Diff for /gforth/prim between versions 1.71 and 1.261

version 1.71, 2001/01/27 20:14:55 version 1.261, 2011/12/02 21:59:09
Line 1 Line 1
 \ Gforth primitives  \ Gforth primitives
   
 \ Copyright (C) 1995,1996,1997,1998,2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  \ Copyright (C) 1995,1996,1997,1998,2000,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   
 \ This file is part of Gforth.  \ This file is part of Gforth.
   
 \ Gforth is free software; you can redistribute it and/or  \ Gforth is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 \ modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License  \ modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 \ as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2  \ as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3
 \ of the License, or (at your option) any later version.  \ of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   
 \ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,  \ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
Line 15 Line 15
 \ GNU General Public License for more details.  \ GNU General Public License for more details.
   
 \ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License  \ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 \ along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software  \ along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 \ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA.  
   
   
 \ WARNING: This file is processed by m4. Make sure your identifiers  \ WARNING: This file is processed by m4. Make sure your identifiers
Line 53 Line 52
 \ your code does not fall through, the results are not stored into the  \ your code does not fall through, the results are not stored into the
 \ stack. Use different names on both sides of the '--', if you change a  \ stack. Use different names on both sides of the '--', if you change a
 \ value (some stores to the stack are optimized away).  \ value (some stores to the stack are optimized away).
 \   \
 \   \ For superinstructions the syntax is:
   \
   \ forth-name [/ c-name] = forth-name forth-name ...
   \
 \   \ 
 \ The stack variables have the following types:  \ The stack variables have the following types:
 \   \ 
 \ name matches  type  \ name matches  type
 \ f.*           Bool  \ f.*           Bool
 \ c.*           Char  \ c.*           Char
 \ [nw].*                Cell  \ [nw].*        Cell
 \ u.*           UCell  \ u.*           UCell
 \ d.*           DCell  \ d.*           DCell
 \ ud.*          UDCell  \ ud.*          UDCell
Line 72 Line 74
 \ df_.*         DFloat *  \ df_.*         DFloat *
 \ sf_.*         SFloat *  \ sf_.*         SFloat *
 \ xt.*          XT  \ xt.*          XT
 \ wid.*         WID  
 \ f83name.*     F83Name *  \ f83name.*     F83Name *
   
   \E stack data-stack   sp Cell
   \E stack fp-stack     fp Float
   \E stack return-stack rp Cell
   \E
 \E get-current prefixes set-current  \E get-current prefixes set-current
 \E   \E 
 \E s" Bool"             single data-stack type-prefix f  \E s" Bool"             single data-stack type-prefix f
Line 91 Line 96
 \E s" DFloat *"         single data-stack type-prefix df_  \E s" DFloat *"         single data-stack type-prefix df_
 \E s" SFloat *"         single data-stack type-prefix sf_  \E s" SFloat *"         single data-stack type-prefix sf_
 \E s" Xt"               single data-stack type-prefix xt  \E s" Xt"               single data-stack type-prefix xt
 \E s" WID"              single data-stack type-prefix wid  
 \E s" struct F83Name *" single data-stack type-prefix f83name  \E s" struct F83Name *" single data-stack type-prefix f83name
 \E s" struct Longname *" single data-stack type-prefix longname  \E s" struct Longname *" single data-stack type-prefix longname
 \E   \E 
   \E data-stack   stack-prefix S:
   \E fp-stack     stack-prefix F:
 \E return-stack stack-prefix R:  \E return-stack stack-prefix R:
 \E inst-stream  stack-prefix #  \E inst-stream  stack-prefix #
 \E   \E 
 \E set-current  \E set-current
   \E store-optimization on
   \E ' noop tail-nextp2 ! \ now INST_TAIL just stores, but does not jump
   \E
   \E `include-skipped-insts' on \ static superinsts include cells for components
   \E                            \ useful for dynamic programming and
   \E                            \ superinsts across entry points
   
 \   \ 
 \   \ 
Line 125 Line 137
 \ throw execute, cfa and NEXT1 out?  \ throw execute, cfa and NEXT1 out?
 \ macroize *ip, ip++, *ip++ (pipelining)?  \ macroize *ip, ip++, *ip++ (pipelining)?
   
   \ Stack caching setup
   
   ifdef(`STACK_CACHE_FILE', `include(STACK_CACHE_FILE)', `include(cache0.vmg)')
   
 \ these m4 macros would collide with identifiers  \ these m4 macros would collide with identifiers
 undefine(`index')  undefine(`index')
 undefine(`shift')  undefine(`shift')
   undefine(`symbols')
   
   \F 0 [if]
   
   \ run-time routines for non-primitives.  They are defined as
   \ primitives, because that simplifies things.
   
   (docol) ( -- R:a_retaddr )      gforth-internal paren_docol
   ""run-time routine for colon definitions""
   #ifdef NO_IP
   a_retaddr = next_code;
   INST_TAIL;
   goto **(Label *)PFA(CFA);
   #else /* !defined(NO_IP) */
   a_retaddr = (Cell *)IP;
   SET_IP((Xt *)PFA(CFA));
   #endif /* !defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (docon) ( -- w )        gforth-internal paren_docon
   ""run-time routine for constants""
   w = *(Cell *)PFA(CFA);
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *next_code;
   #endif /* defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (dovar) ( -- a_body )   gforth-internal paren_dovar
   ""run-time routine for variables and CREATEd words""
   a_body = PFA(CFA);
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *next_code;
   #endif /* defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (douser) ( -- a_user )  gforth-internal paren_douser
   ""run-time routine for constants""
   a_user = (Cell *)(up+*(Cell *)PFA(CFA));
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *next_code;
   #endif /* defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (dodefer) ( -- )        gforth-internal paren_dodefer
   ""run-time routine for deferred words""
   #ifndef NO_IP
   ip=IP; /* undo any ip updating that may have been performed by NEXT_P0 */
   #endif /* !defined(NO_IP) */
   SUPER_END; /* !! probably unnecessary and may lead to measurement errors */
   VM_JUMP(EXEC1(*(Xt *)PFA(CFA)));
   
   (dofield) ( n1 -- n2 )  gforth-internal paren_field
   ""run-time routine for fields""
   n2 = n1 + *(Cell *)PFA(CFA);
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *next_code;
   #endif /* defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (dovalue) ( -- w )      gforth-internal paren_doval
   ""run-time routine for constants""
   w = *(Cell *)PFA(CFA);
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *next_code;
   #endif /* defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (dodoes) ( -- a_body R:a_retaddr )      gforth-internal paren_dodoes
   ""run-time routine for @code{does>}-defined words""
   #ifdef NO_IP
   a_retaddr = next_code;
   a_body = PFA(CFA);
   INST_TAIL;
   #ifdef DEBUG
   fprintf(stderr, "dodoes to %x, push %x\n", a_retaddr, a_body);
   #endif
   goto **(Label *)DOES_CODE1(CFA);
   #else /* !defined(NO_IP) */
   a_retaddr = (Cell *)IP;
   a_body = PFA(CFA);
   #ifdef DEBUG
   fprintf(stderr, "dodoes to %x, push %x\n", a_retaddr, a_body);
   #endif
   SET_IP(DOES_CODE1(CFA));
   #endif /* !defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (doabicode) ( ... -- ...)       gforth-internal paren_doabicode
   ""run-time routine for @code{ABI-code} definitions""
   abifunc *f = (abifunc *)PFA(CFA);
   Float *fp_mem = fp;
   sp = (*f)(sp, &fp_mem);
   fp = fp_mem;
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *next_code;
   #endif /* defined(NO_IP) */
   
   (do;abicode) ( ... -- ... ) gforth-internal paren_do_semicolon_abi_code
   ""run-time routine for @code{;abi-code}-defined words""
   Float *fp_mem = fp;
   Address body = (Address)PFA(CFA);
   semiabifunc *f = (semiabifunc *)DOES_CODE1(CFA);
   sp = (*f)(sp, &fp_mem, body);
   fp = fp_mem;
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *next_code;
   #endif /* defined(NO_IP) */
   
   \F [endif]
   
