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anton
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1.1
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\ yet another Forth objects extension |
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anton
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1.3
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\ written by Anton Ertl 1996, 1997 |
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anton
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1.1
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\ public domain |
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anton
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1.2
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\ This (in combination with compat/struct.fs) is in ANS Forth (with an |
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\ environmental dependence on case insensitivity; convert everything |
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\ to upper case for state sensitive systems). |
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anton
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1.1
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anton
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1.2
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\ If you don't use Gforth, you have to load compat/struct.fs first. |
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\ compat/struct.fs and this file together use the following words: |
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\ from CORE : |
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anton
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1.3
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\ : 1- + swap invert and ; DOES> @ immediate drop Create >r rot r@ dup |
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\ , IF ELSE THEN r> chars cells 2* here - allot over execute POSTPONE |
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\ ?dup 2dup move 2! Variable 2@ ! ['] >body = 2drop ' +! Constant |
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\ recurse 1+ BEGIN 0= UNTIL negate Literal ." . |
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anton
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1.2
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\ from CORE-EXT : |
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anton
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1.3
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\ tuck nip true <> 0> erase Value :noname compile, |
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anton
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1.2
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\ from BLOCK-EXT : |
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\ \ |
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\ from DOUBLE : |
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anton
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1.3
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\ 2Constant |
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anton
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1.2
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\ from EXCEPTION : |
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\ throw catch |
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\ from EXCEPTION-EXT : |
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\ abort" |
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\ from FILE : |
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\ ( |
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\ from FLOAT : |
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\ floats |
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\ from FLOAT-EXT : |
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\ dfloats sfloats |
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anton
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1.3
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\ from LOCAL : |
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\ TO |
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anton
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1.2
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\ from MEMORY : |
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anton
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1.3
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\ allocate resize free |
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\ from SEARCH : |
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\ get-order set-order wordlist get-current set-current |
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anton
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1.2
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\ --------------------------------------- |
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\ MANUAL: |
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anton
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1.1
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\ A class is defined like this: |
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\ <parent> class |
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\ ... field <name> |
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\ ... |
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\ ... inst-var <name> |
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\ ... |
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\ selector <name> |
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\ :noname ( ... object -- ... ) |
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\ ... ; |
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\ method <name> \ new method |
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\ ... |
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\ :noname ( ... object -- ... ) |
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\ ... ; |
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\ overrides <name> \ existing method |
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\ ... |
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\ end-class <name> |
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\ you can write fields, inst-vars, selectors, methods and overrides in |
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\ any order. |
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\ A call of a method looks like this: |
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\ ... <object> <method> |
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\ (<object> just needs to reside on the stack, there's no need to name it). |
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\ Instead of defining a method with ':noname ... ;', you can define it |
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\ also with 'm: ... ;m'. The difference is that with ':noname' the |
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\ "self" object is on the top of stack; with 'm:' you can get it with |
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\ 'this'. You should use 'this' only in an 'm:' method even though the |
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\ sample implementation does not enforce this. |
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\ The difference between a field and and inst-var is that the field |
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\ refers to an object at the top of data stack (i.e. a field has the |
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\ stack effect (object -- addr), whereas the inst-var refers to this |
