_ADDRESS(xt);
                   1562: 
1.43      anton    1563: >does-code     xt -- a_addr            gforth  to_does_code
1.1       anton    1564: ""If xt ist the execution token of a defining-word-defined word,
1.57      anton    1565: a_addr is the start of the Forth code after the DOES>;
                   1566: Otherwise a_addr is 0.""
1.20      anton    1567: a_addr = (Cell *)DOES_CODE(xt);
1.1       anton    1568: 
1.43      anton    1569: code-address!          c_addr xt --            gforth  code_address_store
1.1       anton    1570: ""Creates a code field with code address c_addr at xt""
1.41      anton    1571: MAKE_CF(xt, c_addr);
1.5       pazsan   1572: CACHE_FLUSH(xt,PFA(0));
1.1       anton    1573: 
1.43      anton    1574: does-code!     a_addr xt --            gforth  does_code_store
1.1       anton    1575: ""creates a code field at xt for a defining-word-defined word; a_addr
                   1576: is the start of the Forth code after DOES>""
                   1577: MAKE_DOES_CF(xt, a_addr);
1.5       pazsan   1578: CACHE_FLUSH(xt,PFA(0));
1.1       anton    1579: 
1.43      anton    1580: does-handler!  a_addr --       gforth  does_handler_store
1.1       anton    1581: ""creates a DOES>-handler at address a_addr. a_addr usually points
                   1582: just behind a DOES>.""
                   1583: MAKE_DOES_HANDLER(a_addr);
1.5       pazsan   1584: CACHE_FLUSH(a_addr,DOES_HANDLER_SIZE);
1.1       anton    1585: 
1.43      anton    1586: /does-handler  -- n    gforth  slash_does_handler
1.1       anton    1587: ""the size of a does-handler (includes possible padding)""
                   1588: /* !! a constant or environmental query might be better */
                   1589: n = DOES_HANDLER_SIZE;
1.41      anton    1590: 
                   1591: flush-icache   c_addr u --     gforth  flush_icache
                   1592: ""Make sure that the instruction cache of the processor (if there is
                   1593: one) does not contain stale data at @var{c_addr} and @var{u} bytes
                   1594: afterwards. @code{END-CODE} performs a @code{flush-icache}
                   1595: automatically. Caveat: @code{flush-icache} might not work on your
                   1596: installation; this is usually the case if direct threading is not
                   1597: supported on your machine (take a look at your @file{machine.h}) and
                   1598: your machine has a separate instruction cache. In such cases,
                   1599: @code{flush-icache} does nothing instead of flushing the instruction
                   1600: cache.""
                   1601: FLUSH_ICACHE(c_addr,u);
1.1       anton    1602: 
1.43      anton    1603: toupper        c1 -- c2        gforth
1.1       anton    1604: c2 = toupper(c1);
                   1605: 
1.6       anton    1606: \ local variable implementation primitives
1.43      anton    1607: @local#                -- w    gforth  fetch_local_number
1.35      anton    1608: w = *(Cell *)(lp+(Cell)NEXT_INST);
                   1609: INC_IP(1);
1.1       anton    1610: 
1.9       anton    1611: @local0        -- w    new     fetch_local_zero
1.18      pazsan   1612: w = *(Cell *)(lp+0*sizeof(Cell));
1.9       anton    1613: 
1.18      pazsan   1614: @local1        -- w    new     fetch_local_four
                   1615: w = *(Cell *)(lp+1*sizeof(Cell));
1.9       anton    1616: 
1.18      pazsan   1617: @local2        -- w    new     fetch_local_eight
                   1618: w = *(Cell *)(lp+2*sizeof(Cell));
1.9       anton    1619: 
1.18      pazsan   1620: @local3        -- w    new     fetch_local_twelve
                   1621: w = *(Cell *)(lp+3*sizeof(Cell));
1.9       anton    1622: 
1.43      anton    1623: f@local#       -- r    gforth  f_fetch_local_number
1.35      anton    1624: r = *(Float *)(lp+(Cell)NEXT_INST);
                   1625: INC_IP(1);
1.1       anton    1626: 
1.9       anton    1627: f@local0       -- r    new     f_fetch_local_zero
1.18      pazsan   1628: r = *(Float *)(lp+0*sizeof(Float));
1.9       anton    1629: 
1.18      pazsan   1630: f@local1       -- r    new     f_fetch_local_eight
                   1631: r = *(Float *)(lp+1*sizeof(Float));
1.9       anton    1632: 
1.43      anton    1633: laddr#         -- c_addr       gforth  laddr_number
1.1       anton    1634: /* this can also be used to implement lp@ */
1.35      anton    1635: c_addr = (Char *)(lp+(Cell)NEXT_INST);
                   1636: INC_IP(1);
1.1       anton    1637: 
1.43      anton    1638: lp+!#  --      gforth  lp_plus_store_number
1.1       anton    1639: ""used with negative immediate values it allocates memory on the
                   1640: local stack, a positive immediate argument drops memory from the local
                   1641: stack""
1.35      anton    1642: lp += (Cell)NEXT_INST;
                   1643: INC_IP(1);
1.9       anton    1644: 
1.18      pazsan   1645: lp-    --      new     minus_four_lp_plus_store
                   1646: lp += -sizeof(Cell);
1.9       anton    1647: 
1.18      pazsan   1648: lp+    --      new     eight_lp_plus_store
                   1649: lp += sizeof(Float);
1.9       anton    1650: 
1.18      pazsan   1651: lp+2   --      new     sixteen_lp_plus_store
                   1652: lp += 2*sizeof(Float);
1.1       anton    1653: 
1.43      anton    1654: lp!    c_addr --       gforth  lp_store
1.1       anton    1655: lp = (Address)c_addr;
                   1656: 
1.43      anton    1657: >l     w --    gforth  to_l
1.1       anton    1658: lp -= sizeof(Cell);
                   1659: *(Cell *)lp = w;
                   1660: 
1.43      anton    1661: f>l    r --    gforth  f_to_l
1.1       anton    1662: lp -= sizeof(Float);
                   1663: *(Float *)lp = r;
1.4       pazsan   1664: 
1.43      anton    1665: up!    a_addr --       gforth  up_store
1.18      pazsan   1666: up0=up=(char *)a_addr;
1.36      anton    1667: 
1.43      anton    1668: call-c w --    gforth  call_c
1.36      anton    1669: ""Call the C function pointed to by @i{w}. The C function has to
                   1670: access the stack itself. The stack pointers are exported in the gloabl
                   1671: variables @code{SP} and @code{FP}.""
                   1672: /* This is a first attempt at support for calls to C. This may change in
                   1673:    the future */
                   1674: IF_FTOS(fp[0]=FTOS);
                   1675: FP=fp;
                   1676: SP=sp;
                   1677: ((void (*)())w)();
                   1678: sp=SP;
                   1679: fp=FP;
                   1680: IF_TOS(TOS=sp[0]);
                   1681: IF_FTOS(FTOS=fp[0]);
                   1682: 
1.43      anton    1683: strerror       n -- c_addr u   gforth
1.36      anton    1684: c_addr = strerror(n);
1.42      anton    1685: u = strlen(c_addr);
                   1686: 
1.43      anton    1687: strsignal      n -- c_addr u   gforth
1.42      anton    1688: c_addr = strsignal(n);
1.36      anton    1689: u = strlen(c_addr);

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