   \g control
   
 noop    ( -- )          gforth  noop    ( -- )          gforth
 :  :
  ;   ;
   
 lit     ( #w -- w )             gforth  call    ( #a_callee -- R:a_retaddr )    new
 :  ""Call callee (a variant of docol with inline argument).""
  r> dup @ swap cell+ >r ;  #ifdef NO_IP
   assert(0);
   INST_TAIL;
   JUMP(a_callee);
   #else
   #ifdef DEBUG
       {
         CFA_TO_NAME((((Cell *)a_callee)-2));
         fprintf(stderr,"%08lx: call %08lx %.*s\n",(Cell)ip,(Cell)a_callee,
                 len,name);
       }
   #endif
   a_retaddr = (Cell *)IP;
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_callee);
   #endif
   
 execute ( xt -- )               core  execute ( xt -- )               core
 ""Perform the semantics represented by the execution token, @i{xt}.""  ""Perform the semantics represented by the execution token, @i{xt}.""
   #ifdef DEBUG
   fprintf(stderr, "execute %08x\n", xt);
   #endif
   #ifndef NO_IP
 ip=IP;  ip=IP;
 IF_spTOS(spTOS = sp[0]);  #endif
 EXEC(xt);  SUPER_END;
   VM_JUMP(EXEC1(xt));
   
 perform ( a_addr -- )   gforth  perform ( a_addr -- )   gforth
 ""@code{@@ execute}.""  ""@code{@@ execute}.""
 /* and pfe */  /* and pfe */
   #ifndef NO_IP
 ip=IP;  ip=IP;
 IF_spTOS(spTOS = sp[0]);  #endif
 EXEC(*(Xt *)a_addr);  SUPER_END;
   VM_JUMP(EXEC1(*(Xt *)a_addr));
 :  :
  @ execute ;   @ execute ;
   
 \fhas? skipbranchprims 0= [IF]  ;s      ( R:w -- )              gforth  semis
   ""The primitive compiled by @code{EXIT}.""
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   goto *(void *)w;
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)w);
   #endif
   
   unloop  ( R:w1 R:w2 -- )        core
   /* !! alias for 2rdrop */
   :
    r> rdrop rdrop >r ;
   
   lit-perform     ( #a_addr -- )  new     lit_perform
   #ifndef NO_IP
   ip=IP;
   #endif
   SUPER_END;
   VM_JUMP(EXEC1(*(Xt *)a_addr));
   
   does-exec ( #a_cfa -- R:nest a_pfa )    new     does_exec
   #ifdef NO_IP
   /* compiled to LIT CALL by compile_prim */
   assert(0);
   #else
   a_pfa = PFA(a_cfa);
   nest = (Cell)IP;
   #ifdef DEBUG
       {
         CFA_TO_NAME(a_cfa);
         fprintf(stderr,"%08lx: does %08lx %.*s\n",
                 (Cell)ip,(Cell)a_cfa,len,name);
       }
   #endif
   SET_IP(DOES_CODE1(a_cfa));
   #endif
   
 \+glocals  \+glocals
   
 branch-lp+!#    ( #ndisp #nlocals -- )  gforth  branch_lp_plus_store_number  branch-lp+!# ( #a_target #nlocals -- )  gforth  branch_lp_plus_store_number
 /* this will probably not be used */  /* this will probably not be used */
 lp += nlocals;  lp += nlocals;
 SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-2))+ndisp));  #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   JUMP(a_target);
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
   
 \+  \+
   
 branch  ( #ndisp -- )           gforth  branch  ( #a_target -- )        gforth
 SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   JUMP(a_target);
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
 :  :
  r> dup @ + >r ;   r> @ >r ;
   
 \ condbranch(forthname,stackeffect,restline,code,forthcode)  \ condbranch(forthname,stackeffect,restline,code1,code2,forthcode)
 \ this is non-syntactical: code must open a brace that is closed by the macro  \ this is non-syntactical: code must open a brace that is closed by the macro
 define(condbranch,  define(condbranch,
 $1 ( `#'ndisp $2 ) $3  $1 ( `#'a_target $2 ) $3
 $4      SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  $4      #ifdef NO_IP
 TAIL;  INST_TAIL;
   #endif
   $5      #ifdef NO_IP
   JUMP(a_target);
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   ifelse(condbranch_opt,`1',`INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;',`/* condbranch_opt=0 */')
   #endif
 }  }
 $5  ifelse(condbranch_opt,`1',`SUPER_CONTINUE;',`/* condbranch_opt=0 */')
   $6
   
 \+glocals  \+glocals
   
 $1-lp+!`#' ( `#'ndisp `#'nlocals $2 ) $3_lp_plus_store_number  $1-lp+!`#' ( `#'a_target `#'nlocals $2 ) $3_lp_plus_store_number
 $4    lp += nlocals;  $4      #ifdef NO_IP
 SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-2))+ndisp));  INST_TAIL;
 TAIL;  #endif
   $5      lp += nlocals;
   #ifdef NO_IP
   JUMP(a_target);
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   ifelse(condbranch_opt,`1',`INST_TAIL; NEXT_P2;',`/* condbranch_opt=0 */')
   #endif
 }  }
   ifelse(condbranch_opt,`1',`SUPER_CONTINUE;',`/* condbranch_opt=0 */')
   
 \+  \+
 )  )
   
 condbranch(?branch,f --,f83     question_branch,  condbranch(?branch,f --,f83     question_branch,
 if (f==0) {  ,if (f==0) {
 ,:  ,:
  0= dup     \ !f !f   0= dup 0=          \ !f f
  r> dup @   \ !f !f IP branchoffset   r> tuck cell+      \ !f branchoffset f IP+
  rot and +  \ !f IP|IP+branchoffset   and -rot @ and or  \ f&IP+|!f&branch
  swap 0= cell and + \ IP''  
  >r ;)   >r ;)
   
 \ we don't need an lp_plus_store version of the ?dup-stuff, because it  \ we don't need an lp_plus_store version of the ?dup-stuff, because it
Line 201  if (f==0) { Line 411  if (f==0) {
   
 \+xconds  \+xconds
   
 ?dup-?branch    ( #ndisp f -- f )       new     question_dupe_question_branch  ?dup-?branch    ( #a_target f -- S:... )        new     question_dupe_question_branch
 ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-IF}.""  ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-IF}.""
 if (f==0) {  if (f==0) {
   sp++;  #ifdef NO_IP
   IF_spTOS(spTOS = sp[0]);  INST_TAIL;
   SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  JUMP(a_target);
   TAIL;  #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
   } else {
   sp--;
   sp[0]=f;
 }  }
   
 ?dup-0=-?branch ( #ndisp f -- ) new     question_dupe_zero_equals_question_branch  ?dup-0=-?branch ( #a_target f -- S:... ) new    question_dupe_zero_equals_question_branch
 ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-0=-IF}.""  ""The run-time procedure compiled by @code{?DUP-0=-IF}.""
 /* the approach taken here of declaring the word as having the stack  
 effect ( f -- ) and correcting for it in the branch-taken case costs a  
 few cycles in that case, but is easy to convert to a CONDBRANCH  
 invocation */  
 if (f!=0) {  if (f!=0) {
   sp--;    sp--;
   SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));    sp[0]=f;
   NEXT;  #ifdef NO_IP
     JUMP(a_target);
   #else
     SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
 }  }
   
 \+  \+
 \f[THEN]  
 \fhas? skiploopprims 0= [IF]  \fhas? skiploopprims 0= [IF]
   
 condbranch((next),R:n1 -- R:n2,cmFORTH  paren_next,  condbranch((next),R:n1 -- R:n2,cmFORTH  paren_next,
 n2=n1-1;  n2=n1-1;
 if (n1) {  ,if (n1) {
 ,:  ,:
  r> r> dup 1- >r   r> r> dup 1- >r
  IF dup @ + >r ELSE cell+ >r THEN ;)   IF @ >r ELSE cell+ >r THEN ;)
   
 condbranch((loop),R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_loop,  condbranch((loop),R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_loop,
 n2=n1+1;  n2=n1+1;
 if (n2 != nlimit) {  ,if (n2 != nlimit) {
 ,:  ,:
  r> r> 1+ r> 2dup =   r> r> 1+ r> 2dup =
  IF >r 1- >r cell+ >r   IF >r 1- >r cell+ >r
  ELSE >r >r dup @ + >r THEN ;)   ELSE >r >r @ >r THEN ;)
   
 condbranch((+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_plus_loop,  condbranch((+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_plus_loop,
 /* !! check this thoroughly */  /* !! check this thoroughly */
Line 247  condbranch((+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R: Line 461  condbranch((+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:
 /* dependent upon two's complement arithmetic */  /* dependent upon two's complement arithmetic */
 Cell olddiff = n1-nlimit;  Cell olddiff = n1-nlimit;
 n2=n1+n;          n2=n1+n;        
 if ((olddiff^(olddiff+n))>=0   /* the limit is not crossed */  ,if (((olddiff^(olddiff+n))    /* the limit is not crossed */
     || (olddiff^n)>=0          /* it is a wrap-around effect */) {       &(olddiff^n))             /* OR it is a wrap-around effect */
       >=0) { /* & is used to avoid having two branches for gforth-native */
 ,:  ,:
  r> swap   r> swap
  r> r> 2dup - >r   r> r> 2dup - >r
  2 pick r@ + r@ xor 0< 0=   2 pick r@ + r@ xor 0< 0=
  3 pick r> xor 0< 0= or   3 pick r> xor 0< 0= or
  IF    >r + >r dup @ + >r   IF    >r + >r @ >r
  ELSE  >r >r drop cell+ >r THEN ;)   ELSE  >r >r drop cell+ >r THEN ;)
   
