Annotation of gforth/prim, revision 1.138

1.1       anton       1: \ Gforth primitives
                      2: 
1.126     anton       3: \ Copyright (C) 1995,1996,1997,1998,2000,2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1.1       anton       4: 
                      5: \ This file is part of Gforth.
                      6: 
                      7: \ Gforth is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
                      8: \ modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
                      9: \ as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
                     10: \ of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
                     11: 
                     12: \ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
                     13: \ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
                     14: \ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
                     15: \ GNU General Public License for more details.
                     16: 
                     17: \ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
                     18: \ along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
1.63      anton      19: \ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
1.1       anton      20: 
                     21: 
                     22: \ WARNING: This file is processed by m4. Make sure your identifiers
                     23: \ don't collide with m4's (e.g. by undefining them).
                     24: \ 
                     25: \ 
                     26: \ 
                     27: \ This file contains primitive specifications in the following format:
                     28: \ 
1.47      anton      29: \ forth name   ( stack effect )        category        [pronunciation]
1.1       anton      30: \ [""glossary entry""]
                     31: \ C code
                     32: \ [:
                     33: \ Forth code]
                     34: \ 
1.47      anton      35: \ Note: Fields in brackets are optional.  Word specifications have to
                     36: \ be separated by at least one empty line
1.1       anton      37: \
                     38: \ Both pronounciation and stack items (in the stack effect) must
1.48      anton      39: \ conform to the C identifier syntax or the C compiler will complain.
                     40: \ If you don't have a pronounciation field, the Forth name is used,
                     41: \ and has to conform to the C identifier syntax.
1.1       anton      42: \ 
                     43: \ These specifications are automatically translated into C-code for the
                     44: \ interpreter and into some other files. I hope that your C compiler has
                     45: \ decent optimization, otherwise the automatically generated code will
                     46: \ be somewhat slow. The Forth version of the code is included for manual
                     47: \ compilers, so they will need to compile only the important words.
                     48: \ 
                     49: \ Note that stack pointer adjustment is performed according to stack
                     50: \ effect by automatically generated code and NEXT is automatically
                     51: \ appended to the C code. Also, you can use the names in the stack
                     52: \ effect in the C code. Stack access is automatic. One exception: if
                     53: \ your code does not fall through, the results are not stored into the
                     54: \ stack. Use different names on both sides of the '--', if you change a
                     55: \ value (some stores to the stack are optimized away).
1.93      anton      56: \
                     57: \ For superinstructions the syntax is:
                     58: \
                     59: \ forth-name [/ c-name] = forth-name forth-name ...
                     60: \
1.1       anton      61: \ 
                     62: \ The stack variables have the following types:
                     63: \ 
                     64: \ name matches type
                     65: \ f.*          Bool
                     66: \ c.*          Char
1.93      anton      67: \ [nw].*       Cell
1.1       anton      68: \ u.*          UCell
                     69: \ d.*          DCell
                     70: \ ud.*         UDCell
                     71: \ r.*          Float
                     72: \ a_.*         Cell *
                     73: \ c_.*         Char *
                     74: \ f_.*         Float *
                     75: \ df_.*                DFloat *
                     76: \ sf_.*                SFloat *
                     77: \ xt.*         XT
                     78: \ f83name.*    F83Name *
1.67      anton      79: 
1.79      anton      80: \E stack data-stack   sp Cell
                     81: \E stack fp-stack     fp Float
                     82: \E stack return-stack rp Cell
                     83: \E
1.67      anton      84: \E get-current prefixes set-current
                     85: \E 
                     86: \E s" Bool"            single data-stack type-prefix f
                     87: \E s" Char"            single data-stack type-prefix c
                     88: \E s" Cell"            single data-stack type-prefix n
                     89: \E s" Cell"            single data-stack type-prefix w
                     90: \E s" UCell"           single data-stack type-prefix u
                     91: \E s" DCell"           double data-stack type-prefix d
                     92: \E s" UDCell"          double data-stack type-prefix ud
                     93: \E s" Float"           single fp-stack   type-prefix r
                     94: \E s" Cell *"          single data-stack type-prefix a_
                     95: \E s" Char *"          single data-stack type-prefix c_
                     96: \E s" Float *"         single data-stack type-prefix f_
                     97: \E s" DFloat *"                single data-stack type-prefix df_
                     98: \E s" SFloat *"                single data-stack type-prefix sf_
                     99: \E s" Xt"              single data-stack type-prefix xt
                    100: \E s" struct F83Name *"        single data-stack type-prefix f83name
1.71      anton     101: \E s" struct Longname *" single data-stack type-prefix longname
1.67      anton     102: \E 
                    103: \E return-stack stack-prefix R:
                    104: \E inst-stream  stack-prefix #
                    105: \E 
                    106: \E set-current
1.97      anton     107: \E store-optimization on
1.109     anton     108: \E ' noop tail-nextp2 ! \ now INST_TAIL just stores, but does not jump
1.128     anton     109: \E
                    110: \E include-skipped-insts on \ static superinsts include cells for components
                    111: \E                          \ useful for dynamic programming and
                    112: \E                          \ superinsts across entry points
1.67      anton     113: 
1.1       anton     114: \ 
                    115: \ 
                    116: \ 
                    117: \ In addition the following names can be used:
                    118: \ ip   the instruction pointer
                    119: \ sp   the data stack pointer
                    120: \ rp   the parameter stack pointer
                    121: \ lp   the locals stack pointer
                    122: \ NEXT executes NEXT
                    123: \ cfa  
                    124: \ NEXT1        executes NEXT1
                    125: \ FLAG(x)      makes a Forth flag from a C flag
                    126: \ 
                    127: \ 
                    128: \ 
                    129: \ Percentages in comments are from Koopmans book: average/maximum use
                    130: \ (taken from four, not very representative benchmarks)
                    131: \ 
                    132: \ 
                    133: \ 
                    134: \ To do:
                    135: \ 
                    136: \ throw execute, cfa and NEXT1 out?
                    137: \ macroize *ip, ip++, *ip++ (pipelining)?
                    138: 
                    139: \ these m4 macros would collide with identifiers
                    140: undefine(`index')
                    141: undefine(`shift')
1.78      pazsan    142: undefine(`symbols')
1.1       anton     143: 
1.83      pazsan    144: \g control
                    145: 
1.47      anton     146: noop   ( -- )          gforth
1.1       anton     147: :
                    148:  ;
                    149: 
1.112     pazsan    150: call   ( #a_callee -- R:a_retaddr )    new
                    151: ""Call callee (a variant of docol with inline argument).""
                    152: #ifdef NO_IP
                    153: INST_TAIL;
                    154: JUMP(a_callee);
                    155: #else
                    156: #ifdef DEBUG
                    157:     {
                    158:       CFA_TO_NAME((((Cell *)a_callee)-2));
                    159:       fprintf(stderr,"%08lx: call %08lx %.*s\n",(Cell)ip,(Cell)a_callee,
                    160:              len,name);
                    161:     }
                    162: #endif
                    163: a_retaddr = (Cell *)IP;
                    164: SET_IP((Xt *)a_callee);
                    165: #endif
1.1       anton     166: 
1.47      anton     167: execute        ( xt -- )               core
1.29      crook     168: ""Perform the semantics represented by the execution token, @i{xt}.""
1.102     anton     169: #ifndef NO_IP
1.1       anton     170: ip=IP;
1.102     anton     171: #endif
1.64      anton     172: IF_spTOS(spTOS = sp[0]);
1.76      anton     173: SUPER_END;
1.1       anton     174: EXEC(xt);
                    175: 
1.47      anton     176: perform        ( a_addr -- )   gforth
1.55      anton     177: ""@code{@@ execute}.""
1.1       anton     178: /* and pfe */
1.102     anton     179: #ifndef NO_IP
1.1       anton     180: ip=IP;
1.102     anton     181: #endif
1.64      anton     182: IF_spTOS(spTOS = sp[0]);
1.76      anton     183: SUPER_END;
1.1       anton     184: EXEC(*(Xt *)a_addr);
                    185: :
                    186:  @ execute ;
                    187: 
1.112     pazsan    188: ;s     ( R:w -- )              gforth  semis
                    189: ""The primitive compiled by @code{EXIT}.""
                    190: #ifdef NO_IP
                    191: INST_TAIL;
                    192: goto *(void *)w;
                    193: #else
                    194: SET_IP((Xt *)w);
                    195: #endif
                    196: 
                    197: unloop ( R:w1 R:w2 -- )        core
                    198: /* !! alias for 2rdrop */
                    199: :
                    200:  r> rdrop rdrop >r ;
                    201: 
                    202: lit-perform    ( #a_addr -- )  new     lit_perform
                    203: #ifndef NO_IP
                    204: ip=IP;
                    205: #endif
                    206: SUPER_END;
                    207: EXEC(*(Xt *)a_addr);
                    208: 
                    209: does-exec ( #a_cfa -- R:nest a_pfa )   new     does_exec
                    210: #ifdef NO_IP
                    211: /* compiled to LIT CALL by compile_prim */
                    212: assert(0);
                    213: #else
                    214: a_pfa = PFA(a_cfa);
                    215: nest = (Cell)IP;
                    216: IF_spTOS(spTOS = sp[0]);
                    217: #ifdef DEBUG
                    218:     {
                    219:       CFA_TO_NAME(a_cfa);
                    220:       fprintf(stderr,"%08lx: does %08lx %.*s\n",
                    221:              (Cell)ip,(Cell)a_cfa,len,name);
                    222:     }
                    223: #endif
                    224: SET_IP(DOES_CODE1(a_cfa));
                    225: #endif
                    226: 
1.15      pazsan    227: \+glocals
1.1       anton     228: 
1.112     pazsan    229: branch-lp+!# ( #a_target #nlocals -- ) gforth  branch_lp_plus_store_number
1.1       anton     230: /* this will probably not be used */
1.68      anton     231: lp += nlocals;
1.112     pazsan    232: #ifdef NO_IP
                    233: INST_TAIL;
                    234: JUMP(a_target);
                    235: #else
                    236: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    237: #endif
1.1       anton     238: 
1.15      pazsan    239: \+
1.1       anton     240: 
1.112     pazsan    241: branch ( #a_target -- )        gforth
                    242: #ifdef NO_IP
                    243: INST_TAIL;
                    244: JUMP(a_target);
                    245: #else
                    246: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    247: #endif
1.1       anton     248: :
1.112     pazsan    249:  r> @ >r ;
1.1       anton     250: 
1.112     pazsan    251: \ condbranch(forthname,stackeffect,restline,code1,code2,forthcode)
1.1       anton     252: \ this is non-syntactical: code must open a brace that is closed by the macro
                    253: define(condbranch,
1.112     pazsan    254: $1 ( `#'a_target $2 ) $3
                    255: $4     #ifdef NO_IP
1.96      anton     256: INST_TAIL;
1.112     pazsan    257: #endif
                    258: $5     #ifdef NO_IP
                    259: JUMP(a_target);
                    260: #else
                    261: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    262: INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    263: #endif
1.1       anton     264: }
1.87      anton     265: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.112     pazsan    266: $6
1.1       anton     267: 
1.15      pazsan    268: \+glocals
1.1       anton     269: 
1.112     pazsan    270: $1-lp+!`#' ( `#'a_target `#'nlocals $2 ) $3_lp_plus_store_number
                    271: $4     #ifdef NO_IP
1.96      anton     272: INST_TAIL;
1.112     pazsan    273: #endif
                    274: $5     lp += nlocals;
                    275: #ifdef NO_IP
                    276: JUMP(a_target);
                    277: #else
                    278: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    279: INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    280: #endif
1.1       anton     281: }
1.87      anton     282: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     283: 
1.15      pazsan    284: \+
1.1       anton     285: )
                    286: 
1.68      anton     287: condbranch(?branch,f --,f83    question_branch,
1.112     pazsan    288: ,if (f==0) {
1.5       jwilke    289: ,:
1.112     pazsan    290:  0= dup 0=          \ !f f
                    291:  r> tuck cell+      \ !f branchoffset f IP+
                    292:  and -rot @ and or  \ f&IP+|!f&branch
1.5       jwilke    293:  >r ;)
1.1       anton     294: 
                    295: \ we don't need an lp_plus_store version of the ?dup-stuff, because it
                    296: \ is only used in if's (yet)
                    297: 
1.15      pazsan    298: \+xconds
1.1       anton     299: 
1.112     pazsan    300: ?dup-?branch   ( #a_target f -- f )    new     question_dupe_question_branch
1.1       anton     301: ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-IF}.""
                    302: if (f==0) {
                    303:   sp++;
1.64      anton     304:   IF_spTOS(spTOS = sp[0]);
1.112     pazsan    305: #ifdef NO_IP
                    306: INST_TAIL;
                    307: JUMP(a_target);
                    308: #else
                    309: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    310:   INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    311: #endif
1.1       anton     312: }
1.87      anton     313: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     314: 
1.112     pazsan    315: ?dup-0=-?branch ( #a_target f -- ) new question_dupe_zero_equals_question_branch
1.1       anton     316: ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-0=-IF}.""
                    317: /* the approach taken here of declaring the word as having the stack
                    318: effect ( f -- ) and correcting for it in the branch-taken case costs a
                    319: few cycles in that case, but is easy to convert to a CONDBRANCH
                    320: invocation */
                    321: if (f!=0) {
                    322:   sp--;
1.112     pazsan    323: #ifdef NO_IP
                    324:   JUMP(a_target);
                    325: #else
                    326:   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
1.1       anton     327:   NEXT;
1.112     pazsan    328: #endif
1.1       anton     329: }
1.87      anton     330: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     331: 
1.15      pazsan    332: \+
1.31      jwilke    333: \fhas? skiploopprims 0= [IF]
1.1       anton     334: 
1.68      anton     335: condbranch((next),R:n1 -- R:n2,cmFORTH paren_next,
1.65      anton     336: n2=n1-1;
1.112     pazsan    337: ,if (n1) {
1.1       anton     338: ,:
                    339:  r> r> dup 1- >r
1.112     pazsan    340:  IF @ >r ELSE cell+ >r THEN ;)
1.1       anton     341: 
1.68      anton     342: condbranch((loop),R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth        paren_loop,
1.65      anton     343: n2=n1+1;
1.112     pazsan    344: ,if (n2 != nlimit) {
1.1       anton     345: ,:
                    346:  r> r> 1+ r> 2dup =
                    347:  IF >r 1- >r cell+ >r
1.112     pazsan    348:  ELSE >r >r @ >r THEN ;)
1.1       anton     349: 
1.68      anton     350: condbranch((+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_plus_loop,
1.1       anton     351: /* !! check this thoroughly */
                    352: /* sign bit manipulation and test: (x^y)<0 is equivalent to (x<0) != (y<0) */
                    353: /* dependent upon two's complement arithmetic */
1.65      anton     354: Cell olddiff = n1-nlimit;
                    355: n2=n1+n;       
1.112     pazsan    356: ,if ((olddiff^(olddiff+n))>=0   /* the limit is not crossed */
1.1       anton     357:     || (olddiff^n)>=0          /* it is a wrap-around effect */) {
                    358: ,:
                    359:  r> swap
                    360:  r> r> 2dup - >r
                    361:  2 pick r@ + r@ xor 0< 0=
                    362:  3 pick r> xor 0< 0= or
1.112     pazsan    363:  IF    >r + >r @ >r
1.1       anton     364:  ELSE  >r >r drop cell+ >r THEN ;)
                    365: 
1.15      pazsan    366: \+xconds
1.1       anton     367: 
1.68      anton     368: condbranch((-loop),u R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_minus_loop,
1.65      anton     369: UCell olddiff = n1-nlimit;
                    370: n2=n1-u;
1.112     pazsan    371: ,if (olddiff>u) {
1.1       anton     372: ,)
                    373: 
1.68      anton     374: condbranch((s+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth    paren_symmetric_plus_loop,
1.1       anton     375: ""The run-time procedure compiled by S+LOOP. It loops until the index
                    376: crosses the boundary between limit and limit-sign(n). I.e. a symmetric
                    377: version of (+LOOP).""