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\ (i.e., it has the stack effect ( -- addr )); obviously, an inst-var |
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\ can only be used in an 'm:' method. |
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\ 'method' defines a new method selector and binds a method to it. |
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\ 'selector' defines a new method selector without binding a method to |
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\ it (you can use this to define abstract classes) |
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\ 'overrides' binds a different method (than the parent class) to an |
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\ existing method selector. |
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\ If you want to perform early binding, you can do it like this: |
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\ ... <object> [bind] <class> <method> \ compilation |
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\ ... <object> bind <class> <method> \ interpretation |
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\ You can get at the method from the method selector and the class like |
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\ this: |
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\ bind' <class> <method> |
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anton
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1.3
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\ An interface is defined like this: |
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\ interface |
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\ selector <name> |
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\ : noname ( ... object -- ... ) |
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\ ... ; |
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\ method <name> |
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\ ... |
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\ end-interface <name> |
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\ You can only define new selectors in an interface definition, no |
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\ fields or instance variables. If you define a selector with |
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\ 'method', the corresponding method becomes the default method for |
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\ this selector. |
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\ An interface is used like this: |
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\ <parent> class |
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\ <interface> implementation |
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\ <interface> implementation |
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\ :noname ( ... -- ... ) |
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\ ... ; |
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\ overrides <selector> |
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\ end-class name |
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\ a class inherits all interfaces of its parent. An 'implementation' |
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\ means that the class also implements the specified interface (If the |
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\ interface is already implemented by the parent class, an |
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\ 'implementation' phrase resets the methods to the defaults. |
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\ 'overrides' can also be used to override interface methods. It has |
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\ to be used after announcing the 'implementation' of the |
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\ interface. Apart from this, 'implementation' can be freely mixed |
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\ with the other stuff (but I recommend to put all 'implementation' |
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\ phrases at the beginning of the class definition). |
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anton
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1.1
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\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ |
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\ needs struct.fs |
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\ helper words |
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: -rot ( a b c -- c a b ) |
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rot rot ; |
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anton
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1.3
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: under+ ( a b c -- a+b c ) |
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rot + swap ; |
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anton
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1.1
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: perform ( ... addr -- ... ) |
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@ execute ; |
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anton
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1.3
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: ?dup-if ( compilation: -- orig ; run-time: n -- n| ) |
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POSTPONE ?dup POSTPONE if ; immediate |
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anton
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1.1
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: save-mem ( addr1 u -- addr2 u ) \ gforth |
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\ copy a memory block into a newly allocated region in the heap |
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swap >r |
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dup allocate throw |
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swap 2dup r> -rot move ; |
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anton
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1.3
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: resize ( a-addr1 u -- a-addr2 ior ) \ gforth |
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over |
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if |
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resize |
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else |
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nip allocate |
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then ; |
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anton
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1.1
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: extend-mem ( addr1 u1 u -- addr addr2 u2 ) |
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\ extend memory block allocated from the heap by u aus |
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\ the (possibly reallocated piece is addr2 u2, the extension is at addr ) |
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over >r + dup >r resize throw |
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r> over r> + -rot ; |
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: 2, ( w1 w2 -- ) \ gforth |
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here 2 cells allot 2! ; |
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anton
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1.3
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\ data structures |
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anton