 \+xconds  \+xconds
Line 262  if ((olddiff^(olddiff+n))>=0   /* the li Line 477  if ((olddiff^(olddiff+n))>=0   /* the li
 condbranch((-loop),u R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_minus_loop,  condbranch((-loop),u R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth paren_minus_loop,
 UCell olddiff = n1-nlimit;  UCell olddiff = n1-nlimit;
 n2=n1-u;  n2=n1-u;
 if (olddiff>u) {  ,if (olddiff>u) {
 ,)  ,)
   
 condbranch((s+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth     paren_symmetric_plus_loop,  condbranch((s+loop),n R:nlimit R:n1 -- R:nlimit R:n2,gforth     paren_symmetric_plus_loop,
Line 277  if (n<0) { Line 492  if (n<0) {
     newdiff = -newdiff;      newdiff = -newdiff;
 }  }
 n2=n1+n;  n2=n1+n;
 if (diff>=0 || newdiff<0) {  ,if (((~diff)|newdiff)<0) { /* use | to avoid two branches for gforth-native */
 ,)  ,)
   
 \+  \+
   
 unloop  ( R:w1 R:w2 -- )        core  (for)   ( ncount -- R:nlimit R:ncount )         cmFORTH         paren_for
 /* !! alias for 2rdrop */  
 :  
  r> rdrop rdrop >r ;  
   
 (for)   ( ncount -- R:nlimit R:ncount )         cmFORTH         paren_for  
 /* or (for) = >r -- collides with unloop! */  /* or (for) = >r -- collides with unloop! */
 nlimit=0;  nlimit=0;
 :  :
  r> swap 0 >r >r >r ;   r> swap 0 >r >r >r ;
   
 (do)    ( nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart )  gforth          paren_do  (do)    ( nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart )  gforth          paren_do
 :  :
  r> swap rot >r >r >r ;   r> swap rot >r >r >r ;
   
 (?do)   ( #ndisp nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart )   gforth  paren_question_do  (?do) ( #a_target nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart ) gforth   paren_question_do
   #ifdef NO_IP
       INST_TAIL;
   #endif
 if (nstart == nlimit) {  if (nstart == nlimit) {
     SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  #ifdef NO_IP
     TAIL;      JUMP(a_target);
   #else
       SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
 }  }
 :  :
   2dup =    2dup =
   IF   r> swap rot >r >r    IF   r> swap rot >r >r
        dup @ + >r         @ >r
   ELSE r> swap rot >r >r    ELSE r> swap rot >r >r
        cell+ >r         cell+ >r
   THEN ;                                \ --> CORE-EXT    THEN ;                                \ --> CORE-EXT
   
 \+xconds  \+xconds
   
 (+do)   ( #ndisp nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart )   gforth  paren_plus_do  (+do)   ( #a_target nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart ) gforth paren_plus_do
   #ifdef NO_IP
       INST_TAIL;
   #endif
 if (nstart >= nlimit) {  if (nstart >= nlimit) {
     SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  #ifdef NO_IP
     TAIL;      JUMP(a_target);
   #else
       SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
 }  }
 :  :
  swap 2dup   swap 2dup
  r> swap >r swap >r   r> swap >r swap >r
  >=   >=
  IF   IF
      dup @ +       @
  ELSE   ELSE
      cell+       cell+
  THEN  >r ;   THEN  >r ;
   
 (u+do)  ( #ndisp ulimit ustart -- R:ulimit R:ustart )   gforth  paren_u_plus_do  (u+do)  ( #a_target ulimit ustart -- R:ulimit R:ustart ) gforth paren_u_plus_do
   #ifdef NO_IP
       INST_TAIL;
   #endif
 if (ustart >= ulimit) {  if (ustart >= ulimit) {
     SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  #ifdef NO_IP
     TAIL;  JUMP(a_target);
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
 }  }
 :  :
  swap 2dup   swap 2dup
  r> swap >r swap >r   r> swap >r swap >r
  u>=   u>=
  IF   IF
      dup @ +       @
  ELSE   ELSE
      cell+       cell+
  THEN  >r ;   THEN  >r ;
   
 (-do)   ( #ndisp nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart )   gforth  paren_minus_do  (-do)   ( #a_target nlimit nstart -- R:nlimit R:nstart ) gforth paren_minus_do
   #ifdef NO_IP
       INST_TAIL;
   #endif
 if (nstart <= nlimit) {  if (nstart <= nlimit) {
     SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  #ifdef NO_IP
     TAIL;  JUMP(a_target);
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
 }  }
 :  :
  swap 2dup   swap 2dup
  r> swap >r swap >r   r> swap >r swap >r
  <=   <=
  IF   IF
      dup @ +       @
  ELSE   ELSE
      cell+       cell+
  THEN  >r ;   THEN  >r ;
   
 (u-do)  ( #ndisp ulimit ustart -- R:ulimit R:ustart )   gforth  paren_u_minus_do  (u-do)  ( #a_target ulimit ustart -- R:ulimit R:ustart ) gforth paren_u_minus_do
   #ifdef NO_IP
       INST_TAIL;
   #endif
 if (ustart <= ulimit) {  if (ustart <= ulimit) {
     SET_IP((Xt *)(((Cell)(IP-1))+ndisp));  #ifdef NO_IP
     TAIL;  JUMP(a_target);
   #else
   SET_IP((Xt *)a_target);
   #endif
 }  }
 :  :
  swap 2dup   swap 2dup
  r> swap >r swap >r   r> swap >r swap >r
  u<=   u<=
  IF   IF
      dup @ +       @
  ELSE   ELSE
      cell+       cell+
  THEN  >r ;   THEN  >r ;
   
   (try1)  ( ... a_oldhandler a_recovery -- R:a_recovery R:a_sp R:f_fp R:c_lp R:a_oldhandler a_newhandler ) gforth paren_try1
   a_sp = sp-1;
   f_fp = fp;
   c_lp = lp;
   a_newhandler = rp-5;
   
   (throw1) ( ... wball a_handler -- ... wball ) gforth paren_throw1
   rp = a_handler;
   lp = (Address)rp[1];
   fp = (Float *)rp[2];
   sp = (Cell *)rp[3];
   #ifndef NO_IP
   ip=IP;
   #endif
   SUPER_END;
   VM_JUMP(EXEC1(*(Xt *)rp[4]));
     
   
 \+  \+
   
 \ don't make any assumptions where the return stack is!!  \ don't make any assumptions where the return stack is!!
Line 388  i' ( R:w R:w2 -- R:w R:w2 w )  gforth  i Line 646  i' ( R:w R:w2 -- R:w R:w2 w )  gforth  i
   r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r itmp @ ;    r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r itmp @ ;
 variable itmp  variable itmp
   
 j       ( R:n R:d1 -- n R:n R:d1 )              core  j       ( R:w R:w1 R:w2 -- w R:w R:w1 R:w2 )    core
 :  :
 \ rp@ cell+ cell+ cell+ @ ;  \ rp@ cell+ cell+ cell+ @ ;
   r> r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r >r itmp @ ;    r> r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r >r itmp @ ;
 [IFUNDEF] itmp variable itmp [THEN]  [IFUNDEF] itmp variable itmp [THEN]
   
 k       ( R:n R:d1 R:d2 -- n R:n R:d1 R:d2 )            gforth  k       ( R:w R:w1 R:w2 R:w3 R:w4 -- w R:w R:w1 R:w2 R:w3 R:w4 )        gforth
 :  :
 \ rp@ [ 5 cells ] Literal + @ ;  \ rp@ [ 5 cells ] Literal + @ ;
   r> r> r> r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r >r >r >r itmp @ ;    r> r> r> r> r> r> dup itmp ! >r >r >r >r >r >r itmp @ ;
Line 404  k ( R:n R:d1 R:d2 -- n R:n R:d1 R:d2 ) Line 662  k ( R:n R:d1 R:d2 -- n R:n R:d1 R:d2 )
   
 \ digit is high-level: 0/0%  \ digit is high-level: 0/0%
   
   \g strings
   
 move    ( c_from c_to ucount -- )               core  move    ( c_from c_to ucount -- )               core
 ""Copy the contents of @i{ucount} aus at @i{c-from} to  ""Copy the contents of @i{ucount} aus at @i{c-from} to
 @i{c-to}. @code{move} works correctly even if the two areas overlap.""  @i{c-to}. @code{move} works correctly even if the two areas overlap.""
Line 418  cmove ( c_from c_to u -- ) string c_move Line 678  cmove ( c_from c_to u -- ) string c_move
 @i{c-from} to @i{c-to}. The copy proceeds @code{char}-by-@code{char}  @i{c-from} to @i{c-to}. The copy proceeds @code{char}-by-@code{char}
 from low address to high address; i.e., for overlapping areas it is  from low address to high address; i.e., for overlapping areas it is
 safe if @i{c-to}=<@i{c-from}.""  safe if @i{c-to}=<@i{c-from}.""
 while (u-- > 0)  cmove(c_from,c_to,u);
   *c_to++ = *c_from++;  
 :  :
  bounds ?DO  dup c@ I c! 1+  LOOP  drop ;   bounds ?DO  dup c@ I c! 1+  LOOP  drop ;
   