                    378: /* !! check this thoroughly */
1.65      anton     379: Cell diff = n1-nlimit;
1.1       anton     380: Cell newdiff = diff+n;
                    381: if (n<0) {
                    382:     diff = -diff;
                    383:     newdiff = -newdiff;
                    384: }
1.65      anton     385: n2=n1+n;
1.112     pazsan    386: ,if (diff>=0 || newdiff<0) {
1.1       anton     387: ,)
                    388: 
1.15      pazsan    389: \+
1.1       anton     390: 
1.112     pazsan    391: (for)   ( ncount -- R:nlimit R:ncount )         cmFORTH         paren_for
1.1       anton     392: /* or (for) = >r -- collides with unloop! */
1.65      anton     393: nlimit=0;
1.1       anton     394: :
                    395:  r> swap 0 >r >r >r ;
                    396: 
1.112     pazsan    397: (do)    ( nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart )  gforth          paren_do
1.1       anton     398: :
                    399:  r> swap rot >r >r >r ;
                    400: 
1.112     pazsan    401: (?do) ( #a_target nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart ) gforth  paren_question_do
                    402: #ifdef NO_IP
                    403:     INST_TAIL;
                    404: #endif
1.1       anton     405: if (nstart == nlimit) {
1.112     pazsan    406: #ifdef NO_IP
                    407:     JUMP(a_target);
                    408: #else
                    409:     SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    410:     INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    411: #endif
1.1       anton     412: }
1.87      anton     413: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     414: :
                    415:   2dup =
                    416:   IF   r> swap rot >r >r
1.112     pazsan    417:        @ >r
1.1       anton     418:   ELSE r> swap rot >r >r
                    419:        cell+ >r
                    420:   THEN ;                               \ --> CORE-EXT
                    421: 
1.15      pazsan    422: \+xconds
1.1       anton     423: 
1.112     pazsan    424: (+do)  ( #a_target nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart ) gforth paren_plus_do
                    425: #ifdef NO_IP
                    426:     INST_TAIL;
                    427: #endif
1.1       anton     428: if (nstart >= nlimit) {
1.112     pazsan    429: #ifdef NO_IP
                    430:     JUMP(a_target);
                    431: #else
                    432:     SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    433:     INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    434: #endif
1.1       anton     435: }
1.87      anton     436: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     437: :
                    438:  swap 2dup
                    439:  r> swap >r swap >r
                    440:  >=
                    441:  IF
1.112     pazsan    442:      @
1.1       anton     443:  ELSE
                    444:      cell+
                    445:  THEN  >r ;
                    446: 
1.112     pazsan    447: (u+do) ( #a_target ulimit ustart -- R:ulimit R:ustart ) gforth paren_u_plus_do
                    448: #ifdef NO_IP
                    449:     INST_TAIL;
                    450: #endif
1.1       anton     451: if (ustart >= ulimit) {
1.112     pazsan    452: #ifdef NO_IP
                    453: JUMP(a_target);
                    454: #else
                    455: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    456: INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    457: #endif
1.1       anton     458: }
1.87      anton     459: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     460: :
                    461:  swap 2dup
                    462:  r> swap >r swap >r
                    463:  u>=
                    464:  IF
1.112     pazsan    465:      @
1.1       anton     466:  ELSE
                    467:      cell+
                    468:  THEN  >r ;
                    469: 
1.112     pazsan    470: (-do)  ( #a_target nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart ) gforth paren_minus_do
                    471: #ifdef NO_IP
                    472:     INST_TAIL;
                    473: #endif
1.1       anton     474: if (nstart <= nlimit) {
1.112     pazsan    475: #ifdef NO_IP
                    476: JUMP(a_target);
                    477: #else
                    478: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    479: INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    480: #endif
1.1       anton     481: }
1.87      anton     482: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     483: :
                    484:  swap 2dup
                    485:  r> swap >r swap >r
                    486:  <=
                    487:  IF
1.112     pazsan    488:      @
1.1       anton     489:  ELSE
                    490:      cell+
                    491:  THEN  >r ;
                    492: 
1.112     pazsan    493: (u-do) ( #a_target ulimit ustart -- R:ulimit R:ustart ) gforth paren_u_minus_do
                    494: #ifdef NO_IP
                    495:     INST_TAIL;
                    496: #endif
1.1       anton     497: if (ustart <= ulimit) {
1.112     pazsan    498: #ifdef NO_IP
                    499: JUMP(a_target);
                    500: #else
                    501: SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
                    502: INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;
                    503: #endif
1.1       anton     504: }
1.87      anton     505: SUPER_CONTINUE;
1.1       anton     506: :
                    507:  swap 2dup
                    508:  r> swap >r swap >r
                    509:  u<=
                    510:  IF
1.112     pazsan    511:      @
1.1       anton     512:  ELSE
                    513:      cell+
                    514:  THEN  >r ;
                    515: 
1.15      pazsan    516: \+
1.1       anton     517: 
1.5       jwilke    518: \ don't make any assumptions where the return stack is!!
                    519: \ implement this in machine code if it should run quickly!
                    520: 
1.65      anton     521: i      ( R:n -- R:n n )                core
1.1       anton     522: :
1.5       jwilke    523: \ rp@ cell+ @ ;
                    524:   r> r> tuck >r >r ;
1.1       anton     525: 
1.65      anton     526: i'     ( R:w R:w2 -- R:w R:w2 w )              gforth          i_tick
1.1       anton     527: :
1.5       jwilke    528: \ rp@ cell+ cell+ @ ;
                    529:   r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r itmp @ ;
                    530: variable itmp
1.1       anton     531: 
1.65      anton     532: j      ( R:n R:d1 -- n R:n R:d1 )              core
1.1       anton     533: :
1.5       jwilke    534: \ rp@ cell+ cell+ cell+ @ ;
                    535:   r> r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r >r itmp @ ;
                    536: [IFUNDEF] itmp variable itmp [THEN]
1.1       anton     537: 
1.65      anton     538: k      ( R:n R:d1 R:d2 -- n R:n R:d1 R:d2 )            gforth
1.1       anton     539: :
1.5       jwilke    540: \ rp@ [ 5 cells ] Literal + @ ;
                    541:   r> r> r> r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r >r >r >r itmp @ ;
                    542: [IFUNDEF] itmp variable itmp [THEN]
1.31      jwilke    543: 
                    544: \f[THEN]
1.1       anton     545: 
                    546: \ digit is high-level: 0/0%
                    547: 
1.83      pazsan    548: \g strings
                    549: 
1.47      anton     550: move   ( c_from c_to ucount -- )               core
1.52      anton     551: ""Copy the contents of @i{ucount} aus at @i{c-from} to
1.33      anton     552: @i{c-to}. @code{move} works correctly even if the two areas overlap.""
1.52      anton     553: /* !! note that the standard specifies addr, not c-addr */
1.1       anton     554: memmove(c_to,c_from,ucount);
                    555: /* make an Ifdef for bsd and others? */
                    556: :
                    557:  >r 2dup u< IF r> cmove> ELSE r> cmove THEN ;
                    558: 
1.47      anton     559: cmove  ( c_from c_to u -- )    string  c_move
1.33      anton     560: ""Copy the contents of @i{ucount} characters from data space at
                    561: @i{c-from} to @i{c-to}. The copy proceeds @code{char}-by-@code{char}
                    562: from low address to high address; i.e., for overlapping areas it is
                    563: safe if @i{c-to}=<@i{c-from}.""
1.125     anton     564: cmove(c_from,c_to,u);
1.1       anton     565: :
                    566:  bounds ?DO  dup c@ I c! 1+  LOOP  drop ;
                    567: 
1.47      anton     568: cmove> ( c_from c_to u -- )    string  c_move_up
1.33      anton     569: ""Copy the contents of @i{ucount} characters from data space at
                    570: @i{c-from} to @i{c-to}. The copy proceeds @code{char}-by-@code{char}
                    571: from high address to low address; i.e., for overlapping areas it is
                    572: safe if @i{c-to}>=@i{c-from}.""
1.125     anton     573: cmove_up(c_from,c_to,u);
1.1       anton     574: :
                    575:  dup 0= IF  drop 2drop exit  THEN
                    576:  rot over + -rot bounds swap 1-
                    577:  DO  1- dup c@ I c!  -1 +LOOP  drop ;
                    578: 
1.47      anton     579: fill   ( c_addr u c -- )       core
1.52      anton     580: ""Store @i{c} in @i{u} chars starting at @i{c-addr}.""
1.1       anton     581: memset(c_addr,c,u);
                    582: :
                    583:  -rot bounds
                    584:  ?DO  dup I c!  LOOP  drop ;
                    585: 
1.47      anton     586: compare        ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- n )  string
1.29      crook     587: ""Compare two strings lexicographically. If they are equal, @i{n} is 0; if
                    588: the first string is smaller, @i{n} is -1; if the first string is larger, @i{n}
1.1       anton     589: is 1. Currently this is based on the machine's character
1.26      crook     590: comparison. In the future, this may change to consider the current
1.1       anton     591: locale and its collation order.""
1.46      pazsan    592: /* close ' to keep fontify happy */ 
1.125     anton     593: n = compare(c_addr1, u1, c_addr2, u2);
1.1       anton     594: :
1.43      pazsan    595:  rot 2dup swap - >r min swap -text dup
                    596:  IF  rdrop  ELSE  drop r> sgn  THEN ;
                    597: : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
                    598:  dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
1.1       anton     599: 
1.125     anton     600: \ -text is only used by replaced primitives now; move it elsewhere
                    601: \ -text        ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )      new     dash_text
                    602: \ n = memcmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u);
                    603: \ if (n<0)
                    604: \   n = -1;
                    605: \ else if (n>0)
                    606: \   n = 1;
                    607: \ :
                    608: \  swap bounds
                    609: \  ?DO  dup c@ I c@ = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
                    610: \  ELSE  c@ I c@ - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
                    611: \ : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
                    612: \  dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
1.1       anton     613: 
1.47      anton     614: toupper        ( c1 -- c2 )    gforth
1.29      crook     615: ""If @i{c1} is a lower-case character (in the current locale), @i{c2}
1.25      anton     616: is the equivalent upper-case character. All other characters are unchanged.""
1.1       anton     617: c2 = toupper(c1);
                    618: :
                    619:  dup [char] a - [ char z char a - 1 + ] Literal u<  bl and - ;
                    620: 
1.47      anton     621: /string        ( c_addr1 u1 n -- c_addr2 u2 )  string  slash_string
1.29      crook     622: ""Adjust the string specified by @i{c-addr1, u1} to remove @i{n}
1.27      crook     623: characters from the start of the string.""
1.1       anton     624: c_addr2 = c_addr1+n;
                    625: u2 = u1-n;
                    626: :
                    627:  tuck - >r + r> dup 0< IF  - 0  THEN ;
                    628: 
1.83      pazsan    629: \g arith
                    630: 
1.112     pazsan    631: lit    ( #w -- w )             gforth
                    632: :
                    633:  r> dup @ swap cell+ >r ;
                    634: 
1.47      anton     635: +      ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    plus
1.1       anton     636: n = n1+n2;
                    637: 
1.112     pazsan    638: \ lit+ / lit_plus = lit +
                    639: 
                    640: lit+   ( n1 #n2 -- n )         new     lit_plus
                    641: n=n1+n2;
                    642: 
1.1       anton     643: \ PFE-0.9.14 has it differently, but the next release will have it as follows
1.47      anton     644: under+ ( n1 n2 n3 -- n n2 )    gforth  under_plus
1.29      crook     645: ""add @i{n3} to @i{n1} (giving @i{n})""
1.1       anton     646: n = n1+n3;
                    647: :
                    648:  rot + swap ;
                    649: 
1.47      anton     650: -      ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    minus
1.1       anton     651: n = n1-n2;
                    652: :
                    653:  negate + ;
                    654: 
1.47      anton     655: negate ( n1 -- n2 )            core
1.1       anton     656: /* use minus as alias */
                    657: n2 = -n1;
                    658: :
                    659:  invert 1+ ;
                    660: 
1.47      anton     661: 1+     ( n1 -- n2 )            core            one_plus
1.1       anton     662: n2 = n1+1;
                    663: :
                    664:  1 + ;
                    665: 
1.47      anton     666: 1-     ( n1 -- n2 )            core            one_minus
1.1       anton     667: n2 = n1-1;
                    668: :
                    669:  1 - ;
                    670: 
1.47      anton     671: max    ( n1 n2 -- n )  core
1.1       anton     672: if (n1<n2)
                    673:   n = n2;
                    674: else
                    675:   n = n1;
                    676: :
                    677:  2dup < IF swap THEN drop ;
                    678: 
1.47      anton     679: min    ( n1 n2 -- n )  core
1.1       anton     680: if (n1<n2)
                    681:   n = n1;
                    682: else
                    683:   n = n2;
                    684: :
                    685:  2dup > IF swap THEN drop ;
                    686: 
1.52      anton     687: abs    ( n -- u )      core
                    688: if (n<0)
                    689:   u = -n;
1.1       anton     690: else
1.52      anton     691:   u = n;
1.1       anton     692: :
                    693:  dup 0< IF negate THEN ;
                    694: 
1.47      anton     695: *      ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    star
1.1       anton     696: n = n1*n2;
                    697: :
                    698:  um* drop ;
                    699: 
1.47      anton     700: /      ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    slash
1.1       anton     701: n = n1/n2;
                    702: :
                    703:  /mod nip ;
                    704: 
1.47      anton     705: mod    ( n1 n2 -- n )          core
1.1       anton     706: n = n1%n2;
                    707: :
                    708:  /mod drop ;
                    709: 
1.47      anton     710: /mod   ( n1 n2 -- n3 n4 )              core            slash_mod
1.1       anton     711: n4 = n1/n2;
                    712: n3 = n1%n2; /* !! is this correct? look into C standard! */
                    713: :
                    714:  >r s>d r> fm/mod ;
                    715: 
1.47      anton     716: 2*     ( n1 -- n2 )            core            two_star
1.52      anton     717: ""Shift left by 1; also works on unsigned numbers""
1.1       anton     718: n2 = 2*n1;
                    719: :
                    720:  dup + ;
                    721: 
1.47      anton     722: 2/     ( n1 -- n2 )            core            two_slash
1.52      anton     723: ""Arithmetic shift right by 1.  For signed numbers this is a floored
                    724: division by 2 (note that @code{/} not necessarily floors).""