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1.1
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struct |
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1 cells: field object-map |
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end-struct object-struct |
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struct |
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anton
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1.3
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2 cells: field interface-map |
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1 cells: field interface-map-offset \ aus |
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\ difference between where interface-map points and where |
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\ object-map points (0 for non-classes) |
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1 cells: field interface-offset \ aus |
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\ offset of interface map-pointer in class-map (0 for classes) |
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end-struct interface-struct |
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interface-struct |
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1 cells: field class-parent |
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1 cells: field class-wordlist \ instance variables and other private words |
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2 cells: field class-inst-size \ size and alignment |
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anton
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1.1
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end-struct class-struct |
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anton
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1.3
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struct |
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1 cells: field selector-offset \ the offset within the (interface) map |
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1 cells: field selector-interface \ the interface offset |
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end-struct selector-struct |
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\ maps are not defined explicitly; they have the following structure: |
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\ pointers to interface maps (for classes) <- interface-map points here |
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\ interface/class-struct pointer <- (object-)map points here |
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\ xts of methods |
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anton
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1.1
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anton
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1.3
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\ code |
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anton
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1.1
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anton
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1.3
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\ selectors and methods |
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variable current-interface |
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anton
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1.1
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: no-method ( -- ) |
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anton
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1.3
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true abort" no method defined for this object/selector combination" ; |
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: do-class-method ( -- ) |
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does> ( ... object -- ... ) |
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( object ) |
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selector-offset @ over object-map @ + ( object xtp ) perform ; |
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: do-interface-method ( -- ) |
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does> ( ... object -- ... ) |
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( object selector-body ) |
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2dup selector-interface @ ( object selector-body object interface-offset ) |
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swap object-map @ + @ ( object selector-body map ) |
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swap selector-offset @ + perform ; |
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anton
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1.1
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: method ( xt "name" -- ) |
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anton
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1.3
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\ define selector with method xt |
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create |
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current-interface @ interface-map 2@ ( xt map-addr map-size ) |
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dup current-interface @ interface-map-offset @ - , |
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1 cells extend-mem current-interface @ interface-map 2! ! ( ) |
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current-interface @ interface-offset @ dup , |
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( 0<> ) if |
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do-interface-method |
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else |
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do-class-method |
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then ; |
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anton
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1.1
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: selector ( "name" -- ) |
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\ define a method selector for later overriding in subclasses |
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['] no-method method ; |
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anton
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1.3
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: interface-override! ( xt sel-xt interface-map -- ) |
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\ xt is the new method for the selector sel-xt in interface-map |
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swap >body ( xt map selector-body ) |
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selector-offset @ + ! ; |
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: class->map ( class -- map ) |
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\ compute the (object-)map for the class |
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dup interface-map 2@ drop swap interface-map-offset @ + ; |
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: unique-interface-map ( class-map offset -- ) |
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\ if the interface at offset in class map is the same as its parent, |
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\ copy it to make it unique; used for implementing a copy-on-write policy |
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over @ class-parent @ class->map ( class-map offset parent-map ) |
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over + @ >r \ the map for the interface for the parent |