Line 428  cmove> ( c_from c_to u -- ) string c_mov Line 687  cmove> ( c_from c_to u -- ) string c_mov
 @i{c-from} to @i{c-to}. The copy proceeds @code{char}-by-@code{char}  @i{c-from} to @i{c-to}. The copy proceeds @code{char}-by-@code{char}
 from high address to low address; i.e., for overlapping areas it is  from high address to low address; i.e., for overlapping areas it is
 safe if @i{c-to}>=@i{c-from}.""  safe if @i{c-to}>=@i{c-from}.""
 while (u-- > 0)  cmove_up(c_from,c_to,u);
   c_to[u] = c_from[u];  
 :  :
  dup 0= IF  drop 2drop exit  THEN   dup 0= IF  drop 2drop exit  THEN
  rot over + -rot bounds swap 1-   rot over + -rot bounds swap 1-
Line 449  is 1. Currently this is based on the mac Line 707  is 1. Currently this is based on the mac
 comparison. In the future, this may change to consider the current  comparison. In the future, this may change to consider the current
 locale and its collation order.""  locale and its collation order.""
 /* close ' to keep fontify happy */   /* close ' to keep fontify happy */ 
 n = memcmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u1<u2 ? u1 : u2);  n = compare(c_addr1, u1, c_addr2, u2);
 if (n==0)  
   n = u1-u2;  
 if (n<0)  
   n = -1;  
 else if (n>0)  
   n = 1;  
 :  :
  rot 2dup swap - >r min swap -text dup   rot 2dup swap - >r min swap -text dup
  IF  rdrop  ELSE  drop r> sgn  THEN ;   IF  rdrop  ELSE  drop r> sgn  THEN ;
 : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )  : -text ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )
  dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;  
   
 -text   ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )      new     dash_text  
 n = memcmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u);  
 if (n<0)  
   n = -1;  
 else if (n>0)  
   n = 1;  
 :  
  swap bounds   swap bounds
  ?DO  dup c@ I c@ = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0   ?DO  dup c@ I c@ = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
  ELSE  c@ I c@ - unloop  THEN  sgn ;   ELSE  c@ I c@ - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
 : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )  : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
  dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;   dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
   
   \ -text is only used by replaced primitives now; move it elsewhere
   \ -text ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )      new     dash_text
   \ n = memcmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u);
   \ if (n<0)
   \   n = -1;
   \ else if (n>0)
   \   n = 1;
   \ :
   \  swap bounds
   \  ?DO  dup c@ I c@ = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
   \  ELSE  c@ I c@ - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
   \ : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
   \  dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
   
 toupper ( c1 -- c2 )    gforth  toupper ( c1 -- c2 )    gforth
 ""If @i{c1} is a lower-case character (in the current locale), @i{c2}  ""If @i{c1} is a lower-case character (in the current locale), @i{c2}
 is the equivalent upper-case character. All other characters are unchanged.""  is the equivalent upper-case character. All other characters are unchanged.""
Line 482  c2 = toupper(c1); Line 739  c2 = toupper(c1);
 :  :
  dup [char] a - [ char z char a - 1 + ] Literal u<  bl and - ;   dup [char] a - [ char z char a - 1 + ] Literal u<  bl and - ;
   
 capscomp        ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )      new  capscompare     ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- n )  gforth
 n = memcasecmp(c_addr1, c_addr2, u); /* !! use something that works in all locales */  ""Compare two strings lexicographically. If they are equal, @i{n} is 0; if
 if (n<0)  the first string is smaller, @i{n} is -1; if the first string is larger, @i{n}
   n = -1;  is 1. Currently this is based on the machine's character
 else if (n>0)  comparison. In the future, this may change to consider the current
   n = 1;  locale and its collation order.""
 :  /* close ' to keep fontify happy */ 
  swap bounds  n = capscompare(c_addr1, u1, c_addr2, u2);
  ?DO  dup c@ I c@ <>  
      IF  dup c@ toupper I c@ toupper =  
      ELSE  true  THEN  WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0  
  ELSE  c@ toupper I c@ toupper - unloop  THEN  sgn ;  
   
 -trailing       ( c_addr u1 -- c_addr u2 )              string  dash_trailing  
 ""Adjust the string specified by @i{c-addr, u1} to remove all trailing  
 spaces. @i{u2} is the length of the modified string.""  
 u2 = u1;  
 while (u2>0 && c_addr[u2-1] == ' ')  
   u2--;  
 :  
  BEGIN  1- 2dup + c@ bl =  WHILE  
         dup  0= UNTIL  ELSE  1+  THEN ;  
   
 /string ( c_addr1 u1 n -- c_addr2 u2 )  string  slash_string  /string ( c_addr1 u1 n -- c_addr2 u2 )  string  slash_string
 ""Adjust the string specified by @i{c-addr1, u1} to remove @i{n}  ""Adjust the string specified by @i{c-addr1, u1} to remove @i{n}
Line 513  u2 = u1-n; Line 756  u2 = u1-n;
 :  :
  tuck - >r + r> dup 0< IF  - 0  THEN ;   tuck - >r + r> dup 0< IF  - 0  THEN ;
   
   \g arith
   
   lit     ( #w -- w )             gforth
   :
    r> dup @ swap cell+ >r ;
   
 +       ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    plus  +       ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    plus
 n = n1+n2;  n = n1+n2;
   
   \ lit+ / lit_plus = lit +
   
   lit+    ( n1 #n2 -- n )         new     lit_plus
   #ifdef DEBUG
   fprintf(stderr, "lit+ %08x\n", n2);
   #endif
   n=n1+n2;
   
 \ PFE-0.9.14 has it differently, but the next release will have it as follows  \ PFE-0.9.14 has it differently, but the next release will have it as follows
 under+  ( n1 n2 n3 -- n n2 )    gforth  under_plus  under+  ( n1 n2 n3 -- n n2 )    gforth  under_plus
 ""add @i{n3} to @i{n1} (giving @i{n})""  ""add @i{n3} to @i{n1} (giving @i{n})""
Line 575  n = n1*n2; Line 832  n = n1*n2;
   
 /       ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    slash  /       ( n1 n2 -- n )          core    slash
 n = n1/n2;  n = n1/n2;
   if (CHECK_DIVISION_SW && n2 == 0)
     throw(BALL_DIVZERO);
   if (CHECK_DIVISION_SW && n2 == -1 && n1 == CELL_MIN)
     throw(BALL_RESULTRANGE);
   if (FLOORED_DIV && ((n1^n2) < 0) && (n1%n2 != 0))
     n--;
 :  :
  /mod nip ;   /mod nip ;
   
 mod     ( n1 n2 -- n )          core  mod     ( n1 n2 -- n )          core
 n = n1%n2;  n = n1%n2;
   if (CHECK_DIVISION_SW && n2 == 0)
     throw(BALL_DIVZERO);
   if (CHECK_DIVISION_SW && n2 == -1 && n1 == CELL_MIN)
     throw(BALL_RESULTRANGE);
   if(FLOORED_DIV && ((n1^n2) < 0) && n!=0) n += n2;
 :  :
  /mod drop ;   /mod drop ;
   
 /mod    ( n1 n2 -- n3 n4 )              core            slash_mod  /mod    ( n1 n2 -- n3 n4 )              core            slash_mod
 n4 = n1/n2;  n4 = n1/n2;
 n3 = n1%n2; /* !! is this correct? look into C standard! */  n3 = n1%n2; /* !! is this correct? look into C standard! */
   if (CHECK_DIVISION_SW && n2 == 0)
     throw(BALL_DIVZERO);
   if (CHECK_DIVISION_SW && n2 == -1 && n1 == CELL_MIN)
     throw(BALL_RESULTRANGE);
   if (FLOORED_DIV && ((n1^n2) < 0) && n3!=0) {
     n4--;
     n3+=n2;
   }
 :  :
  >r s>d r> fm/mod ;   >r s>d r> fm/mod ;
   