1.1       anton     725: n2 = n1>>1;
                    726: :
                    727:  dup MINI and IF 1 ELSE 0 THEN
                    728:  [ bits/byte cell * 1- ] literal 
1.5       jwilke    729:  0 DO 2* swap dup 2* >r MINI and 
1.1       anton     730:      IF 1 ELSE 0 THEN or r> swap
                    731:  LOOP nip ;
                    732: 
1.47      anton     733: fm/mod ( d1 n1 -- n2 n3 )              core            f_m_slash_mod
1.29      crook     734: ""Floored division: @i{d1} = @i{n3}*@i{n1}+@i{n2}, @i{n1}>@i{n2}>=0 or 0>=@i{n2}>@i{n1}.""
1.1       anton     735: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    736: DCell r = fmdiv(d1,n1);
                    737: n2=r.hi;
                    738: n3=r.lo;
                    739: #else
                    740: /* assumes that the processor uses either floored or symmetric division */
                    741: n3 = d1/n1;
                    742: n2 = d1%n1;
                    743: /* note that this 1%-3>0 is optimized by the compiler */
                    744: if (1%-3>0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) {
                    745:   n3--;
                    746:   n2+=n1;
                    747: }
                    748: #endif
                    749: :
                    750:  dup >r dup 0< IF  negate >r dnegate r>  THEN
                    751:  over       0< IF  tuck + swap  THEN
                    752:  um/mod
                    753:  r> 0< IF  swap negate swap  THEN ;
                    754: 
1.47      anton     755: sm/rem ( d1 n1 -- n2 n3 )              core            s_m_slash_rem
1.29      crook     756: ""Symmetric division: @i{d1} = @i{n3}*@i{n1}+@i{n2}, sign(@i{n2})=sign(@i{d1}) or 0.""
1.1       anton     757: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    758: DCell r = smdiv(d1,n1);
                    759: n2=r.hi;
                    760: n3=r.lo;
                    761: #else
                    762: /* assumes that the processor uses either floored or symmetric division */
                    763: n3 = d1/n1;
                    764: n2 = d1%n1;
                    765: /* note that this 1%-3<0 is optimized by the compiler */
                    766: if (1%-3<0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) {
                    767:   n3++;
                    768:   n2-=n1;
                    769: }
                    770: #endif
                    771: :
                    772:  over >r dup >r abs -rot
                    773:  dabs rot um/mod
                    774:  r> r@ xor 0< IF       negate       THEN
                    775:  r>        0< IF  swap negate swap  THEN ;
                    776: 
1.47      anton     777: m*     ( n1 n2 -- d )          core    m_star
1.1       anton     778: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    779: d = mmul(n1,n2);
                    780: #else
                    781: d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2;
                    782: #endif
                    783: :
                    784:  2dup      0< and >r
                    785:  2dup swap 0< and >r
                    786:  um* r> - r> - ;
                    787: 
1.47      anton     788: um*    ( u1 u2 -- ud )         core    u_m_star
1.1       anton     789: /* use u* as alias */
                    790: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    791: ud = ummul(u1,u2);
                    792: #else
                    793: ud = (UDCell)u1 * (UDCell)u2;
                    794: #endif
                    795: :
1.137     pazsan    796:    0 -rot dup [ 8 cells ] literal -
1.1       anton     797:    DO
1.137     pazsan    798:        dup 0< I' and d2*+ drop
                    799:    LOOP ;
1.1       anton     800: : d2*+ ( ud n -- ud+n c )
                    801:    over MINI
                    802:    and >r >r 2dup d+ swap r> + swap r> ;
                    803: 
1.47      anton     804: um/mod ( ud u1 -- u2 u3 )              core    u_m_slash_mod
1.32      anton     805: ""ud=u3*u1+u2, u1>u2>=0""
1.1       anton     806: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    807: UDCell r = umdiv(ud,u1);
                    808: u2=r.hi;
                    809: u3=r.lo;
                    810: #else
                    811: u3 = ud/u1;
                    812: u2 = ud%u1;
                    813: #endif
                    814: :
                    815:    0 swap [ 8 cells 1 + ] literal 0
1.5       jwilke    816:    ?DO /modstep
1.1       anton     817:    LOOP drop swap 1 rshift or swap ;
                    818: : /modstep ( ud c R: u -- ud-?u c R: u )
1.5       jwilke    819:    >r over r@ u< 0= or IF r@ - 1 ELSE 0 THEN  d2*+ r> ;
1.1       anton     820: : d2*+ ( ud n -- ud+n c )
                    821:    over MINI
                    822:    and >r >r 2dup d+ swap r> + swap r> ;
                    823: 
1.47      anton     824: m+     ( d1 n -- d2 )          double          m_plus
1.1       anton     825: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    826: d2.lo = d1.lo+n;
                    827: d2.hi = d1.hi - (n<0) + (d2.lo<d1.lo);
                    828: #else
                    829: d2 = d1+n;
                    830: #endif
                    831: :
                    832:  s>d d+ ;
                    833: 
1.47      anton     834: d+     ( d1 d2 -- d )          double  d_plus
1.1       anton     835: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    836: d.lo = d1.lo+d2.lo;
                    837: d.hi = d1.hi + d2.hi + (d.lo<d1.lo);
                    838: #else
                    839: d = d1+d2;
                    840: #endif
                    841: :
                    842:  rot + >r tuck + swap over u> r> swap - ;
                    843: 
1.47      anton     844: d-     ( d1 d2 -- d )          double          d_minus
1.1       anton     845: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    846: d.lo = d1.lo - d2.lo;
                    847: d.hi = d1.hi-d2.hi-(d1.lo<d2.lo);
                    848: #else
                    849: d = d1-d2;
                    850: #endif
                    851: :
                    852:  dnegate d+ ;
                    853: 
1.47      anton     854: dnegate        ( d1 -- d2 )            double  d_negate
1.1       anton     855: /* use dminus as alias */
                    856: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    857: d2 = dnegate(d1);
                    858: #else
                    859: d2 = -d1;
                    860: #endif
                    861: :
                    862:  invert swap negate tuck 0= - ;
                    863: 
1.47      anton     864: d2*    ( d1 -- d2 )            double          d_two_star
1.52      anton     865: ""Shift left by 1; also works on unsigned numbers""
1.1       anton     866: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    867: d2.lo = d1.lo<<1;
                    868: d2.hi = (d1.hi<<1) | (d1.lo>>(CELL_BITS-1));
                    869: #else
                    870: d2 = 2*d1;
                    871: #endif
                    872: :
                    873:  2dup d+ ;
                    874: 
1.47      anton     875: d2/    ( d1 -- d2 )            double          d_two_slash
1.52      anton     876: ""Arithmetic shift right by 1.  For signed numbers this is a floored
                    877: division by 2.""
1.1       anton     878: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    879: d2.hi = d1.hi>>1;
                    880: d2.lo= (d1.lo>>1) | (d1.hi<<(CELL_BITS-1));
                    881: #else
                    882: d2 = d1>>1;
                    883: #endif
                    884: :
                    885:  dup 1 and >r 2/ swap 2/ [ 1 8 cells 1- lshift 1- ] Literal and
                    886:  r> IF  [ 1 8 cells 1- lshift ] Literal + THEN  swap ;
                    887: 
1.47      anton     888: and    ( w1 w2 -- w )          core
1.1       anton     889: w = w1&w2;
                    890: 
1.47      anton     891: or     ( w1 w2 -- w )          core
1.1       anton     892: w = w1|w2;
                    893: :
                    894:  invert swap invert and invert ;
                    895: 
1.47      anton     896: xor    ( w1 w2 -- w )          core    x_or
1.1       anton     897: w = w1^w2;
                    898: 
1.47      anton     899: invert ( w1 -- w2 )            core
1.1       anton     900: w2 = ~w1;
                    901: :
                    902:  MAXU xor ;
                    903: 
1.47      anton     904: rshift ( u1 n -- u2 )          core    r_shift
1.53      anton     905: ""Logical shift right by @i{n} bits.""
1.1       anton     906:   u2 = u1>>n;
                    907: :
                    908:     0 ?DO 2/ MAXI and LOOP ;
                    909: 
1.47      anton     910: lshift ( u1 n -- u2 )          core    l_shift
1.1       anton     911:   u2 = u1<<n;
                    912: :
                    913:     0 ?DO 2* LOOP ;
                    914: 
1.110     pazsan    915: \g compare
                    916: 
1.1       anton     917: \ comparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)
                    918: define(comparisons,
1.47      anton     919: $1=    ( $2 -- f )             $6      $3equals
1.1       anton     920: f = FLAG($4==$5);
                    921: :
                    922:     [ char $1x char 0 = [IF]
                    923:        ] IF false ELSE true THEN [
                    924:     [ELSE]
                    925:        ] xor 0= [
                    926:     [THEN] ] ;
                    927: 
1.47      anton     928: $1<>   ( $2 -- f )             $7      $3not_equals
1.1       anton     929: f = FLAG($4!=$5);
                    930: :
                    931:     [ char $1x char 0 = [IF]
                    932:        ] IF true ELSE false THEN [
                    933:     [ELSE]
                    934:        ] xor 0<> [
                    935:     [THEN] ] ;
                    936: 
1.47      anton     937: $1<    ( $2 -- f )             $8      $3less_than
1.1       anton     938: f = FLAG($4<$5);
                    939: :
                    940:     [ char $1x char 0 = [IF]
                    941:        ] MINI and 0<> [
                    942:     [ELSE] char $1x char u = [IF]
                    943:        ]   2dup xor 0<  IF nip ELSE - THEN 0<  [
                    944:        [ELSE]
                    945:            ] MINI xor >r MINI xor r> u< [
                    946:        [THEN]
                    947:     [THEN] ] ;
                    948: 
1.47      anton     949: $1>    ( $2 -- f )             $9      $3greater_than
1.1       anton     950: f = FLAG($4>$5);
                    951: :
                    952:     [ char $1x char 0 = [IF] ] negate [ [ELSE] ] swap [ [THEN] ]
                    953:     $1< ;
                    954: 
1.47      anton     955: $1<=   ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3less_or_equal
1.1       anton     956: f = FLAG($4<=$5);
                    957: :
                    958:     $1> 0= ;
                    959: 
1.47      anton     960: $1>=   ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3greater_or_equal
1.1       anton     961: f = FLAG($4>=$5);
                    962: :
                    963:     [ char $1x char 0 = [IF] ] negate [ [ELSE] ] swap [ [THEN] ]
                    964:     $1<= ;
                    965: 
                    966: )
                    967: 
                    968: comparisons(0, n, zero_, n, 0, core, core-ext, core, core-ext)
                    969: comparisons(, n1 n2, , n1, n2, core, core-ext, core, core)
                    970: comparisons(u, u1 u2, u_, u1, u2, gforth, gforth, core, core-ext)
                    971: 
                    972: \ dcomparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)
                    973: define(dcomparisons,
1.47      anton     974: $1=    ( $2 -- f )             $6      $3equals
1.1       anton     975: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    976: f = FLAG($4.lo==$5.lo && $4.hi==$5.hi);
                    977: #else
                    978: f = FLAG($4==$5);
                    979: #endif
                    980: 
1.47      anton     981: $1<>   ( $2 -- f )             $7      $3not_equals
1.1       anton     982: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    983: f = FLAG($4.lo!=$5.lo || $4.hi!=$5.hi);
                    984: #else
                    985: f = FLAG($4!=$5);
                    986: #endif
                    987: 
1.47      anton     988: $1<    ( $2 -- f )             $8      $3less_than
1.1       anton     989: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    990: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<$5.lo : $4.hi<$5.hi);
                    991: #else
                    992: f = FLAG($4<$5);
                    993: #endif
                    994: 
1.47      anton     995: $1>    ( $2 -- f )             $9      $3greater_than
1.1       anton     996: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                    997: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>$5.lo : $4.hi>$5.hi);
                    998: #else
                    999: f = FLAG($4>$5);
                   1000: #endif
                   1001: 
1.47      anton    1002: $1<=   ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3less_or_equal
1.1       anton    1003: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                   1004: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<=$5.lo : $4.hi<=$5.hi);
                   1005: #else
                   1006: f = FLAG($4<=$5);
                   1007: #endif
                   1008: 
1.47      anton    1009: $1>=   ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3greater_or_equal
1.1       anton    1010: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                   1011: f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>=$5.lo : $4.hi>=$5.hi);
                   1012: #else
                   1013: f = FLAG($4>=$5);
                   1014: #endif
                   1015: 
                   1016: )
                   1017: 
1.15      pazsan   1018: \+dcomps
1.1       anton    1019: 
                   1020: dcomparisons(d, d1 d2, d_, d1, d2, double, gforth, double, gforth)
                   1021: dcomparisons(d0, d, d_zero_, d, DZERO, double, gforth, double, gforth)
                   1022: dcomparisons(du, ud1 ud2, d_u_, ud1, ud2, gforth, gforth, double-ext, gforth)
                   1023: 
1.15      pazsan   1024: \+
1.1       anton    1025: 
1.47      anton    1026: within ( u1 u2 u3 -- f )               core-ext
1.32      anton    1027: ""u2=<u1<u3 or: u3=<u2 and u1 is not in [u3,u2).  This works for
                   1028: unsigned and signed numbers (but not a mixture).  Another way to think
                   1029: about this word is to consider the numbers as a circle (wrapping
                   1030: around from @code{max-u} to 0 for unsigned, and from @code{max-n} to
                   1031: min-n for signed numbers); now consider the range from u2 towards
                   1032: increasing numbers up to and excluding u3 (giving an empty range if
1.52      anton    1033: u2=u3); if u1 is in this range, @code{within} returns true.""