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+ dup @ ( mapp map ) |
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dup r> = |
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if |
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@ interface-map 2@ save-mem drop |
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swap ! |
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else |
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2drop |
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then ; |
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: class-override! ( xt sel-xt class-map -- ) |
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\ xt is the new method for the selector sel-xt in class-map |
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over >body ( xt sel-xt class-map selector-body ) |
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selector-interface @ ( xt sel-xt class-map offset ) |
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?dup-if \ the selector is for an interface |
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2dup unique-interface-map |
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+ @ |
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then |
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interface-override! ; |
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anton
|
1.1
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|
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: overrides ( xt "selector" -- ) |
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anton
|
1.3
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\ replace default method "method" in the current class with xt |
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\ must not be used during an interface definition |
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' current-interface @ class->map class-override! ; |
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\ interfaces |
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\ every interface gets a different offset; the latest one is stored here |
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variable last-interface-offset 0 last-interface-offset ! |
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| 300 : |
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: interface ( -- ) |
| 301 : |
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interface-struct struct-allot >r |
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0 0 r@ interface-map 2! |
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-1 cells last-interface-offset +! |
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last-interface-offset @ r@ interface-offset ! |
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0 r@ interface-map-offset ! |
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r> current-interface ! ; |
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: end-interface-noname ( -- interface ) |
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current-interface @ ; |
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: end-interface ( "name" -- ) |
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\ name execution: ( -- interface ) |
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end-interface-noname constant ; |
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\ classes |
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: add-class-order ( n1 class -- wid1 ... widn n+n1 ) |
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dup >r class-parent @ |
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?dup-if |
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recurse \ first add the search order for the parent class |
| 321 : |
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then |
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r> class-wordlist @ swap 1+ ; |
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: push-order ( class -- ) |
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\ add the class's wordlist to the search-order (in front) |
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>r get-order r> add-class-order set-order ; |
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: class ( parent-class -- size align ) |
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class-struct struct-allot >r |
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dup interface-map 2@ save-mem r@ interface-map 2! |
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dup interface-map-offset @ r@ interface-map-offset ! |
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r@ dup class->map ! |
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0 r@ interface-offset ! |
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dup r@ class-parent ! |
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wordlist r@ class-wordlist ! |
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r@ current-interface ! |
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r> push-order |
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class-inst-size 2@ ; |
| 339 : |
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: remove-class-order ( wid1 ... widn n+n1 class -- n1 ) |
| 341 : |
|
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\ note: no checks, whether the wordlists are correct |
| 342 : |
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begin |
| 343 : |
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>r nip 1- |
| 344 : |
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r> class-parent @ dup 0= |
| 345 : |
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until |
| 346 : |
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drop ; |
| 347 : |
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| 348 : |
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: drop-order ( class -- ) |
| 349 : |
|
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\ note: no checks, whether the wordlists are correct |
| 350 : |
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>r get-order r> remove-class-order set-order ; |
| 351 : |
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| 352 : |
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: end-class-noname ( size align -- class ) |
| 353 : |
|
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current-interface @ dup drop-order class-inst-size 2! |
| 354 : |
|
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end-interface-noname ; |
| 355 : |
|
|
|
| 356 : |
|
|
: end-class ( size align "name" -- ) |
| 357 : |
|
|
\ name execution: ( -- class ) |
| 358 : |
|
|
end-class-noname constant ; |
| 359 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 360 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
\ visibility control |
| 361 : |
|
|
|
| 362 : |
|
|
variable public-wordlist |
| 363 : |
|
|
|
| 364 : |
|
|
: private ( -- ) |
| 365 : |
|
|
current-interface @ class-wordlist @ |
| 366 : |
|
|
dup get-current <> |
| 367 : |
|
|
if \ we are not private already |
| 368 : |
|
|
get-current public-wordlist ! |
| 369 : |
|
|
then |
| 370 : |
|
|
set-current ; |
| 371 : |
|
|
|
| 372 : |
|
|
: public ( -- ) |
| 373 : |
|
|
public-wordlist @ set-current ; |
| 374 : |
|
|
|
| 375 : |
|
|
\ classes that implement interfaces |
| 376 : |
|
|
|
| 377 : |
|
|
: front-extend-mem ( addr1 u1 u -- addr addr2 u2 ) |
| 378 : |
|
|
\ extend memory block allocated from the heap by u aus, with the |
| 379 : |
|
|
\ old stuff coming at the end |
| 380 : |
|
|
2dup + dup >r allocate throw ( addr1 u1 u addr2 ; R: u2 ) |
| 381 : |
|
|
dup >r + >r over r> rot move ( addr1 ; R: u2 addr2 ) |
| 382 : |
|
|
free throw |
| 383 : |
|
|
r> dup r> ; |
| 384 : |
|
|
|
| 385 : |
|
|