   */mod   ( n1 n2 n3 -- n4 n5 )   core    star_slash_mod
   ""n1*n2=n3*n5+n4, with the intermediate result (n1*n2) being double.""
   #ifdef BUGGY_LL_MUL
   DCell d = mmul(n1,n2);
   #else
   DCell d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2;
   #endif
   #ifdef ASM_SM_SLASH_REM
   ASM_SM_SLASH_REM(DLO(d), DHI(d), n3, n4, n5);
   if (FLOORED_DIV && ((DHI(d)^n3)<0) && n4!=0) {
     if (CHECK_DIVISION && n5 == CELL_MIN)
       throw(BALL_RESULTRANGE);
     n5--;
     n4+=n3;
   }
   #else
   DCell r = FLOORED_DIV ? fmdiv(d,n3) : smdiv(d,n3);
   n4=DHI(r);
   n5=DLO(r);
   #endif
   :
    >r m* r> fm/mod ;
   
   */      ( n1 n2 n3 -- n4 )      core    star_slash
   ""n4=(n1*n2)/n3, with the intermediate result being double.""
   #ifdef BUGGY_LL_MUL
   DCell d = mmul(n1,n2);
   #else
   DCell d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2;
   #endif
   #ifdef ASM_SM_SLASH_REM
   Cell remainder;
   ASM_SM_SLASH_REM(DLO(d), DHI(d), n3, remainder, n4);
   if (FLOORED_DIV && ((DHI(d)^n3)<0) && remainder!=0) {
     if (CHECK_DIVISION && n4 == CELL_MIN)
       throw(BALL_RESULTRANGE);
     n4--;
   }
   #else
   DCell r = FLOORED_DIV ? fmdiv(d,n3) : smdiv(d,n3);
   n4=DLO(r);
   #endif
   :
    */mod nip ;
   
 2*      ( n1 -- n2 )            core            two_star  2*      ( n1 -- n2 )            core            two_star
 ""Shift left by 1; also works on unsigned numbers""  ""Shift left by 1; also works on unsigned numbers""
 n2 = 2*n1;  n2 = 2*n1;
Line 601  division by 2 (note that @code{/} not ne Line 922  division by 2 (note that @code{/} not ne
 n2 = n1>>1;  n2 = n1>>1;
 :  :
  dup MINI and IF 1 ELSE 0 THEN   dup MINI and IF 1 ELSE 0 THEN
  [ bits/byte cell * 1- ] literal    [ bits/char cell * 1- ] literal 
  0 DO 2* swap dup 2* >r MINI and    0 DO 2* swap dup 2* >r MINI and 
      IF 1 ELSE 0 THEN or r> swap       IF 1 ELSE 0 THEN or r> swap
  LOOP nip ;   LOOP nip ;
   
 fm/mod  ( d1 n1 -- n2 n3 )              core            f_m_slash_mod  fm/mod  ( d1 n1 -- n2 n3 )              core            f_m_slash_mod
 ""Floored division: @i{d1} = @i{n3}*@i{n1}+@i{n2}, @i{n1}>@i{n2}>=0 or 0>=@i{n2}>@i{n1}.""  ""Floored division: @i{d1} = @i{n3}*@i{n1}+@i{n2}, @i{n1}>@i{n2}>=0 or 0>=@i{n2}>@i{n1}.""
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef ASM_SM_SLASH_REM
 DCell r = fmdiv(d1,n1);  ASM_SM_SLASH_REM(DLO(d1), DHI(d1), n1, n2, n3);
 n2=r.hi;  if (((DHI(d1)^n1)<0) && n2!=0) {
 n3=r.lo;    if (CHECK_DIVISION && n3 == CELL_MIN)
 #else      throw(BALL_RESULTRANGE);
 /* assumes that the processor uses either floored or symmetric division */  
 n3 = d1/n1;  
 n2 = d1%n1;  
 /* note that this 1%-3>0 is optimized by the compiler */  
 if (1%-3>0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) {  
   n3--;    n3--;
   n2+=n1;    n2+=n1;
 }  }
 #endif  #else /* !defined(ASM_SM_SLASH_REM) */
   DCell r = fmdiv(d1,n1);
   n2=DHI(r);
   n3=DLO(r);
   #endif /* !defined(ASM_SM_SLASH_REM) */
 :  :
  dup >r dup 0< IF  negate >r dnegate r>  THEN   dup >r dup 0< IF  negate >r dnegate r>  THEN
  over       0< IF  tuck + swap  THEN   over       0< IF  tuck + swap  THEN
Line 630  if (1%-3>0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) Line 950  if (1%-3>0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0)
   
 sm/rem  ( d1 n1 -- n2 n3 )              core            s_m_slash_rem  sm/rem  ( d1 n1 -- n2 n3 )              core            s_m_slash_rem
 ""Symmetric division: @i{d1} = @i{n3}*@i{n1}+@i{n2}, sign(@i{n2})=sign(@i{d1}) or 0.""  ""Symmetric division: @i{d1} = @i{n3}*@i{n1}+@i{n2}, sign(@i{n2})=sign(@i{d1}) or 0.""
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef ASM_SM_SLASH_REM
   ASM_SM_SLASH_REM(DLO(d1), DHI(d1), n1, n2, n3);
   #else /* !defined(ASM_SM_SLASH_REM) */
 DCell r = smdiv(d1,n1);  DCell r = smdiv(d1,n1);
 n2=r.hi;  n2=DHI(r);
 n3=r.lo;  n3=DLO(r);
 #else  #endif /* !defined(ASM_SM_SLASH_REM) */
 /* assumes that the processor uses either floored or symmetric division */  
 n3 = d1/n1;  
 n2 = d1%n1;  
 /* note that this 1%-3<0 is optimized by the compiler */  
 if (1%-3<0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) {  
   n3++;  
   n2-=n1;  
 }  
 #endif  
 :  :
  over >r dup >r abs -rot   over >r dup >r abs -rot
  dabs rot um/mod   dabs rot um/mod
Line 651  if (1%-3<0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0) Line 964  if (1%-3<0 && (d1<0) != (n1<0) && n2!=0)
  r>        0< IF  swap negate swap  THEN ;   r>        0< IF  swap negate swap  THEN ;
   
 m*      ( n1 n2 -- d )          core    m_star  m*      ( n1 n2 -- d )          core    m_star
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_MUL
 d = mmul(n1,n2);  d = mmul(n1,n2);
 #else  #else
 d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2;  d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2;
Line 663  d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2; Line 976  d = (DCell)n1 * (DCell)n2;
   
 um*     ( u1 u2 -- ud )         core    u_m_star  um*     ( u1 u2 -- ud )         core    u_m_star
 /* use u* as alias */  /* use u* as alias */
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_MUL
 ud = ummul(u1,u2);  ud = ummul(u1,u2);
 #else  #else
 ud = (UDCell)u1 * (UDCell)u2;  ud = (UDCell)u1 * (UDCell)u2;
 #endif  #endif
 :  :
    >r >r 0 0 r> r> [ 8 cells ] literal 0     0 -rot dup [ 8 cells ] literal -
    DO     DO
        over >r dup >r 0< and d2*+ drop          dup 0< I' and d2*+ drop
        r> 2* r> swap     LOOP ;
    LOOP 2drop ;  
 : d2*+ ( ud n -- ud+n c )  : d2*+ ( ud n -- ud+n c )
    over MINI     over MINI
    and >r >r 2dup d+ swap r> + swap r> ;     and >r >r 2dup d+ swap r> + swap r> ;
   
 um/mod  ( ud u1 -- u2 u3 )              core    u_m_slash_mod  um/mod  ( ud u1 -- u2 u3 )              core    u_m_slash_mod
 ""ud=u3*u1+u2, u1>u2>=0""  ""ud=u3*u1+u2, u1>u2>=0""
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef ASM_UM_SLASH_MOD
   ASM_UM_SLASH_MOD(DLO(ud), DHI(ud), u1, u2, u3);
   #else /* !defined(ASM_UM_SLASH_MOD) */
 UDCell r = umdiv(ud,u1);  UDCell r = umdiv(ud,u1);
 u2=r.hi;  u2=DHI(r);
 u3=r.lo;  u3=DLO(r);
 #else  #endif /* !defined(ASM_UM_SLASH_MOD) */
 u3 = ud/u1;  
 u2 = ud%u1;  
 #endif  
 :  :
    0 swap [ 8 cells 1 + ] literal 0     0 swap [ 8 cells 1 + ] literal 0
    ?DO /modstep     ?DO /modstep
Line 699  u2 = ud%u1; Line 1010  u2 = ud%u1;
    and >r >r 2dup d+ swap r> + swap r> ;     and >r >r 2dup d+ swap r> + swap r> ;
   
 m+      ( d1 n -- d2 )          double          m_plus  m+      ( d1 n -- d2 )          double          m_plus
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_ADD
 d2.lo = d1.lo+n;  DLO_IS(d2, DLO(d1)+n);
 d2.hi = d1.hi - (n<0) + (d2.lo<d1.lo);  DHI_IS(d2, DHI(d1) - (n<0) + (DLO(d2)<DLO(d1)));
 #else  #else
 d2 = d1+n;  d2 = d1+n;
 #endif  #endif
Line 709  d2 = d1+n; Line 1020  d2 = d1+n;
  s>d d+ ;   s>d d+ ;
   