1.1       anton    1034: f = FLAG(u1-u2 < u3-u2);
                   1035: :
                   1036:  over - >r - r> u< ;
                   1037: 
1.112     pazsan   1038: \g stack
                   1039: 
                   1040: useraddr       ( #u -- a_addr )        new
                   1041: a_addr = (Cell *)(up+u);
                   1042: 
                   1043: up!    ( a_addr -- )   gforth  up_store
                   1044: UP=up=(char *)a_addr;
                   1045: :
                   1046:  up ! ;
                   1047: Variable UP
                   1048: 
1.47      anton    1049: sp@    ( -- a_addr )           gforth          sp_fetch
1.1       anton    1050: a_addr = sp+1;
                   1051: 
1.47      anton    1052: sp!    ( a_addr -- )           gforth          sp_store
1.1       anton    1053: sp = a_addr;
1.64      anton    1054: /* works with and without spTOS caching */
1.1       anton    1055: 
1.47      anton    1056: rp@    ( -- a_addr )           gforth          rp_fetch
1.1       anton    1057: a_addr = rp;
                   1058: 
1.47      anton    1059: rp!    ( a_addr -- )           gforth          rp_store
1.1       anton    1060: rp = a_addr;
                   1061: 
1.15      pazsan   1062: \+floating
1.1       anton    1063: 
1.47      anton    1064: fp@    ( -- f_addr )   gforth  fp_fetch
1.1       anton    1065: f_addr = fp;
                   1066: 
1.47      anton    1067: fp!    ( f_addr -- )   gforth  fp_store
1.1       anton    1068: fp = f_addr;
                   1069: 
1.15      pazsan   1070: \+
1.1       anton    1071: 
1.65      anton    1072: >r     ( w -- R:w )            core    to_r
1.1       anton    1073: :
                   1074:  (>r) ;
                   1075: : (>r)  rp@ cell+ @ rp@ ! rp@ cell+ ! ;
                   1076: 
1.65      anton    1077: r>     ( R:w -- w )            core    r_from
1.1       anton    1078: :
                   1079:  rp@ cell+ @ rp@ @ rp@ cell+ ! (rdrop) rp@ ! ;
                   1080: Create (rdrop) ' ;s A,
                   1081: 
1.65      anton    1082: rdrop  ( R:w -- )              gforth
1.1       anton    1083: :
                   1084:  r> r> drop >r ;
                   1085: 
1.136     pazsan   1086: 2>r    ( d -- R:d )    core-ext        two_to_r
1.1       anton    1087: :
                   1088:  swap r> swap >r swap >r >r ;
                   1089: 
1.136     pazsan   1090: 2r>    ( R:d -- d )    core-ext        two_r_from
1.1       anton    1091: :
                   1092:  r> r> swap r> swap >r swap ;
                   1093: 
1.136     pazsan   1094: 2r@    ( R:d -- R:d d )        core-ext        two_r_fetch
1.1       anton    1095: :
                   1096:  i' j ;
                   1097: 
1.136     pazsan   1098: 2rdrop ( R:d -- )              gforth  two_r_drop
1.1       anton    1099: :
                   1100:  r> r> drop r> drop >r ;
                   1101: 
1.47      anton    1102: over   ( w1 w2 -- w1 w2 w1 )           core
1.1       anton    1103: :
                   1104:  sp@ cell+ @ ;
                   1105: 
1.47      anton    1106: drop   ( w -- )                core
1.1       anton    1107: :
                   1108:  IF THEN ;
                   1109: 
1.47      anton    1110: swap   ( w1 w2 -- w2 w1 )              core
1.1       anton    1111: :
                   1112:  >r (swap) ! r> (swap) @ ;
                   1113: Variable (swap)
                   1114: 
1.47      anton    1115: dup    ( w -- w w )            core    dupe
1.1       anton    1116: :
                   1117:  sp@ @ ;
                   1118: 
1.47      anton    1119: rot    ( w1 w2 w3 -- w2 w3 w1 )        core    rote
1.1       anton    1120: :
                   1121: [ defined? (swap) [IF] ]
                   1122:     (swap) ! (rot) ! >r (rot) @ (swap) @ r> ;
                   1123: Variable (rot)
                   1124: [ELSE] ]
                   1125:     >r swap r> swap ;
                   1126: [THEN]
                   1127: 
1.47      anton    1128: -rot   ( w1 w2 w3 -- w3 w1 w2 )        gforth  not_rote
1.1       anton    1129: :
                   1130:  rot rot ;
                   1131: 
1.47      anton    1132: nip    ( w1 w2 -- w2 )         core-ext
1.1       anton    1133: :
1.6       jwilke   1134:  swap drop ;
1.1       anton    1135: 
1.47      anton    1136: tuck   ( w1 w2 -- w2 w1 w2 )   core-ext
1.1       anton    1137: :
                   1138:  swap over ;
                   1139: 
1.47      anton    1140: ?dup   ( w -- w )                      core    question_dupe
1.52      anton    1141: ""Actually the stack effect is: @code{( w -- 0 | w w )}.  It performs a
                   1142: @code{dup} if w is nonzero.""
1.1       anton    1143: if (w!=0) {
1.64      anton    1144:   IF_spTOS(*sp-- = w;)
1.1       anton    1145: #ifndef USE_TOS
                   1146:   *--sp = w;
                   1147: #endif
                   1148: }
                   1149: :
                   1150:  dup IF dup THEN ;
                   1151: 
1.47      anton    1152: pick   ( u -- w )                      core-ext
1.52      anton    1153: ""Actually the stack effect is @code{ x0 ... xu u -- x0 ... xu x0 }.""
1.1       anton    1154: w = sp[u+1];
                   1155: :
                   1156:  1+ cells sp@ + @ ;
                   1157: 
1.47      anton    1158: 2drop  ( w1 w2 -- )            core    two_drop
1.1       anton    1159: :
                   1160:  drop drop ;
                   1161: 
1.47      anton    1162: 2dup   ( w1 w2 -- w1 w2 w1 w2 )        core    two_dupe
1.1       anton    1163: :
                   1164:  over over ;
                   1165: 
1.47      anton    1166: 2over  ( w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w1 w2 w3 w4 w1 w2 )    core    two_over
1.1       anton    1167: :
                   1168:  3 pick 3 pick ;
                   1169: 
1.47      anton    1170: 2swap  ( w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w3 w4 w1 w2 )  core    two_swap
1.1       anton    1171: :
                   1172:  rot >r rot r> ;
                   1173: 
1.47      anton    1174: 2rot   ( w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 -- w3 w4 w5 w6 w1 w2 )      double-ext      two_rote
1.1       anton    1175: :
                   1176:  >r >r 2swap r> r> 2swap ;
                   1177: 
1.47      anton    1178: 2nip   ( w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w3 w4 )        gforth  two_nip
1.1       anton    1179: :
                   1180:  2swap 2drop ;
                   1181: 
1.47      anton    1182: 2tuck  ( w1 w2 w3 w4 -- w3 w4 w1 w2 w3 w4 )    gforth  two_tuck
1.1       anton    1183: :
                   1184:  2swap 2over ;
                   1185: 
                   1186: \ toggle is high-level: 0.11/0.42%
                   1187: 
1.110     pazsan   1188: \g memory
                   1189: 
1.47      anton    1190: @      ( a_addr -- w )         core    fetch
1.52      anton    1191: ""@i{w} is the cell stored at @i{a_addr}.""
1.1       anton    1192: w = *a_addr;
                   1193: 
1.112     pazsan   1194: \ lit@ / lit_fetch = lit @
                   1195: 
                   1196: lit@           ( #a_addr -- w ) new    lit_fetch
                   1197: w = *a_addr;
                   1198: 
1.47      anton    1199: !      ( w a_addr -- )         core    store
1.52      anton    1200: ""Store @i{w} into the cell at @i{a-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1201: *a_addr = w;
                   1202: 
1.47      anton    1203: +!     ( n a_addr -- )         core    plus_store
1.52      anton    1204: ""Add @i{n} to the cell at @i{a-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1205: *a_addr += n;
                   1206: :
                   1207:  tuck @ + swap ! ;
                   1208: 
1.47      anton    1209: c@     ( c_addr -- c )         core    c_fetch
1.52      anton    1210: ""@i{c} is the char stored at @i{c_addr}.""
1.1       anton    1211: c = *c_addr;
                   1212: :
                   1213: [ bigendian [IF] ]
                   1214:     [ cell>bit 4 = [IF] ]
                   1215:        dup [ 0 cell - ] Literal and @ swap 1 and
                   1216:        IF  $FF and  ELSE  8>>  THEN  ;
                   1217:     [ [ELSE] ]
                   1218:        dup [ cell 1- ] literal and
                   1219:        tuck - @ swap [ cell 1- ] literal xor
                   1220:        0 ?DO 8>> LOOP $FF and
                   1221:     [ [THEN] ]
                   1222: [ [ELSE] ]
                   1223:     [ cell>bit 4 = [IF] ]
                   1224:        dup [ 0 cell - ] Literal and @ swap 1 and
                   1225:        IF  8>>  ELSE  $FF and  THEN
                   1226:     [ [ELSE] ]
                   1227:        dup [ cell  1- ] literal and 
                   1228:        tuck - @ swap
                   1229:        0 ?DO 8>> LOOP 255 and
                   1230:     [ [THEN] ]
                   1231: [ [THEN] ]
                   1232: ;
                   1233: : 8>> 2/ 2/ 2/ 2/  2/ 2/ 2/ 2/ ;
                   1234: 
1.47      anton    1235: c!     ( c c_addr -- )         core    c_store
1.52      anton    1236: ""Store @i{c} into the char at @i{c-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1237: *c_addr = c;
                   1238: :
                   1239: [ bigendian [IF] ]
                   1240:     [ cell>bit 4 = [IF] ]
                   1241:        tuck 1 and IF  $FF and  ELSE  8<<  THEN >r
                   1242:        dup -2 and @ over 1 and cells masks + @ and
                   1243:        r> or swap -2 and ! ;
                   1244:        Create masks $00FF , $FF00 ,
                   1245:     [ELSE] ]
                   1246:        dup [ cell 1- ] literal and dup 
                   1247:        [ cell 1- ] literal xor >r
                   1248:        - dup @ $FF r@ 0 ?DO 8<< LOOP invert and
                   1249:        rot $FF and r> 0 ?DO 8<< LOOP or swap ! ;
                   1250:     [THEN]
                   1251: [ELSE] ]
                   1252:     [ cell>bit 4 = [IF] ]
                   1253:        tuck 1 and IF  8<<  ELSE  $FF and  THEN >r
                   1254:        dup -2 and @ over 1 and cells masks + @ and
                   1255:        r> or swap -2 and ! ;
                   1256:        Create masks $FF00 , $00FF ,
                   1257:     [ELSE] ]
                   1258:        dup [ cell 1- ] literal and dup >r
                   1259:        - dup @ $FF r@ 0 ?DO 8<< LOOP invert and
                   1260:        rot $FF and r> 0 ?DO 8<< LOOP or swap ! ;
                   1261:     [THEN]
                   1262: [THEN]
                   1263: : 8<< 2* 2* 2* 2*  2* 2* 2* 2* ;
                   1264: 
1.47      anton    1265: 2!     ( w1 w2 a_addr -- )             core    two_store
1.52      anton    1266: ""Store @i{w2} into the cell at @i{c-addr} and @i{w1} into the next cell.""
1.1       anton    1267: a_addr[0] = w2;
                   1268: a_addr[1] = w1;
                   1269: :
                   1270:  tuck ! cell+ ! ;
                   1271: 
1.47      anton    1272: 2@     ( a_addr -- w1 w2 )             core    two_fetch
1.52      anton    1273: ""@i{w2} is the content of the cell stored at @i{a-addr}, @i{w1} is
                   1274: the content of the next cell.""
1.1       anton    1275: w2 = a_addr[0];
                   1276: w1 = a_addr[1];
                   1277: :
                   1278:  dup cell+ @ swap @ ;
                   1279: 
1.47      anton    1280: cell+  ( a_addr1 -- a_addr2 )  core    cell_plus
1.52      anton    1281: ""@code{1 cells +}""
1.1       anton    1282: a_addr2 = a_addr1+1;
                   1283: :
                   1284:  cell + ;
                   1285: 
1.47      anton    1286: cells  ( n1 -- n2 )            core
1.52      anton    1287: "" @i{n2} is the number of address units of @i{n1} cells.""
1.1       anton    1288: n2 = n1 * sizeof(Cell);
                   1289: :
                   1290:  [ cell
                   1291:  2/ dup [IF] ] 2* [ [THEN]
                   1292:  2/ dup [IF] ] 2* [ [THEN]
                   1293:  2/ dup [IF] ] 2* [ [THEN]
                   1294:  2/ dup [IF] ] 2* [ [THEN]
                   1295:  drop ] ;
                   1296: 
1.47      anton    1297: char+  ( c_addr1 -- c_addr2 )  core    char_plus
1.52      anton    1298: ""@code{1 chars +}.""
1.1       anton    1299: c_addr2 = c_addr1 + 1;
                   1300: :
                   1301:  1+ ;
                   1302: 
1.47      anton    1303: (chars)        ( n1 -- n2 )    gforth  paren_chars
1.1       anton    1304: n2 = n1 * sizeof(Char);
                   1305: :
                   1306:  ;
                   1307: 
1.47      anton    1308: count  ( c_addr1 -- c_addr2 u )        core
1.56      anton    1309: ""@i{c-addr2} is the first character and @i{u} the length of the
                   1310: counted string at @i{c-addr1}.""