: implementation ( interface -- ) |
| 386 : |
|
|
dup interface-offset @ ( interface offset ) |
| 387 : |
|
|
current-interface @ interface-map-offset @ negate over - dup 0> |
| 388 : |
|
|
if \ the interface does not fit in the present class-map |
| 389 : |
|
|
>r current-interface @ interface-map 2@ |
| 390 : |
|
|
r@ front-extend-mem |
| 391 : |
|
|
current-interface @ interface-map 2! |
| 392 : |
|
|
r@ erase |
| 393 : |
|
|
dup negate current-interface @ interface-map-offset ! |
| 394 : |
|
|
r> |
| 395 : |
|
|
then ( interface offset n ) |
| 396 : |
|
|
drop >r |
| 397 : |
|
|
interface-map 2@ save-mem drop ( map ) |
| 398 : |
|
|
current-interface @ dup interface-map 2@ drop |
| 399 : |
|
|
swap interface-map-offset @ + r> + ! ; |
| 400 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 401 : |
|
|
\ this/self, instance variables etc. |
| 402 : |
|
|
|
| 403 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
\ rename "this" into "self" if you are a Smalltalk fiend |
| 404 : |
|
|
0 value this ( -- object ) |
| 405 : |
|
|
: to-this ( object -- ) |
| 406 : |
|
|
TO this ; |
| 407 : |
|
|
|
| 408 : |
|
|
\ another implementation, if you don't have (fast) values |
| 409 : |
|
|
\ variable thisp |
| 410 : |
|
|
\ : this ( -- object ) |
| 411 : |
|
|
\ thisp @ ; |
| 412 : |
|
|
\ : to-this ( object -- ) |
| 413 : |
|
|
\ thisp ! ; |
| 414 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 415 : |
|
|
: m: ( -- xt colon-sys ) ( run-time: object -- ) |
| 416 : |
|
|
:noname |
| 417 : |
|
|
POSTPONE this |
| 418 : |
|
|
POSTPONE >r |
| 419 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
POSTPONE to-this ; |
| 420 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 421 : |
|
|
: ;m ( colon-sys -- ) ( run-time: -- ) |
| 422 : |
|
|
POSTPONE r> |
| 423 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
POSTPONE to-this |
| 424 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
POSTPONE ; ; immediate |
| 425 : |
|
|
|
| 426 : |
|
|
: catch ( ... xt -- ... n ) |
| 427 : |
|
|
\ make it safe to call CATCH within a method. |
| 428 : |
|
|
\ should also be done with all words containing CATCH. |
| 429 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
this >r catch r> to-this ; |
| 430 : |
|
|
|
| 431 : |
|
|
\ the following is a bit roundabout; this is caused by the standard |
| 432 : |
|
|
\ disallowing to change the compilation wordlist between CREATE and |
| 433 : |
|
|
\ DOES> (see RFI 3) |
| 434 : |
|
|
|
| 435 : |
|
|
: inst-something ( size1 align1 size align xt "name" -- size2 align2 ) |
| 436 : |
|
|
\ xt ( -- ) typically is for a DOES>-word |
| 437 : |
|
|
get-current >r |
| 438 : |
|
|
current-interface @ class-wordlist @ set-current |
| 439 : |
|
|
>r create-field r> execute |
| 440 : |
|
|
r> set-current ; |
| 441 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 442 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: do-inst-var ( -- ) |
| 443 : |
|
|
does> \ name execution: ( -- addr ) |
| 444 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
( addr1 ) @ this + ; |
| 445 : |
|
|
|
| 446 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: inst-var ( size1 align1 size align "name" -- size2 align2 ) |
| 447 : |
|
|
\ name execution: ( -- addr ) |
| 448 : |
|
|
['] do-inst-var inst-something ; |
| 449 : |
|
|
|
| 450 : |
|
|
: do-inst-value ( -- ) |
| 451 : |
|
|
does> \ name execution: ( -- w ) |
| 452 : |
|
|
( addr1 ) @ this + @ ; |
| 453 : |
|
|
|
| 454 : |
|
|
: inst-value ( size1 align1 "name" -- size2 align2 ) |
| 455 : |
|
|
\ name execution: ( -- w ) |
| 456 : |
|
|
\ a cell-sized value-flavoured instance field |
| 457 : |
|
|
1 cells: ['] do-inst-value inst-something ; |
| 458 : |
|
|
|
| 459 : |
|
|
: <to-inst> ( w xt -- ) |
| 460 : |
|
|
>body @ this + ! ; |
| 461 : |
|
|
|
| 462 : |
|
|
: to-inst ( w "name" -- ) |
| 463 : |
|
|
' <to-inst> ; |
| 464 : |
|
|
|
| 465 : |
|
|
: [to-inst] ( compile-time: "name" -- ; run-time: w -- ) |
| 466 : |
|
|
' >body @ POSTPONE literal |
| 467 : |
|
|
POSTPONE this |
| 468 : |
|
|
POSTPONE + |
| 469 : |
|
|
POSTPONE ! ; immediate |
| 470 : |
|
|
|
| 471 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
\ early binding stuff |
| 472 : |
|
|
|
| 473 : |
|
|
\ this is not generally used, only where you want to do something like |
| 474 : |
|
|
\ superclass method invocation (so that you don't have to name your methods) |
| 475 : |
|
|
|
| 476 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: <bind> ( class selector-xt -- xt ) |
| 477 : |
|
|
>body swap class->map over selector-interface @ |
| 478 : |
|
|
?dup-if |
| 479 : |
|
|
+ @ |
| 480 : |
|
|
then |
| 481 : |
|
|
swap selector-offset @ + @ ; |
| 482 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 483 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: bind' ( "class" "selector" -- xt ) |
| 484 : |
|
|
' execute ' <bind> ; |
| 485 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 486 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: bind ( ... object "class" "selector" -- ... ) |
| 487 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
bind' execute ; |
| 488 : |
|
|
|
| 489 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: [bind] ( compile-time: "class" "selector" -- ; run-time: ... object -- ... ) |
| 490 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
bind' compile, ; immediate |
| 491 : |
|
|
|
| 492 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: [super] ( compile-time: "selector" -- ; run-time: ... object -- ... ) |
| 493 : |
|
|
\ same as `[bind] "parent" "selector"', where "parent" is the |
| 494 : |
|
|
\ parent class of the current class |
| 495 : |
|
|
current-interface @ class-parent @ ' <bind> compile, ; immediate |
| 496 : |
|
|
|
| 497 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
\ the object class |
| 498 : |
|
|
|
| 499 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
\ because OBJECT has no parent class, we have to build it by hand |
| 500 : |
|
|
\ (instead of with class) |
| 501 : |
|
|
|
| 502 : |
|
|
wordlist |
| 503 : |
|
|
here current-interface ! |
| 504 : |
|
|
current-interface 1 cells save-mem 2, \ map now contains a pointer to class |
| 505 : |
|
|
0 , |
| 506 : |
|
|
0 , |
| 507 : |
|
|
0 , \ parent |
| 508 : |
|
|
, \ wordlist |
| 509 : |
|
|
object-struct 2, \ instance size |
| 510 : |
|
|
object-struct |
| 511 : |
|
|
|
| 512 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
:noname ( object -- ) |
| 513 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
drop ; |
| 514 : |
|
|
method construct ( ... object -- ) |
| 515 : |
|
|
|
| 516 : |
|
|
:noname ( object -- ) |
| 517 : |
|
|
." object:" dup . ." class:" object-map @ @ . ; |
| 518 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
method print |
| 519 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
|
| 520 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
end-class object |
| 521 : |
|
|
|
| 522 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
\ constructing objects |
| 523 : |
anton
|
1.1
|
|
| 524 : |
anton
|
1.3
|
: init-object ( ... class object -- ) |
| 525 : |
|
|
swap class->map over object-map ! ( ... object ) |
| 526 : |
|
|
construct ; |
| 527 : |
|
|
|
| 528 : |
|
|
: xt-new ( ... class xt -- object ) |
| 529 : |
|
|
\ makes a new object, using XT ( size align -- addr ) to allocate memory |
| 530 : |
|
|
over class-inst-size 2@ rot execute |
| 531 : |
|
|
dup >r init-object r> ; |
| 532 : |
|
|
|
| 533 : |
|
|
: dict-new ( ... class -- object ) |
| 534 : |
|
|
\ makes a new object HERE in dictionary |
| 535 : |
|
|
['] struct-allot xt-new ; |
| 536 : |
|
|
|
| 537 : |
|
|
: heap-new ( ... class -- object ) |
| 538 : |
|
|
\ makes a new object in ALLOCATEd memory |
| 539 : |
|
|
['] struct-alloc xt-new ; |