 d+      ( d1 d2 -- d )          double  d_plus  d+      ( d1 d2 -- d )          double  d_plus
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_ADD
 d.lo = d1.lo+d2.lo;  DLO_IS(d, DLO(d1) + DLO(d2));
 d.hi = d1.hi + d2.hi + (d.lo<d1.lo);  DHI_IS(d, DHI(d1) + DHI(d2) + (d.lo<DLO(d1)));
 #else  #else
 d = d1+d2;  d = d1+d2;
 #endif  #endif
Line 719  d = d1+d2; Line 1030  d = d1+d2;
  rot + >r tuck + swap over u> r> swap - ;   rot + >r tuck + swap over u> r> swap - ;
   
 d-      ( d1 d2 -- d )          double          d_minus  d-      ( d1 d2 -- d )          double          d_minus
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_ADD
 d.lo = d1.lo - d2.lo;  DLO_IS(d, DLO(d1) - DLO(d2));
 d.hi = d1.hi-d2.hi-(d1.lo<d2.lo);  DHI_IS(d, DHI(d1)-DHI(d2)-(DLO(d1)<DLO(d2)));
 #else  #else
 d = d1-d2;  d = d1-d2;
 #endif  #endif
Line 730  d = d1-d2; Line 1041  d = d1-d2;
   
 dnegate ( d1 -- d2 )            double  d_negate  dnegate ( d1 -- d2 )            double  d_negate
 /* use dminus as alias */  /* use dminus as alias */
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_ADD
 d2 = dnegate(d1);  d2 = dnegate(d1);
 #else  #else
 d2 = -d1;  d2 = -d1;
Line 740  d2 = -d1; Line 1051  d2 = -d1;
   
 d2*     ( d1 -- d2 )            double          d_two_star  d2*     ( d1 -- d2 )            double          d_two_star
 ""Shift left by 1; also works on unsigned numbers""  ""Shift left by 1; also works on unsigned numbers""
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  d2 = DLSHIFT(d1,1);
 d2.lo = d1.lo<<1;  
 d2.hi = (d1.hi<<1) | (d1.lo>>(CELL_BITS-1));  
 #else  
 d2 = 2*d1;  
 #endif  
 :  :
  2dup d+ ;   2dup d+ ;
   
 d2/     ( d1 -- d2 )            double          d_two_slash  d2/     ( d1 -- d2 )            double          d_two_slash
 ""Arithmetic shift right by 1.  For signed numbers this is a floored  ""Arithmetic shift right by 1.  For signed numbers this is a floored
 division by 2.""  division by 2.""
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_SHIFT
 d2.hi = d1.hi>>1;  DHI_IS(d2, DHI(d1)>>1);
 d2.lo= (d1.lo>>1) | (d1.hi<<(CELL_BITS-1));  DLO_IS(d2, (DLO(d1)>>1) | (DHI(d1)<<(CELL_BITS-1)));
 #else  #else
 d2 = d1>>1;  d2 = d1>>1;
 #endif  #endif
Line 780  w2 = ~w1; Line 1086  w2 = ~w1;
   
 rshift  ( u1 n -- u2 )          core    r_shift  rshift  ( u1 n -- u2 )          core    r_shift
 ""Logical shift right by @i{n} bits.""  ""Logical shift right by @i{n} bits.""
   u2 = u1>>n;  #ifdef BROKEN_SHIFT
     u2 = rshift(u1, n);
   #else
     u2 = u1 >> n;
   #endif
 :  :
     0 ?DO 2/ MAXI and LOOP ;      0 ?DO 2/ MAXI and LOOP ;
   
 lshift  ( u1 n -- u2 )          core    l_shift  lshift  ( u1 n -- u2 )          core    l_shift
   u2 = u1<<n;  #ifdef BROKEN_SHIFT
     u2 = lshift(u1, n);
   #else
     u2 = u1 << n;
   #endif
 :  :
     0 ?DO 2* LOOP ;      0 ?DO 2* LOOP ;
   
   \g compare
   
 \ comparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)  \ comparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)
 define(comparisons,  define(comparisons,
 $1=     ( $2 -- f )             $6      $3equals  $1=     ( $2 -- f )             $6      $3equals
Line 847  comparisons(u, u1 u2, u_, u1, u2, gforth Line 1163  comparisons(u, u1 u2, u_, u1, u2, gforth
 \ dcomparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)  \ dcomparisons(prefix, args, prefix, arg1, arg2, wordsets...)
 define(dcomparisons,  define(dcomparisons,
 $1=     ( $2 -- f )             $6      $3equals  $1=     ( $2 -- f )             $6      $3equals
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_CMP
 f = FLAG($4.lo==$5.lo && $4.hi==$5.hi);  f = FLAG($4.lo==$5.lo && $4.hi==$5.hi);
 #else  #else
 f = FLAG($4==$5);  f = FLAG($4==$5);
 #endif  #endif
   
 $1<>    ( $2 -- f )             $7      $3not_equals  $1<>    ( $2 -- f )             $7      $3not_equals
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_CMP
 f = FLAG($4.lo!=$5.lo || $4.hi!=$5.hi);  f = FLAG($4.lo!=$5.lo || $4.hi!=$5.hi);
 #else  #else
 f = FLAG($4!=$5);  f = FLAG($4!=$5);
 #endif  #endif
   
 $1<     ( $2 -- f )             $8      $3less_than  $1<     ( $2 -- f )             $8      $3less_than
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_CMP
 f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<$5.lo : $4.hi<$5.hi);  f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<$5.lo : $4.hi<$5.hi);
 #else  #else
 f = FLAG($4<$5);  f = FLAG($4<$5);
 #endif  #endif
   
 $1>     ( $2 -- f )             $9      $3greater_than  $1>     ( $2 -- f )             $9      $3greater_than
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_CMP
 f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>$5.lo : $4.hi>$5.hi);  f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>$5.lo : $4.hi>$5.hi);
 #else  #else
 f = FLAG($4>$5);  f = FLAG($4>$5);
 #endif  #endif
   
 $1<=    ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3less_or_equal  $1<=    ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3less_or_equal
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_CMP
 f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<=$5.lo : $4.hi<=$5.hi);  f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo<=$5.lo : $4.hi<=$5.hi);
 #else  #else
 f = FLAG($4<=$5);  f = FLAG($4<=$5);
 #endif  #endif
   
 $1>=    ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3greater_or_equal  $1>=    ( $2 -- f )             gforth  $3greater_or_equal
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_CMP
 f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>=$5.lo : $4.hi>=$5.hi);  f = FLAG($4.hi==$5.hi ? $4.lo>=$5.lo : $4.hi>=$5.hi);
 #else  #else
 f = FLAG($4>=$5);  f = FLAG($4>=$5);
Line 910  f = FLAG(u1-u2 < u3-u2); Line 1226  f = FLAG(u1-u2 < u3-u2);
 :  :
  over - >r - r> u< ;   over - >r - r> u< ;
   
 sp@     ( -- a_addr )           gforth          sp_fetch  \g stack
 a_addr = sp+1;  
   useraddr        ( #u -- a_addr )        new
   a_addr = (Cell *)(up+u);
   
 sp!     ( a_addr -- )           gforth          sp_store  up!     ( a_addr -- )   gforth  up_store
   gforth_UP=up=(Address)a_addr;
   :
    up ! ;
   Variable UP
   
   sp@     ( S:... -- a_addr )             gforth          sp_fetch
   a_addr = sp;
   
   sp!     ( a_addr -- S:... )             gforth          sp_store
 sp = a_addr;  sp = a_addr;
 /* works with and without spTOS caching */  
   
 rp@     ( -- a_addr )           gforth          rp_fetch  rp@     ( -- a_addr )           gforth          rp_fetch
 a_addr = rp;  a_addr = rp;
Line 925  rp = a_addr; Line 1251  rp = a_addr;
   
 \+floating  \+floating
   
 fp@     ( -- f_addr )   gforth  fp_fetch  fp@     ( f:... -- f_addr )     gforth  fp_fetch
 f_addr = fp;  f_addr = fp;
   
 fp!     ( f_addr -- )   gforth  fp_store  fp!     ( f_addr -- f:... )     gforth  fp_store
 fp = f_addr;  fp = f_addr;
   
 \+  \+
   
 ;s      ( R:w -- )              gforth  semis  
 ""The primitive compiled by @code{EXIT}.""  
 SET_IP((Xt *)w);  
   
 >r      ( w -- R:w )            core    to_r  >r      ( w -- R:w )            core    to_r
 :  :
  (>r) ;   (>r) ;
Line 951  rdrop ( R:w -- )  gforth Line 1273  rdrop ( R:w -- )  gforth
 :  :
  r> r> drop >r ;   r> r> drop >r ;
   