1.1       anton    1311: u = *c_addr1;
                   1312: c_addr2 = c_addr1+1;
                   1313: :
                   1314:  dup 1+ swap c@ ;
                   1315: 
1.110     pazsan   1316: \g compiler
                   1317: 
1.138   ! pazsan   1318: \+f83headerstring
        !          1319: 
        !          1320: (f83find)      ( c_addr u f83name1 -- f83name2 )       new     paren_f83find
        !          1321: for (; f83name1 != NULL; f83name1 = (struct F83Name *)(f83name1->next))
        !          1322:   if ((UCell)F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&
        !          1323:       memcasecmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)
        !          1324:     break;
        !          1325: f83name2=f83name1;
        !          1326: :
        !          1327:     BEGIN  dup WHILE  (find-samelen)  dup  WHILE
        !          1328:        >r 2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp  0=
        !          1329:        IF  2drop r>  EXIT  THEN
        !          1330:        r> @
        !          1331:     REPEAT  THEN  nip nip ;
        !          1332: : (find-samelen) ( u f83name1 -- u f83name2/0 )
        !          1333:     BEGIN  2dup cell+ c@ $1F and <> WHILE  @  dup 0= UNTIL  THEN ;
        !          1334: : capscomp ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )
        !          1335:  swap bounds
        !          1336:  ?DO  dup c@ I c@ <>
        !          1337:      IF  dup c@ toupper I c@ toupper =
        !          1338:      ELSE  true  THEN  WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
        !          1339:  ELSE  c@ toupper I c@ toupper - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
        !          1340: : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
        !          1341:  dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
        !          1342: 
        !          1343: \-
        !          1344: 
1.112     pazsan   1345: (listlfind)    ( c_addr u longname1 -- longname2 )     new     paren_listlfind
1.125     anton    1346: longname2=listlfind(c_addr, u, longname1);
1.1       anton    1347: :
1.112     pazsan   1348:     BEGIN  dup WHILE  (findl-samelen)  dup  WHILE
                   1349:        >r 2dup r@ cell+ cell+ capscomp  0=
1.1       anton    1350:        IF  2drop r>  EXIT  THEN
                   1351:        r> @
                   1352:     REPEAT  THEN  nip nip ;
1.112     pazsan   1353: : (findl-samelen) ( u longname1 -- u longname2/0 )
                   1354:     BEGIN  2dup cell+ @ lcount-mask and <> WHILE  @  dup 0= UNTIL  THEN ;
1.1       anton    1355: 
1.15      pazsan   1356: \+hash
1.1       anton    1357: 
1.112     pazsan   1358: (hashlfind)    ( c_addr u a_addr -- longname2 )        new     paren_hashlfind
1.125     anton    1359: longname2 = hashlfind(c_addr, u, a_addr);
1.1       anton    1360: :
                   1361:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE
1.112     pazsan   1362:         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ @ lcount-mask and =
                   1363:         IF  2dup r@ cell+ cell+ capscomp 0=
1.1       anton    1364:            IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN
                   1365:        rdrop r>
                   1366:  REPEAT nip nip ;
                   1367: 
1.112     pazsan   1368: (tablelfind)   ( c_addr u a_addr -- longname2 )        new     paren_tablelfind
1.1       anton    1369: ""A case-sensitive variant of @code{(hashfind)}""
1.125     anton    1370: longname2 = tablelfind(c_addr, u, a_addr);
1.1       anton    1371: :
                   1372:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE
1.112     pazsan   1373:         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ @ lcount-mask and =
                   1374:         IF  2dup r@ cell+ cell+ -text 0=
1.1       anton    1375:            IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN
                   1376:        rdrop r>
                   1377:  REPEAT nip nip ;
1.138   ! pazsan   1378: : -text ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )
        !          1379:  swap bounds
        !          1380:  ?DO  dup c@ I c@ = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
        !          1381:  ELSE  c@ I c@ - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
        !          1382: : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
        !          1383:  dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
1.1       anton    1384: 
1.47      anton    1385: (hashkey1)     ( c_addr u ubits -- ukey )              gforth  paren_hashkey1
1.1       anton    1386: ""ukey is the hash key for the string c_addr u fitting in ubits bits""
1.125     anton    1387: ukey = hashkey1(c_addr, u, ubits);
1.1       anton    1388: :
                   1389:  dup rot-values + c@ over 1 swap lshift 1- >r
                   1390:  tuck - 2swap r> 0 2swap bounds
                   1391:  ?DO  dup 4 pick lshift swap 3 pick rshift or
                   1392:       I c@ toupper xor
                   1393:       over and  LOOP
                   1394:  nip nip nip ;
                   1395: Create rot-values
                   1396:   5 c, 0 c, 1 c, 2 c, 3 c,  4 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,
                   1397:   3 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,  7 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,
                   1398:   7 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,  6 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c, 5 c,
                   1399:   7 c, 5 c, 5 c,
1.138   ! pazsan   1400: 
        !          1401: \+
1.1       anton    1402: 
1.15      pazsan   1403: \+
1.1       anton    1404: 
1.47      anton    1405: (parse-white)  ( c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2 )    gforth  paren_parse_white
1.125     anton    1406: struct Cellpair r=parse_white(c_addr1, u1);
                   1407: c_addr2 = (Char *)(r.n1);
                   1408: u2 = r.n2;
1.1       anton    1409: :
                   1410:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE  over c@ bl <=  WHILE  1 /string
                   1411:  REPEAT  THEN  2dup
                   1412:  BEGIN  dup  WHILE  over c@ bl >   WHILE  1 /string
                   1413:  REPEAT  THEN  nip - ;
                   1414: 
1.47      anton    1415: aligned        ( c_addr -- a_addr )    core
1.29      crook    1416: "" @i{a-addr} is the first aligned address greater than or equal to @i{c-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1417: a_addr = (Cell *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(Cell)-1))&(-sizeof(Cell)));
                   1418: :
                   1419:  [ cell 1- ] Literal + [ -1 cells ] Literal and ;
                   1420: 
1.47      anton    1421: faligned       ( c_addr -- f_addr )    float   f_aligned
1.29      crook    1422: "" @i{f-addr} is the first float-aligned address greater than or equal to @i{c-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1423: f_addr = (Float *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(Float)-1))&(-sizeof(Float)));
                   1424: :
                   1425:  [ 1 floats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 floats ] Literal and ;
                   1426: 
1.35      jwilke   1427: \ threading stuff is currently only interesting if we have a compiler
                   1428: \fhas? standardthreading has? compiler and [IF]
1.47      anton    1429: threading-method       ( -- n )        gforth  threading_method
1.1       anton    1430: ""0 if the engine is direct threaded. Note that this may change during
                   1431: the lifetime of an image.""
                   1432: #if defined(DOUBLY_INDIRECT)
                   1433: n=2;
                   1434: #else
                   1435: # if defined(DIRECT_THREADED)
                   1436: n=0;
                   1437: # else
                   1438: n=1;
                   1439: # endif
                   1440: #endif
                   1441: :
                   1442:  1 ;
1.28      jwilke   1443: 
1.35      jwilke   1444: \f[THEN]
1.1       anton    1445: 
1.83      pazsan   1446: \g hostos
                   1447: 
1.47      anton    1448: key-file       ( wfileid -- n )                gforth  paren_key_file
1.17      pazsan   1449: #ifdef HAS_FILE
1.1       anton    1450: fflush(stdout);
1.12      pazsan   1451: n = key((FILE*)wfileid);
1.17      pazsan   1452: #else
                   1453: n = key(stdin);
                   1454: #endif
1.1       anton    1455: 
1.47      anton    1456: key?-file      ( wfileid -- n )                facility        key_q_file
1.17      pazsan   1457: #ifdef HAS_FILE
1.1       anton    1458: fflush(stdout);
1.12      pazsan   1459: n = key_query((FILE*)wfileid);
1.17      pazsan   1460: #else
                   1461: n = key_query(stdin);
                   1462: #endif
                   1463: 
                   1464: \+os
1.12      pazsan   1465: 
1.47      anton    1466: stdin  ( -- wfileid )  gforth
1.12      pazsan   1467: wfileid = (Cell)stdin;
1.1       anton    1468: 
1.47      anton    1469: stdout ( -- wfileid )  gforth
1.1       anton    1470: wfileid = (Cell)stdout;
                   1471: 
1.47      anton    1472: stderr ( -- wfileid )  gforth
1.1       anton    1473: wfileid = (Cell)stderr;
                   1474: 
1.47      anton    1475: form   ( -- urows ucols )      gforth
1.1       anton    1476: ""The number of lines and columns in the terminal. These numbers may change
                   1477: with the window size.""
                   1478: /* we could block SIGWINCH here to get a consistent size, but I don't
                   1479:  think this is necessary or always beneficial */
                   1480: urows=rows;
                   1481: ucols=cols;
                   1482: 
1.47      anton    1483: flush-icache   ( c_addr u -- ) gforth  flush_icache
1.1       anton    1484: ""Make sure that the instruction cache of the processor (if there is
1.29      crook    1485: one) does not contain stale data at @i{c-addr} and @i{u} bytes
1.1       anton    1486: afterwards. @code{END-CODE} performs a @code{flush-icache}
                   1487: automatically. Caveat: @code{flush-icache} might not work on your
                   1488: installation; this is usually the case if direct threading is not
                   1489: supported on your machine (take a look at your @file{machine.h}) and
                   1490: your machine has a separate instruction cache. In such cases,
                   1491: @code{flush-icache} does nothing instead of flushing the instruction
                   1492: cache.""
                   1493: FLUSH_ICACHE(c_addr,u);
                   1494: 
1.47      anton    1495: (bye)  ( n -- )        gforth  paren_bye
1.77      anton    1496: SUPER_END;
1.1       anton    1497: return (Label *)n;
                   1498: 
1.125     anton    1499: (system)       ( c_addr u -- wretval wior )    gforth  paren_system
1.20      pazsan   1500: #ifndef MSDOS
1.1       anton    1501: int old_tp=terminal_prepped;
                   1502: deprep_terminal();
1.20      pazsan   1503: #endif
1.1       anton    1504: wretval=system(cstr(c_addr,u,1)); /* ~ expansion on first part of string? */
                   1505: wior = IOR(wretval==-1 || (wretval==127 && errno != 0));
1.20      pazsan   1506: #ifndef MSDOS
1.1       anton    1507: if (old_tp)
                   1508:   prep_terminal();
1.20      pazsan   1509: #endif
1.1       anton    1510: 
1.47      anton    1511: getenv ( c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2 )    gforth
1.29      crook    1512: ""The string @i{c-addr1 u1} specifies an environment variable. The string @i{c-addr2 u2}
1.24      crook    1513: is the host operating system's expansion of that environment variable. If the
1.29      crook    1514: environment variable does not exist, @i{c-addr2 u2} specifies a string 0 characters
1.24      crook    1515: in length.""
1.46      pazsan   1516: /* close ' to keep fontify happy */
1.1       anton    1517: c_addr2 = getenv(cstr(c_addr1,u1,1));
                   1518: u2 = (c_addr2 == NULL ? 0 : strlen(c_addr2));
                   1519: 
1.56      anton    1520: open-pipe      ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       gforth  open_pipe
1.84      pazsan   1521: wfileid=(Cell)popen(cstr(c_addr,u,1),pfileattr[wfam]); /* ~ expansion of 1st arg? */
1.1       anton    1522: wior = IOR(wfileid==0); /* !! the man page says that errno is not set reliably */
                   1523: 
1.47      anton    1524: close-pipe     ( wfileid -- wretval wior )             gforth  close_pipe
1.1       anton    1525: wretval = pclose((FILE *)wfileid);
                   1526: wior = IOR(wretval==-1);
                   1527: 
1.47      anton    1528: time&date      ( -- nsec nmin nhour nday nmonth nyear )        facility-ext    time_and_date
1.44      crook    1529: ""Report the current time of day. Seconds, minutes and hours are numbered from 0.
                   1530: Months are numbered from 1.""
1.127     anton    1531: #if 1
                   1532: time_t now;
                   1533: struct tm *ltime;
                   1534: time(&now);
                   1535: ltime=localtime(&now);
                   1536: #else
1.1       anton    1537: struct timeval time1;
                   1538: struct timezone zone1;
                   1539: struct tm *ltime;
                   1540: gettimeofday(&time1,&zone1);
1.51      anton    1541: /* !! Single Unix specification: 
                   1542:    If tzp is not a null pointer, the behaviour is unspecified. */
1.1       anton    1543: ltime=localtime((time_t *)&time1.tv_sec);
1.127     anton    1544: #endif
1.1       anton    1545: nyear =ltime->tm_year+1900;
                   1546: nmonth=ltime->tm_mon+1;
                   1547: nday  =ltime->tm_mday;
                   1548: nhour =ltime->tm_hour;
                   1549: nmin  =ltime->tm_min;
                   1550: nsec  =ltime->tm_sec;
                   1551: 
1.47      anton    1552: ms     ( n -- )        facility-ext
1.44      crook    1553: ""Wait at least @i{n} milli-second.""
1.1       anton    1554: struct timeval timeout;
                   1555: timeout.tv_sec=n/1000;
                   1556: timeout.tv_usec=1000*(n%1000);
                   1557: (void)select(0,0,0,0,&timeout);
                   1558: 
1.47      anton    1559: allocate       ( u -- a_addr wior )    memory
1.29      crook    1560: ""Allocate @i{u} address units of contiguous data space. The initial
1.27      crook    1561: contents of the data space is undefined. If the allocation is successful,
1.29      crook    1562: @i{a-addr} is the start address of the allocated region and @i{wior}
                   1563: is 0. If the allocation fails, @i{a-addr} is undefined and @i{wior}
1.52      anton    1564: is a non-zero I/O result code.""
1.1       anton    1565: a_addr = (Cell *)malloc(u?u:1);
                   1566: wior = IOR(a_addr==NULL);
                   1567: 
1.47      anton    1568: free   ( a_addr -- wior )              memory
1.29      crook    1569: ""Return the region of data space starting at @i{a-addr} to the system.
1.52      anton    1570: The region must originally have been obtained using @code{allocate} or
1.29      crook    1571: @code{resize}. If the operational is successful, @i{wior} is 0.
1.52      anton    1572: If the operation fails, @i{wior} is a non-zero I/O result code.""
1.1       anton    1573: free(a_addr);
                   1574: wior = 0;
                   1575: 
1.47      anton    1576: resize ( a_addr1 u -- a_addr2 wior )   memory
1.26      crook    1577: ""Change the size of the allocated area at @i{a-addr1} to @i{u}
1.1       anton    1578: address units, possibly moving the contents to a different
1.27      crook    1579: area. @i{a-addr2} is the address of the resulting area.
1.52      anton    1580: If the operation is successful, @i{wior} is 0.
                   1581: If the operation fails, @i{wior} is a non-zero
1.29      crook    1582: I/O result code. If @i{a-addr1} is 0, Gforth's (but not the Standard)
1.27      crook    1583: @code{resize} @code{allocate}s @i{u} address units.""