 2>r     ( w1 w2 -- R:w1 R:w2 )  core-ext        two_to_r  2>r     ( d -- R:d )    core-ext        two_to_r
 :  :
  swap r> swap >r swap >r >r ;   swap r> swap >r swap >r >r ;
   
 2r>     ( R:w1 R:w2 -- w1 w2 )  core-ext        two_r_from  2r>     ( R:d -- d )    core-ext        two_r_from
 :  :
  r> r> swap r> swap >r swap ;   r> r> swap r> swap >r swap ;
   
 2r@     ( R:w1 R:w2 -- R:w1 R:w2 w1 w2 )        core-ext        two_r_fetch  2r@     ( R:d -- R:d d )        core-ext        two_r_fetch
 :  :
  i' j ;   i' j ;
   
 2rdrop  (  R:w1 R:w2 -- )               gforth  two_r_drop  2rdrop  ( R:d -- )              gforth  two_r_drop
 :  :
  r> r> drop r> drop >r ;   r> r> drop r> drop >r ;
   
Line 1005  tuck ( w1 w2 -- w2 w1 w2 ) core-ext Line 1327  tuck ( w1 w2 -- w2 w1 w2 ) core-ext
 :  :
  swap over ;   swap over ;
   
 ?dup    ( w -- w )                      core    question_dupe  ?dup    ( w -- S:... w )        core    question_dupe
 ""Actually the stack effect is: @code{( w -- 0 | w w )}.  It performs a  ""Actually the stack effect is: @code{( w -- 0 | w w )}.  It performs a
 @code{dup} if w is nonzero.""  @code{dup} if w is nonzero.""
 if (w!=0) {  if (w!=0) {
   IF_spTOS(*sp-- = w;)  
 #ifndef USE_TOS  
   *--sp = w;    *--sp = w;
 #endif  
 }  }
 :  :
  dup IF dup THEN ;   dup IF dup THEN ;
   
 pick    ( u -- w )                      core-ext  pick    ( S:... u -- S:... w )          core-ext
 ""Actually the stack effect is @code{ x0 ... xu u -- x0 ... xu x0 }.""  ""Actually the stack effect is @code{ x0 ... xu u -- x0 ... xu x0 }.""
 w = sp[u+1];  w = sp[u];
 :  :
  1+ cells sp@ + @ ;   1+ cells sp@ + @ ;
   
Line 1053  w = sp[u+1]; Line 1372  w = sp[u+1];
   
 \ toggle is high-level: 0.11/0.42%  \ toggle is high-level: 0.11/0.42%
   
   \g memory
   
 @       ( a_addr -- w )         core    fetch  @       ( a_addr -- w )         core    fetch
 ""@i{w} is the cell stored at @i{a_addr}.""  ""@i{w} is the cell stored at @i{a_addr}.""
 w = *a_addr;  w = *a_addr;
   
   \ lit@ / lit_fetch = lit @
   
   lit@            ( #a_addr -- w ) new    lit_fetch
   w = *a_addr;
   
 !       ( w a_addr -- )         core    store  !       ( w a_addr -- )         core    store
 ""Store @i{w} into the cell at @i{a-addr}.""  ""Store @i{w} into the cell at @i{a-addr}.""
 *a_addr = w;  *a_addr = w;
Line 1174  c_addr2 = c_addr1+1; Line 1500  c_addr2 = c_addr1+1;
 :  :
  dup 1+ swap c@ ;   dup 1+ swap c@ ;
   
   \g compiler
   
   \+f83headerstring
   
 (f83find)       ( c_addr u f83name1 -- f83name2 )       new     paren_f83find  (f83find)       ( c_addr u f83name1 -- f83name2 )       new     paren_f83find
 for (; f83name1 != NULL; f83name1 = (struct F83Name *)(f83name1->next))  for (; f83name1 != NULL; f83name1 = (struct F83Name *)(f83name1->next))
   if ((UCell)F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&    if ((UCell)F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&
       memcasecmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)        memcasecmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)
     break;      break;
 f83name2=f83name1;  f83name2=f83name1;
   #ifdef DEBUG
   fprintf(stderr, "F83find ");
   fwrite(c_addr, u, 1, stderr);
   fprintf(stderr, " found %08x\n", f83name2); 
   #endif
 :  :
     BEGIN  dup WHILE  (find-samelen)  dup  WHILE      BEGIN  dup WHILE  (find-samelen)  dup  WHILE
         >r 2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp  0=          >r 2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp  0=
Line 1188  f83name2=f83name1; Line 1523  f83name2=f83name1;
     REPEAT  THEN  nip nip ;      REPEAT  THEN  nip nip ;
 : (find-samelen) ( u f83name1 -- u f83name2/0 )  : (find-samelen) ( u f83name1 -- u f83name2/0 )
     BEGIN  2dup cell+ c@ $1F and <> WHILE  @  dup 0= UNTIL  THEN ;      BEGIN  2dup cell+ c@ $1F and <> WHILE  @  dup 0= UNTIL  THEN ;
   : capscomp ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )
    swap bounds
    ?DO  dup c@ I c@ <>
        IF  dup c@ toupper I c@ toupper =
        ELSE  true  THEN  WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
    ELSE  c@ toupper I c@ toupper - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
   : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
    dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
   
   \-
   
   (listlfind)     ( c_addr u longname1 -- longname2 )     new     paren_listlfind
   longname2=listlfind(c_addr, u, longname1);
   :
       BEGIN  dup WHILE  (findl-samelen)  dup  WHILE
           >r 2dup r@ cell+ cell+ capscomp  0=
           IF  2drop r>  EXIT  THEN
           r> @
       REPEAT  THEN  nip nip ;
   : (findl-samelen) ( u longname1 -- u longname2/0 )
       BEGIN  2dup cell+ @ lcount-mask and <> WHILE  @  dup 0= UNTIL  THEN ;
   : capscomp ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )
    swap bounds
    ?DO  dup c@ I c@ <>
        IF  dup c@ toupper I c@ toupper =
        ELSE  true  THEN  WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
    ELSE  c@ toupper I c@ toupper - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
   : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
    dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
   
 \+hash  \+hash
   
 (hashfind)      ( c_addr u a_addr -- f83name2 ) new     paren_hashfind  (hashlfind)     ( c_addr u a_addr -- longname2 )        new     paren_hashlfind
 struct F83Name *f83name1;  longname2 = hashlfind(c_addr, u, a_addr);
 f83name2=NULL;  
 while(a_addr != NULL)  
 {  
    f83name1=(struct F83Name *)(a_addr[1]);  
    a_addr=(Cell *)(a_addr[0]);  
    if ((UCell)F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&  
        memcasecmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)  
      {  
         f83name2=f83name1;  
         break;  
      }  
 }  
 :  :
  BEGIN  dup  WHILE   BEGIN  dup  WHILE
         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ c@ $1F and =          2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ @ lcount-mask and =
         IF  2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp 0=          IF  2dup r@ cell+ cell+ capscomp 0=
             IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN              IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN
         rdrop r>          rdrop r>
  REPEAT nip nip ;   REPEAT nip nip ;
   
 (tablefind)     ( c_addr u a_addr -- f83name2 ) new     paren_tablefind  (tablelfind)    ( c_addr u a_addr -- longname2 )        new     paren_tablelfind
 ""A case-sensitive variant of @code{(hashfind)}""  ""A case-sensitive variant of @code{(hashfind)}""
 struct F83Name *f83name1;  longname2 = tablelfind(c_addr, u, a_addr);
 f83name2=NULL;  
 while(a_addr != NULL)  
 {  
    f83name1=(struct F83Name *)(a_addr[1]);  
    a_addr=(Cell *)(a_addr[0]);  
    if ((UCell)F83NAME_COUNT(f83name1)==u &&  
        memcmp(c_addr, f83name1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)  
      {  
         f83name2=f83name1;  
         break;  
      }  
 }  
 :  :
  BEGIN  dup  WHILE   BEGIN  dup  WHILE
         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ c@ $1F and =          2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ @ lcount-mask and =
         IF  2dup r@ cell+ char+ -text 0=          IF  2dup r@ cell+ cell+ -text 0=
             IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN              IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN
         rdrop r>          rdrop r>
  REPEAT nip nip ;   REPEAT nip nip ;
   : -text ( c_addr1 u c_addr2 -- n )
 (hashkey)       ( c_addr u1 -- u2 )             gforth  paren_hashkey   swap bounds
 u2=0;   ?DO  dup c@ I c@ = WHILE  1+  LOOP  drop 0
 while(u1--)   ELSE  c@ I c@ - unloop  THEN  sgn ;
    u2+=(Cell)toupper(*c_addr++);  : sgn ( n -- -1/0/1 )
 :   dup 0= IF EXIT THEN  0< 2* 1+ ;
  0 -rot bounds ?DO  I c@ toupper +  LOOP ;  
   