1.1       anton    1584: /* the following check is not necessary on most OSs, but it is needed
                   1585:    on SunOS 4.1.2. */
1.46      pazsan   1586: /* close ' to keep fontify happy */
1.1       anton    1587: if (a_addr1==NULL)
                   1588:   a_addr2 = (Cell *)malloc(u);
                   1589: else
                   1590:   a_addr2 = (Cell *)realloc(a_addr1, u);
                   1591: wior = IOR(a_addr2==NULL);     /* !! Define a return code */
                   1592: 
1.47      anton    1593: strerror       ( n -- c_addr u )       gforth
1.1       anton    1594: c_addr = strerror(n);
                   1595: u = strlen(c_addr);
                   1596: 
1.47      anton    1597: strsignal      ( n -- c_addr u )       gforth
1.133     anton    1598: c_addr = (Address)strsignal(n);
1.1       anton    1599: u = strlen(c_addr);
                   1600: 
1.47      anton    1601: call-c ( w -- )        gforth  call_c
1.1       anton    1602: ""Call the C function pointed to by @i{w}. The C function has to
                   1603: access the stack itself. The stack pointers are exported in the global
                   1604: variables @code{SP} and @code{FP}.""
                   1605: /* This is a first attempt at support for calls to C. This may change in
                   1606:    the future */
1.64      anton    1607: IF_fpTOS(fp[0]=fpTOS);
1.1       anton    1608: FP=fp;
                   1609: SP=sp;
                   1610: ((void (*)())w)();
                   1611: sp=SP;
                   1612: fp=FP;
1.64      anton    1613: IF_spTOS(spTOS=sp[0]);
                   1614: IF_fpTOS(fpTOS=fp[0]);
1.1       anton    1615: 
1.15      pazsan   1616: \+
                   1617: \+file
1.1       anton    1618: 
1.47      anton    1619: close-file     ( wfileid -- wior )             file    close_file
1.1       anton    1620: wior = IOR(fclose((FILE *)wfileid)==EOF);
                   1621: 
1.56      anton    1622: open-file      ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       file    open_file
                   1623: wfileid = (Cell)fopen(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1), fileattr[wfam]);
1.22      crook    1624: wior =  IOR(wfileid == 0);
1.1       anton    1625: 
1.56      anton    1626: create-file    ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       file    create_file
1.1       anton    1627: Cell   fd;
1.56      anton    1628: fd = open(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1), O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|ufileattr[wfam], 0666);
1.1       anton    1629: if (fd != -1) {
1.56      anton    1630:   wfileid = (Cell)fdopen(fd, fileattr[wfam]);
1.22      crook    1631:   wior = IOR(wfileid == 0);
1.1       anton    1632: } else {
1.22      crook    1633:   wfileid = 0;
1.1       anton    1634:   wior = IOR(1);
                   1635: }
                   1636: 
1.47      anton    1637: delete-file    ( c_addr u -- wior )            file    delete_file
1.1       anton    1638: wior = IOR(unlink(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1))==-1);
                   1639: 
1.47      anton    1640: rename-file    ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- wior )       file-ext        rename_file
1.29      crook    1641: ""Rename file @i{c_addr1 u1} to new name @i{c_addr2 u2}""
1.125     anton    1642: wior = rename_file(c_addr1, u1, c_addr2, u2);
1.1       anton    1643: 
1.47      anton    1644: file-position  ( wfileid -- ud wior )  file    file_position
1.1       anton    1645: /* !! use tell and lseek? */
1.108     anton    1646: ud = OFF2UD(ftello((FILE *)wfileid));
                   1647: wior = IOR(UD2OFF(ud)==-1);
1.1       anton    1648: 
1.47      anton    1649: reposition-file        ( ud wfileid -- wior )  file    reposition_file
1.108     anton    1650: wior = IOR(fseeko((FILE *)wfileid, UD2OFF(ud), SEEK_SET)==-1);
1.1       anton    1651: 
1.47      anton    1652: file-size      ( wfileid -- ud wior )  file    file_size
1.1       anton    1653: struct stat buf;
                   1654: wior = IOR(fstat(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), &buf)==-1);
1.108     anton    1655: ud = OFF2UD(buf.st_size);
1.1       anton    1656: 
1.47      anton    1657: resize-file    ( ud wfileid -- wior )  file    resize_file
1.108     anton    1658: wior = IOR(ftruncate(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), UD2OFF(ud))==-1);
1.1       anton    1659: 
1.47      anton    1660: read-file      ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 wior )        file    read_file
1.1       anton    1661: /* !! fread does not guarantee enough */
                   1662: u2 = fread(c_addr, sizeof(Char), u1, (FILE *)wfileid);
                   1663: wior = FILEIO(u2<u1 && ferror((FILE *)wfileid));
                   1664: /* !! is the value of ferror errno-compatible? */
                   1665: if (wior)
                   1666:   clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
                   1667: 
1.125     anton    1668: (read-line)    ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 flag u3 wior ) file   paren_read_line
                   1669: struct Cellquad r = read_line(c_addr, u1, wfileid);
                   1670: u2   = r.n1;
                   1671: flag = r.n2;
                   1672: u3   = r.n3;
                   1673: wior = r.n4;
1.1       anton    1674: 
1.15      pazsan   1675: \+
1.1       anton    1676: 
1.47      anton    1677: write-file     ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- wior )   file    write_file
1.1       anton    1678: /* !! fwrite does not guarantee enough */
1.39      pazsan   1679: #ifdef HAS_FILE
1.1       anton    1680: {
                   1681:   UCell u2 = fwrite(c_addr, sizeof(Char), u1, (FILE *)wfileid);
                   1682:   wior = FILEIO(u2<u1 && ferror((FILE *)wfileid));
                   1683:   if (wior)
                   1684:     clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
                   1685: }
1.39      pazsan   1686: #else
                   1687: TYPE(c_addr, u1);
                   1688: #endif
1.17      pazsan   1689: 
1.47      anton    1690: emit-file      ( c wfileid -- wior )   gforth  emit_file
1.17      pazsan   1691: #ifdef HAS_FILE
1.1       anton    1692: wior = FILEIO(putc(c, (FILE *)wfileid)==EOF);
                   1693: if (wior)
                   1694:   clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
1.17      pazsan   1695: #else
1.36      pazsan   1696: PUTC(c);
1.17      pazsan   1697: #endif
1.1       anton    1698: 
1.15      pazsan   1699: \+file
1.1       anton    1700: 
1.47      anton    1701: flush-file     ( wfileid -- wior )             file-ext        flush_file
1.1       anton    1702: wior = IOR(fflush((FILE *) wfileid)==EOF);
                   1703: 
1.56      anton    1704: file-status    ( c_addr u -- wfam wior )       file-ext        file_status
1.125     anton    1705: struct Cellpair r = file_status(c_addr, u);
                   1706: wfam = r.n1;
                   1707: wior = r.n2;
1.1       anton    1708: 
1.112     pazsan   1709: file-eof?      ( wfileid -- flag )     gforth  file_eof_query
                   1710: flag = FLAG(feof((FILE *) wfileid));
1.1       anton    1711: 
1.112     pazsan   1712: open-dir       ( c_addr u -- wdirid wior )     gforth  open_dir
                   1713: ""Open the directory specified by @i{c-addr, u}
                   1714: and return @i{dir-id} for futher access to it.""
                   1715: wdirid = (Cell)opendir(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1));
                   1716: wior =  IOR(wdirid == 0);
                   1717: 
                   1718: read-dir       ( c_addr u1 wdirid -- u2 flag wior )    gforth  read_dir
                   1719: ""Attempt to read the next entry from the directory specified
                   1720: by @i{dir-id} to the buffer of length @i{u1} at address @i{c-addr}. 
                   1721: If the attempt fails because there is no more entries,
                   1722: @i{ior}=0, @i{flag}=0, @i{u2}=0, and the buffer is unmodified.
                   1723: If the attempt to read the next entry fails because of any other reason, 
                   1724: return @i{ior}<>0.
                   1725: If the attempt succeeds, store file name to the buffer at @i{c-addr}
                   1726: and return @i{ior}=0, @i{flag}=true and @i{u2} equal to the size of the file name.
                   1727: If the length of the file name is greater than @i{u1}, 
                   1728: store first @i{u1} characters from file name into the buffer and
                   1729: indicate "name too long" with @i{ior}, @i{flag}=true, and @i{u2}=@i{u1}.""
                   1730: struct dirent * dent;
                   1731: dent = readdir((DIR *)wdirid);
                   1732: wior = 0;
                   1733: flag = -1;
                   1734: if(dent == NULL) {
                   1735:   u2 = 0;
                   1736:   flag = 0;
                   1737: } else {
                   1738:   u2 = strlen(dent->d_name);
                   1739:   if(u2 > u1) {
                   1740:     u2 = u1;
                   1741:     wior = -512-ENAMETOOLONG;
                   1742:   }
                   1743:   memmove(c_addr, dent->d_name, u2);
                   1744: }
                   1745: 
                   1746: close-dir      ( wdirid -- wior )      gforth  close_dir
                   1747: ""Close the directory specified by @i{dir-id}.""
                   1748: wior = IOR(closedir((DIR *)wdirid));
                   1749: 
                   1750: filename-match ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- flag )       gforth  match_file
                   1751: char * string = cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1);
                   1752: char * pattern = cstr(c_addr2, u2, 0);
                   1753: flag = FLAG(!fnmatch(pattern, string, 0));
                   1754: 
                   1755: \+
                   1756: 
                   1757: newline        ( -- c_addr u ) gforth
                   1758: ""String containing the newline sequence of the host OS""
                   1759: char newline[] = {
1.115     anton    1760: #if DIRSEP=='/'
                   1761: /* Unix */
1.112     pazsan   1762: '\n'
                   1763: #else
1.115     anton    1764: /* DOS, Win, OS/2 */
1.112     pazsan   1765: '\r','\n'
                   1766: #endif
                   1767: };
                   1768: c_addr=newline;
                   1769: u=sizeof(newline);
                   1770: :
                   1771:  "newline count ;
                   1772: Create "newline e? crlf [IF] 2 c, $0D c, [ELSE] 1 c, [THEN] $0A c,
                   1773: 
                   1774: \+os
                   1775: 
                   1776: utime  ( -- dtime )    gforth
                   1777: ""Report the current time in microseconds since some epoch.""
                   1778: struct timeval time1;
                   1779: gettimeofday(&time1,NULL);
                   1780: dtime = timeval2us(&time1);
                   1781: 
                   1782: cputime ( -- duser dsystem ) gforth
                   1783: ""duser and dsystem are the respective user- and system-level CPU
                   1784: times used since the start of the Forth system (excluding child
                   1785: processes), in microseconds (the granularity may be much larger,
                   1786: however).  On platforms without the getrusage call, it reports elapsed
                   1787: time (since some epoch) for duser and 0 for dsystem.""
                   1788: #ifdef HAVE_GETRUSAGE
                   1789: struct rusage usage;
                   1790: getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &usage);
                   1791: duser = timeval2us(&usage.ru_utime);
                   1792: dsystem = timeval2us(&usage.ru_stime);
                   1793: #else
                   1794: struct timeval time1;
                   1795: gettimeofday(&time1,NULL);
                   1796: duser = timeval2us(&time1);
                   1797: #ifndef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                   1798: dsystem = (DCell)0;
                   1799: #else
                   1800: dsystem=(DCell){0,0};
                   1801: #endif
                   1802: #endif
                   1803: 
                   1804: \+
                   1805: 
                   1806: \+floating
                   1807: 
                   1808: \g floating
1.83      pazsan   1809: 
1.1       anton    1810: comparisons(f, r1 r2, f_, r1, r2, gforth, gforth, float, gforth)
                   1811: comparisons(f0, r, f_zero_, r, 0., float, gforth, float, gforth)
                   1812: 
1.47      anton    1813: d>f    ( d -- r )              float   d_to_f
1.1       anton    1814: #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG
                   1815: extern double ldexp(double x, int exp);
1.113     anton    1816: if (d.hi<0) {
                   1817:   DCell d2=dnegate(d);
                   1818:   r = -(ldexp((Float)d2.hi,CELL_BITS) + (Float)d2.lo);
                   1819: } else
                   1820:   r = ldexp((Float)d.hi,CELL_BITS) + (Float)d.lo;
1.1       anton    1821: #else
                   1822: r = d;
                   1823: #endif
                   1824: 
1.47      anton    1825: f>d    ( r -- d )              float   f_to_d
1.100     pazsan   1826: extern DCell double2ll(Float r);
                   1827: d = double2ll(r);
1.1       anton    1828: 
1.47      anton    1829: f!     ( r f_addr -- ) float   f_store
1.52      anton    1830: ""Store @i{r} into the float at address @i{f-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1831: *f_addr = r;
                   1832: 
1.47      anton    1833: f@     ( f_addr -- r ) float   f_fetch
1.52      anton    1834: ""@i{r} is the float at address @i{f-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1835: r = *f_addr;
                   1836: 
1.47      anton    1837: df@    ( df_addr -- r )        float-ext       d_f_fetch
1.52      anton    1838: ""Fetch the double-precision IEEE floating-point value @i{r} from the address @i{df-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1839: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1840: r = *df_addr;
                   1841: #else
                   1842: !! df@
                   1843: #endif
                   1844: 
1.47      anton    1845: df!    ( r df_addr -- )        float-ext       d_f_store
1.52      anton    1846: ""Store @i{r} as double-precision IEEE floating-point value to the
                   1847: address @i{df-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1848: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1849: *df_addr = r;
                   1850: #else
                   1851: !! df!
                   1852: #endif
                   1853: 
1.47      anton    1854: sf@    ( sf_addr -- r )        float-ext       s_f_fetch
1.52      anton    1855: ""Fetch the single-precision IEEE floating-point value @i{r} from the address @i{sf-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1856: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1857: r = *sf_addr;
                   1858: #else
                   1859: !! sf@
                   1860: #endif
                   1861: 
1.47      anton    1862: sf!    ( r sf_addr -- )        float-ext       s_f_store
1.52      anton    1863: ""Store @i{r} as single-precision IEEE floating-point value to the
                   1864: address @i{sf-addr}.""
1.1       anton    1865: #ifdef IEEE_FP
                   1866: *sf_addr = r;
                   1867: #else
                   1868: !! sf!
                   1869: #endif
                   1870: 
1.47      anton    1871: f+     ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_plus
1.1       anton    1872: r3 = r1+r2;
                   1873: 
1.47      anton    1874: f-     ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_minus
1.1       anton    1875: r3 = r1-r2;
                   1876: 
1.47      anton    1877: f*     ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_star
1.1       anton    1878: r3 = r1*r2;
                   1879: 
1.47      anton    1880: f/     ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_slash
1.1       anton    1881: r3 = r1/r2;
                   1882: 
1.47      anton    1883: f**    ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float-ext       f_star_star
1.26      crook    1884: ""@i{r3} is @i{r1} raised to the @i{r2}th power.""
1.1       anton    1885: r3 = pow(r1,r2);
                   1886: 
1.47      anton    1887: fnegate        ( r1 -- r2 )    float   f_negate
1.1       anton    1888: r2 = - r1;
                   1889: 
1.47      anton    1890: fdrop  ( r -- )                float   f_drop
1.1       anton    1891: 
1.47      anton    1892: fdup   ( r -- r r )    float   f_dupe
1.1       anton    1893: 
1.47      anton    1894: fswap  ( r1 r2 -- r2 r1 )      float   f_swap
1.1       anton    1895: 
1.47      anton    1896: fover  ( r1 r2 -- r1 r2 r1 )   float   f_over
1.1       anton    1897: 
1.47      anton    1898: frot   ( r1 r2 r3 -- r2 r3 r1 )        float   f_rote
1.1       anton    1899: 
1.47      anton    1900: fnip   ( r1 r2 -- r2 ) gforth  f_nip
1.1       anton    1901: 
1.47      anton    1902: ftuck  ( r1 r2 -- r2 r1 r2 )   gforth  f_tuck
1.1       anton    1903: 
1.47      anton    1904: float+ ( f_addr1 -- f_addr2 )  float   float_plus
1.52      anton    1905: ""@code{1 floats +}.""
1.1       anton    1906: f_addr2 = f_addr1+1;
                   1907: 
1.47      anton    1908: floats ( n1 -- n2 )    float
1.52      anton    1909: ""@i{n2} is the number of address units of @i{n1} floats.""
1.1       anton    1910: n2 = n1*sizeof(Float);
                   1911: 
1.47      anton    1912: floor  ( r1 -- r2 )    float
1.26      crook    1913: ""Round towards the next smaller integral value, i.e., round toward negative infinity.""
1.1       anton    1914: /* !! unclear wording */
                   1915: r2 = floor(r1);
                   1916: 
1.105     anton    1917: fround ( r1 -- r2 )    gforth  f_round
                   1918: ""Round to the nearest integral value.""
1.1       anton    1919: r2 = rint(r1);
                   1920: 
1.47      anton    1921: fmax   ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_max
1.1       anton    1922: if (r1<r2)
                   1923:   r3 = r2;
                   1924: else
                   1925:   r3 = r1;
                   1926: 
1.47      anton    1927: fmin   ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_min
1.1       anton    1928: if (r1<r2)
                   1929:   r3 = r1;
                   1930: else
                   1931:   r3 = r2;
                   1932: 
1.47      anton    1933: represent      ( r c_addr u -- n f1 f2 )       float
1.1       anton    1934: char *sig;
1.122     anton    1935: size_t siglen;
1.1       anton    1936: int flag;
                   1937: int decpt;
                   1938: sig=ecvt(r, u, &decpt, &flag);
1.122     anton    1939: n=(r==0. ? 1 : decpt);
1.1       anton    1940: f1=FLAG(flag!=0);
1.21      anton    1941: f2=FLAG(isdigit((unsigned)(sig[0]))!=0);
1.122     anton    1942: siglen=strlen(sig);
1.124     anton    1943: if (siglen>u) /* happens in glibc-2.1.3 if 999.. is rounded up */
                   1944:   siglen=u;
1.122     anton    1945: memcpy(c_addr,sig,siglen);
1.123     anton    1946: memset(c_addr+siglen,f2?'0':' ',u-siglen);
1.1       anton    1947: 
1.47      anton    1948: >float ( c_addr u -- flag )    float   to_float
1.56      anton    1949: ""Actual stack effect: ( c_addr u -- r t | f ).  Attempt to convert the
                   1950: character string @i{c-addr u} to internal floating-point
                   1951: representation. If the string represents a valid floating-point number
                   1952: @i{r} is placed on the floating-point stack and @i{flag} is
                   1953: true. Otherwise, @i{flag} is false. A string of blanks is a special
                   1954: case and represents the floating-point number 0.""
1.1       anton    1955: Float r;
1.125     anton    1956: flag = to_float(c_addr, u, &r);
                   1957: if (flag) {
                   1958:   IF_fpTOS(fp[0] = fpTOS);
                   1959:   fp += -1;
                   1960:   fpTOS = r;
1.1       anton    1961: }
                   1962: 
1.47      anton    1963: fabs   ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_abs
1.1       anton    1964: r2 = fabs(r1);
                   1965: 
1.47      anton    1966: facos  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_a_cos
1.1       anton    1967: r2 = acos(r1);
                   1968: 
1.47      anton    1969: fasin  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_a_sine
1.1       anton    1970: r2 = asin(r1);
                   1971: 
1.47      anton    1972: fatan  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_a_tan
1.1       anton    1973: r2 = atan(r1);
                   1974: 
1.47      anton    1975: fatan2 ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float-ext       f_a_tan_two
1.26      crook    1976: ""@i{r1/r2}=tan(@i{r3}). ANS Forth does not require, but probably
1.1       anton    1977: intends this to be the inverse of @code{fsincos}. In gforth it is.""
                   1978: r3 = atan2(r1,r2);
                   1979: 
1.47      anton    1980: fcos   ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_cos
1.1       anton    1981: r2 = cos(r1);
                   1982: 
1.47      anton    1983: fexp   ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_e_x_p
1.1       anton    1984: r2 = exp(r1);
                   1985: 
1.47      anton    1986: fexpm1 ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_e_x_p_m_one
1.1       anton    1987: ""@i{r2}=@i{e}**@i{r1}@minus{}1""
                   1988: #ifdef HAVE_EXPM1
1.3       pazsan   1989: extern double
                   1990: #ifdef NeXT
                   1991:               const
                   1992: #endif
                   1993:                     expm1(double);
1.1       anton    1994: r2 = expm1(r1);
                   1995: #else
                   1996: r2 = exp(r1)-1.;
                   1997: #endif
                   1998: 
1.47      anton    1999: fln    ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_l_n
1.1       anton    2000: r2 = log(r1);
                   2001: 
1.47      anton    2002: flnp1  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_l_n_p_one
1.1       anton    2003: ""@i{r2}=ln(@i{r1}+1)""
                   2004: #ifdef HAVE_LOG1P
1.3       pazsan   2005: extern double
                   2006: #ifdef NeXT
                   2007:               const
                   2008: #endif
                   2009:                     log1p(double);
1.1       anton    2010: r2 = log1p(r1);
                   2011: #else
                   2012: r2 = log(r1+1.);
                   2013: #endif
                   2014: 
1.47      anton    2015: flog   ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_log
1.26      crook    2016: ""The decimal logarithm.""
1.1       anton    2017: r2 = log10(r1);
                   2018: 
1.47      anton    2019: falog  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_a_log
1.1       anton    2020: ""@i{r2}=10**@i{r1}""
                   2021: extern double pow10(double);
                   2022: r2 = pow10(r1);
                   2023: 
1.47      anton    2024: fsin   ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_sine
1.1       anton    2025: r2 = sin(r1);
                   2026: 
1.47      anton    2027: fsincos        ( r1 -- r2 r3 ) float-ext       f_sine_cos
1.1       anton    2028: ""@i{r2}=sin(@i{r1}), @i{r3}=cos(@i{r1})""
                   2029: r2 = sin(r1);
                   2030: r3 = cos(r1);
                   2031: 
1.47      anton    2032: fsqrt  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_square_root
1.1       anton    2033: r2 = sqrt(r1);
                   2034: 
1.47      anton    2035: ftan   ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_tan
1.1       anton    2036: r2 = tan(r1);
                   2037: :
                   2038:  fsincos f/ ;
                   2039: 
1.47      anton    2040: fsinh  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_cinch
1.1       anton    2041: r2 = sinh(r1);
                   2042: :
                   2043:  fexpm1 fdup fdup 1. d>f f+ f/ f+ f2/ ;
                   2044: 
1.47      anton    2045: fcosh  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_cosh
1.1       anton    2046: r2 = cosh(r1);
                   2047: :
                   2048:  fexp fdup 1/f f+ f2/ ;
                   2049: 
1.47      anton    2050: ftanh  ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_tan_h
1.1       anton    2051: r2 = tanh(r1);
                   2052: :
                   2053:  f2* fexpm1 fdup 2. d>f f+ f/ ;
                   2054: 
1.47      anton    2055: fasinh ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_a_cinch
1.1       anton    2056: r2 = asinh(r1);
                   2057: :
                   2058:  fdup fdup f* 1. d>f f+ fsqrt f/ fatanh ;
                   2059: 
1.47      anton    2060: facosh ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_a_cosh
1.1       anton    2061: r2 = acosh(r1);
                   2062: :
                   2063:  fdup fdup f* 1. d>f f- fsqrt f+ fln ;
                   2064: 
1.47      anton    2065: fatanh ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_a_tan_h
1.1       anton    2066: r2 = atanh(r1);
                   2067: :
                   2068:  fdup f0< >r fabs 1. d>f fover f- f/  f2* flnp1 f2/
                   2069:  r> IF  fnegate  THEN ;
                   2070: 
1.47      anton    2071: sfloats        ( n1 -- n2 )    float-ext       s_floats
1.52      anton    2072: ""@i{n2} is the number of address units of @i{n1}
1.29      crook    2073: single-precision IEEE floating-point numbers.""
1.1       anton    2074: n2 = n1*sizeof(SFloat);
                   2075: 
1.47      anton    2076: dfloats        ( n1 -- n2 )    float-ext       d_floats
1.52      anton    2077: ""@i{n2} is the number of address units of @i{n1}
1.29      crook    2078: double-precision IEEE floating-point numbers.""
1.1       anton    2079: n2 = n1*sizeof(DFloat);
                   2080: 
1.47      anton    2081: sfaligned      ( c_addr -- sf_addr )   float-ext       s_f_aligned
1.52      anton    2082: ""@i{sf-addr} is the first single-float-aligned address greater
1.29      crook    2083: than or equal to @i{c-addr}.""
1.1       anton    2084: sf_addr = (SFloat *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(SFloat)-1))&(-sizeof(SFloat)));
                   2085: :
                   2086:  [ 1 sfloats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 sfloats ] Literal and ;
                   2087: 
1.47      anton    2088: dfaligned      ( c_addr -- df_addr )   float-ext       d_f_aligned
1.52      anton    2089: ""@i{df-addr} is the first double-float-aligned address greater
1.29      crook    2090: than or equal to @i{c-addr}.""
1.1       anton    2091: df_addr = (DFloat *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(sizeof(DFloat)-1))&(-sizeof(DFloat)));
                   2092: :
                   2093:  [ 1 dfloats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 dfloats ] Literal and ;
                   2094: 
1.112     pazsan   2095: v*     ( f_addr1 nstride1 f_addr2 nstride2 ucount -- r ) gforth v_star
                   2096: ""dot-product: r=v1*v2.  The first element of v1 is at f_addr1, the
                   2097: next at f_addr1+nstride1 and so on (similar for v2). Both vectors have
                   2098: ucount elements.""
1.125     anton    2099: r = v_star(f_addr1, nstride1, f_addr2, nstride2, ucount);
1.112     pazsan   2100: :
                   2101:  >r swap 2swap swap 0e r> 0 ?DO
                   2102:      dup f@ over + 2swap dup f@ f* f+ over + 2swap
                   2103:  LOOP 2drop 2drop ; 
                   2104: 
                   2105: faxpy  ( ra f_x nstridex f_y nstridey ucount -- )      gforth
                   2106: ""vy=ra*vx+vy""
1.125     anton    2107: faxpy(ra, f_x, nstridex, f_y, nstridey, ucount);
1.112     pazsan   2108: :
                   2109:  >r swap 2swap swap r> 0 ?DO
                   2110:      fdup dup f@ f* over + 2swap dup f@ f+ dup f! over + 2swap
                   2111:  LOOP 2drop 2drop fdrop ;
                   2112: 
                   2113: \+
                   2114: 
1.1       anton    2115: \ The following words access machine/OS/installation-dependent
                   2116: \   Gforth internals
                   2117: \ !! how about environmental queries DIRECT-THREADED,
                   2118: \   INDIRECT-THREADED, TOS-CACHED, FTOS-CACHED, CODEFIELD-DOES */
                   2119: 
                   2120: \ local variable implementation primitives
1.112     pazsan   2121: 
1.15      pazsan   2122: \+glocals
1.1       anton    2123: 
1.110     pazsan   2124: \g locals
                   2125: 
1.68      anton    2126: @local#        ( #noffset -- w )       gforth  fetch_local_number
                   2127: w = *(Cell *)(lp+noffset);
1.1       anton    2128: 
1.47      anton    2129: @local0        ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_zero
1.112     pazsan   2130: w = ((Cell *)lp)[0];
1.1       anton    2131: 
1.47      anton    2132: @local1        ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_four
1.112     pazsan   2133: w = ((Cell *)lp)[1];
1.1       anton    2134: 
1.47      anton    2135: @local2        ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_eight
1.112     pazsan   2136: w = ((Cell *)lp)[2];
1.1       anton    2137: 
1.47      anton    2138: @local3        ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_twelve
1.112     pazsan   2139: w = ((Cell *)lp)[3];
1.1       anton    2140: 
1.15      pazsan   2141: \+floating
1.1       anton    2142: 
1.68      anton    2143: f@local#       ( #noffset -- r )       gforth  f_fetch_local_number
                   2144: r = *(Float *)(lp+noffset);
1.1       anton    2145: 
1.47      anton    2146: f@local0       ( -- r )        new     f_fetch_local_zero
1.112     pazsan   2147: r = ((Float *)lp)[0];
1.1       anton    2148: 
1.47      anton    2149: f@local1       ( -- r )        new     f_fetch_local_eight
1.112     pazsan   2150: r = ((Float *)lp)[1];
1.1       anton    2151: 
1.15      pazsan   2152: \+
1.1       anton    2153: 
1.68      anton    2154: laddr# ( #noffset -- c_addr )  gforth  laddr_number
1.1       anton    2155: /* this can also be used to implement lp@ */
1.68      anton    2156: c_addr = (Char *)(lp+noffset);
1.1       anton    2157: 
1.68      anton    2158: lp+!#  ( #noffset -- ) gforth  lp_plus_store_number
1.1       anton    2159: ""used with negative immediate values it allocates memory on the
                   2160: local stack, a positive immediate argument drops memory from the local
                   2161: stack""
1.68      anton    2162: lp += noffset;
1.1       anton    2163: 
1.47      anton    2164: lp-    ( -- )  new     minus_four_lp_plus_store
1.1       anton    2165: lp += -sizeof(Cell);
                   2166: 
1.47      anton    2167: lp+    ( -- )  new     eight_lp_plus_store
1.1       anton    2168: lp += sizeof(Float);
                   2169: 
1.47      anton    2170: lp+2   ( -- )  new     sixteen_lp_plus_store
1.1       anton    2171: lp += 2*sizeof(Float);
                   2172: 
1.47      anton    2173: lp!    ( c_addr -- )   gforth  lp_store
1.1       anton    2174: lp = (Address)c_addr;
                   2175: 
1.47      anton    2176: >l     ( w -- )        gforth  to_l
1.1       anton    2177: lp -= sizeof(Cell);
                   2178: *(Cell *)lp = w;
                   2179: 
1.15      pazsan   2180: \+floating
1.1       anton    2181: 
1.47      anton    2182: f>l    ( r -- )        gforth  f_to_l
1.1       anton    2183: lp -= sizeof(Float);
                   2184: *(Float *)lp = r;
                   2185: 
1.47      anton    2186: fpick  ( u -- r )              gforth
1.52      anton    2187: ""Actually the stack effect is @code{ r0 ... ru u -- r0 ... ru r0 }.""
1.11      anton    2188: r = fp[u+1]; /* +1, because update of fp happens before this fragment */
                   2189: :
                   2190:  floats fp@ + f@ ;
                   2191: 
1.15      pazsan   2192: \+
                   2193: \+
1.1       anton    2194: 
1.15      pazsan   2195: \+OS
1.1       anton    2196: 
1.110     pazsan   2197: \g syslib
                   2198: 
1.131     pazsan   2199: open-lib       ( c_addr1 u1 -- u2 )    gforth  open_lib
                   2200: #if defined(HAVE_LIBDL) || defined(HAVE_DLOPEN)
                   2201: #ifndef RTLD_GLOBAL
                   2202: #define RTLD_GLOBAL 0
                   2203: #endif
                   2204: u2=(UCell) dlopen(cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1), RTLD_GLOBAL | RTLD_LAZY);
                   2205: #else
                   2206: #  ifdef _WIN32
                   2207: u2 = (Cell) GetModuleHandle(cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1));
                   2208: #  else
                   2209: #warning Define open-lib!
                   2210: u2 = 0;
                   2211: #  endif
                   2212: #endif
                   2213: 
                   2214: lib-sym        ( c_addr1 u1 u2 -- u3 ) gforth  lib_sym
                   2215: #if defined(HAVE_LIBDL) || defined(HAVE_DLOPEN)
                   2216: u3 = (UCell) dlsym((void*)u2,cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1));
                   2217: #else
                   2218: #  ifdef _WIN32
                   2219: u3 = (Cell) GetProcAddress((HMODULE)u2, cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1));
                   2220: #  else
                   2221: #warning Define lib-sym!
                   2222: u3 = 0;
                   2223: #  endif
                   2224: #endif
                   2225: 
                   2226: \+FFCALL
                   2227: 
1.136     pazsan   2228: av-start-void  ( c_addr -- )   gforth  av_start_void
1.131     pazsan   2229: av_start_void(alist, c_addr);
                   2230: 
1.136     pazsan   2231: av-start-int   ( c_addr -- )   gforth  av_start_int
1.131     pazsan   2232: av_start_int(alist, c_addr, &irv);
                   2233: 
1.136     pazsan   2234: av-start-float ( c_addr -- )   gforth  av_start_float
1.131     pazsan   2235: av_start_float(alist, c_addr, &frv);
                   2236: 
1.136     pazsan   2237: av-start-double        ( c_addr -- )   gforth  av_start_double
1.131     pazsan   2238: av_start_double(alist, c_addr, &drv);
                   2239: 
1.136     pazsan   2240: av-start-longlong      ( c_addr -- )   gforth  av_start_longlong
1.131     pazsan   2241: av_start_longlong(alist, c_addr, &llrv);
                   2242: 
1.136     pazsan   2243: av-start-ptr   ( c_addr -- )   gforth  av_start_ptr
1.131     pazsan   2244: av_start_ptr(alist, c_addr, void*, &prv);
                   2245: 
                   2246: av-int  ( w -- )  gforth  av_int
                   2247: av_int(alist, w);
                   2248: 
1.136     pazsan   2249: av-float       ( r -- )        gforth  av_float
1.131     pazsan   2250: av_float(alist, r);
                   2251: 
1.136     pazsan   2252: av-double      ( r -- )        gforth  av_double
1.131     pazsan   2253: av_double(alist, r);
                   2254: 
1.136     pazsan   2255: av-longlong    ( d -- )        gforth  av_longlong
1.131     pazsan   2256: av_longlong(alist, d);
                   2257: 
1.136     pazsan   2258: av-ptr ( c_addr -- )   gforth  av_ptr
1.131     pazsan   2259: av_ptr(alist, void*, c_addr);
                   2260: 
1.136     pazsan   2261: av-int-r  ( R:w -- )  gforth  av_int_r
                   2262: av_int(alist, w);
                   2263: 
                   2264: av-float-r     ( -- )  gforth  av_float_r
                   2265: float r = *(Float*)lp;
                   2266: lp += sizeof(Float);
                   2267: av_float(alist, r);
                   2268: 
                   2269: av-double-r    ( -- )  gforth  av_double_r
                   2270: double r = *(Float*)lp;
                   2271: lp += sizeof(Float);
                   2272: av_double(alist, r);
                   2273: 
                   2274: av-longlong-r  ( R:d -- )      gforth  av_longlong_r
                   2275: av_longlong(alist, d);
                   2276: 
                   2277: av-ptr-r       ( R:c_addr -- ) gforth  av_ptr_r
                   2278: av_ptr(alist, void*, c_addr);
                   2279: 
                   2280: av-call-void   ( -- )  gforth  av_call_void
1.131     pazsan   2281: SAVE_REGS
                   2282: av_call(alist);
                   2283: REST_REGS
                   2284: 
1.136     pazsan   2285: av-call-int    ( -- w )        gforth  av_call_int
1.131     pazsan   2286: SAVE_REGS
                   2287: av_call(alist);
1.134     pazsan   2288: REST_REGS
1.131     pazsan   2289: w = irv;
                   2290: 
1.136     pazsan   2291: av-call-float  ( -- r )        gforth  av_call_float
1.131     pazsan   2292: SAVE_REGS
                   2293: av_call(alist);
                   2294: REST_REGS
                   2295: r = frv;
                   2296: 
1.136     pazsan   2297: av-call-double ( -- r )        gforth  av_call_double
1.131     pazsan   2298: SAVE_REGS
                   2299: av_call(alist);
                   2300: REST_REGS
                   2301: r = drv;
                   2302: 
1.136     pazsan   2303: av-call-longlong       ( -- d )        gforth  av_call_longlong
1.131     pazsan   2304: SAVE_REGS
                   2305: av_call(alist);
                   2306: REST_REGS
                   2307: d = llrv;
                   2308: 
1.136     pazsan   2309: av-call-ptr    ( -- c_addr )   gforth  av_call_ptr
1.131     pazsan   2310: SAVE_REGS
                   2311: av_call(alist);
                   2312: REST_REGS
                   2313: c_addr = prv;
                   2314: 
1.135     pazsan   2315: alloc-callback ( a_ip -- c_addr )      gforth  alloc_callback
                   2316: c_addr = (char *)alloc_callback(engine_callback, (Xt *)a_ip);
1.131     pazsan   2317: 
1.135     pazsan   2318: va-start-void  ( -- )  gforth  va_start_void
                   2319: va_start_void(clist);
1.131     pazsan   2320: 
1.135     pazsan   2321: va-start-int   ( -- )  gforth  va_start_int
                   2322: va_start_int(clist);
1.131     pazsan   2323: 
1.135     pazsan   2324: va-start-longlong      ( -- )  gforth  va_start_longlong
                   2325: va_start_longlong(clist);
1.131     pazsan   2326: 
1.135     pazsan   2327: va-start-ptr   ( -- )  gforth  va_start_ptr
                   2328: va_start_ptr(clist, (char *));
1.131     pazsan   2329: 
1.135     pazsan   2330: va-start-float ( -- )  gforth  va_start_float
                   2331: va_start_float(clist);
                   2332: 
                   2333: va-start-double        ( -- )  gforth  va_start_double
                   2334: va_start_double(clist);
                   2335: 
                   2336: va-arg-int     ( -- w )        gforth  va_arg_int
                   2337: w = va_arg_int(clist);
                   2338: 
                   2339: va-arg-longlong        ( -- d )        gforth  va_arg_longlong
                   2340: d = va_arg_longlong(clist);
                   2341: 
                   2342: va-arg-ptr     ( -- c_addr )   gforth  va_arg_ptr
                   2343: c_addr = (char *)va_arg_ptr(clist,char*);
                   2344: 
                   2345: va-arg-float   ( -- r )        gforth  va_arg_float
                   2346: r = va_arg_float(clist);
                   2347: 
                   2348: va-arg-double  ( -- r )        gforth  va_arg_double
                   2349: r = va_arg_double(clist);
1.131     pazsan   2350: 
                   2351: va-return-void ( -- )  gforth va_return_void
                   2352: va_return_void(clist);
                   2353: return 0;
                   2354: 
                   2355: va-return-int ( w -- ) gforth va_return_int
                   2356: va_return_int(clist, w);
                   2357: return 0;
                   2358: 
                   2359: va-return-ptr ( c_addr -- )    gforth va_return_ptr
                   2360: va_return_ptr(clist, void *, c_addr);
                   2361: return 0;
                   2362: 
                   2363: va-return-longlong ( d -- )    gforth va_return_longlong
                   2364: va_return_longlong(clist, d);
                   2365: return 0;
                   2366: 
                   2367: va-return-float ( r -- )       gforth va_return_float
                   2368: va_return_float(clist, r);
                   2369: return 0;
                   2370: 
                   2371: va-return-double ( r -- )      gforth va_return_double
                   2372: va_return_double(clist, r);
                   2373: return 0;
                   2374: 
                   2375: \-
                   2376: 
1.1       anton    2377: define(`uploop',
                   2378:        `pushdef(`$1', `$2')_uploop(`$1', `$2', `$3', `$4', `$5')`'popdef(`$1')')
                   2379: define(`_uploop',
                   2380:        `ifelse($1, `$3', `$5',
                   2381:               `$4`'define(`$1', incr($1))_uploop(`$1', `$2', `$3', `$4', `$5')')')
                   2382: \ argflist(argnum): Forth argument list
                   2383: define(argflist,
                   2384:        `ifelse($1, 0, `',
                   2385:                `uploop(`_i', 1, $1, `format(`u%d ', _i)', `format(`u%d ', _i)')')')
                   2386: \ argdlist(argnum): declare C's arguments
                   2387: define(argdlist,
                   2388:        `ifelse($1, 0, `',
                   2389:                `uploop(`_i', 1, $1, `Cell, ', `Cell')')')
                   2390: \ argclist(argnum): pass C's arguments
                   2391: define(argclist,
                   2392:        `ifelse($1, 0, `',
                   2393:                `uploop(`_i', 1, $1, `format(`u%d, ', _i)', `format(`u%d', _i)')')')
                   2394: \ icall(argnum)
                   2395: define(icall,
1.47      anton    2396: `icall$1       ( argflist($1)u -- uret )       gforth
1.9       pazsan   2397: uret = (SYSCALL(Cell(*)(argdlist($1)))u)(argclist($1));
1.1       anton    2398: 
                   2399: ')
                   2400: define(fcall,
1.47      anton    2401: `fcall$1       ( argflist($1)u -- rret )       gforth
1.9       pazsan   2402: rret = (SYSCALL(Float(*)(argdlist($1)))u)(argclist($1));
1.1       anton    2403: 
                   2404: ')
                   2405: 
1.46      pazsan   2406: \ close ' to keep fontify happy
1.1       anton    2407: 
                   2408: uploop(i, 0, 7, `icall(i)')
                   2409: icall(20)
                   2410: uploop(i, 0, 7, `fcall(i)')
                   2411: fcall(20)
                   2412: 
1.15      pazsan   2413: \+
1.131     pazsan   2414: \+
1.1       anton    2415: 
1.47      anton    2416: wcall  ( u -- )        gforth
1.64      anton    2417: IF_fpTOS(fp[0]=fpTOS);
1.34      jwilke   2418: FP=fp;
1.95      pazsan   2419: sp=(Cell*)(SYSCALL(Cell*(*)(Cell *, void *))u)(sp, &FP);
1.34      jwilke   2420: fp=FP;
1.64      anton    2421: IF_spTOS(spTOS=sp[0];)
                   2422: IF_fpTOS(fpTOS=fp[0]);
1.46      pazsan   2423: 
1.112     pazsan   2424: \+peephole
                   2425: 
                   2426: \g peephole
                   2427: 
1.119     anton    2428: compile-prim1 ( a_prim -- ) gforth compile_prim1
                   2429: ""compile prim (incl. immargs) at @var{a_prim}""
                   2430: compile_prim1(a_prim);
                   2431: 
                   2432: finish-code ( -- ) gforth finish_code
                   2433: ""Perform delayed steps in code generation (branch resolution, I-cache
                   2434: flushing).""
                   2435: finish_code();
                   2436: 
                   2437: forget-dyncode ( c_code -- f ) gforth-internal forget_dyncode
                   2438: f = forget_dyncode(c_code);
                   2439: 
                   2440: decompile-prim ( a_code -- a_prim ) gforth-internal decompile_prim
                   2441: ""a_prim is the code address of the primitive that has been
                   2442: compile_prim1ed to a_code""
1.121     anton    2443: a_prim = (Cell *)decompile_code((Label)a_code);
1.119     anton    2444: 
1.112     pazsan   2445: \ set-next-code and call2 do not appear in images and can be
                   2446: \ renumbered arbitrarily
1.46      pazsan   2447: 
1.112     pazsan   2448: set-next-code ( #w -- ) gforth set_next_code
                   2449: #ifdef NO_IP
                   2450: next_code = (Label)w;
                   2451: #endif
1.34      jwilke   2452: 
1.112     pazsan   2453: call2 ( #a_callee #a_ret_addr -- R:a_ret_addr ) gforth
                   2454: /* call with explicit return address */
                   2455: #ifdef NO_IP
                   2456: INST_TAIL;
                   2457: JUMP(a_callee);
1.45      anton    2458: #else
1.112     pazsan   2459: assert(0);
1.45      anton    2460: #endif
1.131     pazsan   2461: 
                   2462: tag-offsets ( -- a_addr ) gforth tag_offsets
                   2463: extern Cell groups[32];
                   2464: a_addr = groups;
1.51      anton    2465: 
1.54      pazsan   2466: \+
1.128     anton    2467: 
                   2468: \g static_super
                   2469: 
1.130     anton    2470: \C #if !defined(GFORTH_DEBUGGING) && !defined(INDIRECT_THREADED) && !defined(DOUBLY_INDIRECT) && !defined(VM_PROFILING)
                   2471: 
1.112     pazsan   2472: include(peeprules.vmg)
1.130     anton    2473: 
                   2474: \C #endif
1.54      pazsan   2475: 
1.112     pazsan   2476: \g end

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