 (hashkey1)      ( c_addr u ubits -- ukey )              gforth  paren_hashkey1  (hashkey1)      ( c_addr u ubits -- ukey )              gforth  paren_hashkey1
 ""ukey is the hash key for the string c_addr u fitting in ubits bits""  ""ukey is the hash key for the string c_addr u fitting in ubits bits""
 /* this hash function rotates the key at every step by rot bits within  ukey = hashkey1(c_addr, u, ubits);
    ubits bits and xors it with the character. This function does ok in  
    the chi-sqare-test.  Rot should be <=7 (preferably <=5) for  
    ASCII strings (larger if ubits is large), and should share no  
    divisors with ubits.  
 */  
 unsigned rot = ((char []){5,0,1,2,3,4,5,5,5,5,3,5,5,5,5,7,5,5,5,5,7,5,5,5,5,6,5,5,5,5,7,5,5})[ubits];  
 Char *cp = c_addr;  
 for (ukey=0; cp<c_addr+u; cp++)  
     ukey = ((((ukey<<rot) | (ukey>>(ubits-rot)))   
              ^ toupper(*cp))  
             & ((1<<ubits)-1));  
 :  :
  dup rot-values + c@ over 1 swap lshift 1- >r   dup rot-values + c@ over 1 swap lshift 1- >r
  tuck - 2swap r> 0 2swap bounds   tuck - 2swap r> 0 2swap bounds
Line 1272  Create rot-values Line 1600  Create rot-values
   
 \+  \+
   
   \+
   
 (parse-white)   ( c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2 )    gforth  paren_parse_white  (parse-white)   ( c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2 )    gforth  paren_parse_white
 /* use !isgraph instead of isspace? */  struct Cellpair r=parse_white(c_addr1, u1);
 Char *endp = c_addr1+u1;  c_addr2 = (Char *)(r.n1);
 while (c_addr1<endp && isspace(*c_addr1))  u2 = r.n2;
   c_addr1++;  
 if (c_addr1<endp) {  
   for (c_addr2 = c_addr1; c_addr1<endp && !isspace(*c_addr1); c_addr1++)  
     ;  
   u2 = c_addr1-c_addr2;  
 }  
 else {  
   c_addr2 = c_addr1;  
   u2 = 0;  
 }  
 :  :
  BEGIN  dup  WHILE  over c@ bl <=  WHILE  1 /string   BEGIN  dup  WHILE  over c@ bl <=  WHILE  1 /string
  REPEAT  THEN  2dup   REPEAT  THEN  2dup
Line 1304  f_addr = (Float *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(size Line 1624  f_addr = (Float *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(size
 :  :
  [ 1 floats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 floats ] Literal and ;   [ 1 floats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 floats ] Literal and ;
   
 >body   ( xt -- a_addr )        core    to_body  
 "" Get the address of the body of the word represented by @i{xt} (the address  
 of the word's data field).""  
 a_addr = PFA(xt);  
 :  
     2 cells + ;  
   
 \ threading stuff is currently only interesting if we have a compiler  \ threading stuff is currently only interesting if we have a compiler
 \fhas? standardthreading has? compiler and [IF]  \fhas? standardthreading has? compiler and [IF]
   
 >code-address   ( xt -- c_addr )                gforth  to_code_address  
 ""@i{c-addr} is the code address of the word @i{xt}.""  
 /* !! This behaves installation-dependently for DOES-words */  
 c_addr = (Address)CODE_ADDRESS(xt);  
 :  
     @ ;  
   
 >does-code      ( xt -- a_addr )                gforth  to_does_code  
 ""If @i{xt} is the execution token of a child of a @code{DOES>} word,  
 @i{a-addr} is the start of the Forth code after the @code{DOES>};  
 Otherwise @i{a-addr} is 0.""  
 a_addr = (Cell *)DOES_CODE(xt);  
 :  
     cell+ @ ;  
   
 code-address!   ( c_addr xt -- )                gforth  code_address_store  
 ""Create a code field with code address @i{c-addr} at @i{xt}.""  
 MAKE_CF(xt, c_addr);  
 CACHE_FLUSH(xt,(size_t)PFA(0));  
 :  
     ! ;  
   
 does-code!      ( a_addr xt -- )                gforth  does_code_store  
 ""Create a code field at @i{xt} for a child of a @code{DOES>}-word;  
 @i{a-addr} is the start of the Forth code after @code{DOES>}.""  
 MAKE_DOES_CF(xt, a_addr);  
 CACHE_FLUSH(xt,(size_t)PFA(0));  
 :  
     dodoes: over ! cell+ ! ;  
   
 does-handler!   ( a_addr -- )   gforth  does_handler_store  
 ""Create a @code{DOES>}-handler at address @i{a-addr}. Normally,  
 @i{a-addr} points just behind a @code{DOES>}.""  
 MAKE_DOES_HANDLER(a_addr);  
 CACHE_FLUSH((caddr_t)a_addr,DOES_HANDLER_SIZE);  
 :  
     drop ;  
   
 /does-handler   ( -- n )        gforth  slash_does_handler  
 ""The size of a @code{DOES>}-handler (includes possible padding).""  
 /* !! a constant or environmental query might be better */  
 n = DOES_HANDLER_SIZE;  
 :  
     2 cells ;  
   
 threading-method        ( -- n )        gforth  threading_method  threading-method        ( -- n )        gforth  threading_method
 ""0 if the engine is direct threaded. Note that this may change during  ""0 if the engine is direct threaded. Note that this may change during
 the lifetime of an image.""  the lifetime of an image.""
Line 1376  n=1; Line 1643  n=1;
   
 \f[THEN]  \f[THEN]
   
 key-file        ( wfileid -- n )                gforth  paren_key_file  \g hostos
   
   key-file        ( wfileid -- c )                gforth  paren_key_file
   ""Read one character @i{c} from @i{wfileid}.  This word disables
   buffering for @i{wfileid}.  If you want to read characters from a
   terminal in non-canonical (raw) mode, you have to put the terminal in
   non-canonical mode yourself (using the C interface); the exception is
   @code{stdin}: Gforth automatically puts it into non-canonical mode.""
 #ifdef HAS_FILE  #ifdef HAS_FILE
 fflush(stdout);  fflush(stdout);
 n = key((FILE*)wfileid);  c = key((FILE*)wfileid);
 #else  #else
 n = key(stdin);  c = key(stdin);
 #endif  #endif
   
 key?-file       ( wfileid -- n )                facility        key_q_file  key?-file       ( wfileid -- f )                gforth  key_q_file
   ""@i{f} is true if at least one character can be read from @i{wfileid}
   without blocking.  If you also want to use @code{read-file} or
   @code{read-line} on the file, you have to call @code{key?-file} or
   @code{key-file} first (these two words disable buffering).""
 #ifdef HAS_FILE  #ifdef HAS_FILE
 fflush(stdout);  fflush(stdout);
 n = key_query((FILE*)wfileid);  f = key_query((FILE*)wfileid);
 #else  #else
 n = key_query(stdin);  f = key_query(stdin);
 #endif  #endif
   
 \+os  
   
 stdin   ( -- wfileid )  gforth  stdin   ( -- wfileid )  gforth
   ""The standard input file of the Gforth process.""
 wfileid = (Cell)stdin;  wfileid = (Cell)stdin;
   
 stdout  ( -- wfileid )  gforth  stdout  ( -- wfileid )  gforth
   ""The standard output file of the Gforth process.""
 wfileid = (Cell)stdout;  wfileid = (Cell)stdout;
   
 stderr  ( -- wfileid )  gforth  stderr  ( -- wfileid )  gforth
   ""The standard error output file of the Gforth process.""
 wfileid = (Cell)stderr;  wfileid = (Cell)stderr;
   
   \+os
   
 form    ( -- urows ucols )      gforth  form    ( -- urows ucols )      gforth
 ""The number of lines and columns in the terminal. These numbers may change  ""The number of lines and columns in the terminal. These numbers may
 with the window size.""  change with the window size.  Note that it depends on the OS whether
   this reflects the actual size and changes with the window size
   (currently only on Unix-like OSs).  On other OSs you just get a
   default, and can tell Gforth the terminal size by setting the
   environment variables @code{COLUMNS} and @code{LINES} before starting
   Gforth.""
 /* we could block SIGWINCH here to get a consistent size, but I don't  /* we could block SIGWINCH here to get a consistent size, but I don't
  think this is necessary or always beneficial */   think this is necessary or always beneficial */
 urows=rows;  urows=rows;
 ucols=cols;  ucols=cols;
   
   wcwidth ( u -- n )      gforth
   ""The number of fixed-width characters per unicode character u""
   #ifdef HAVE_WCWIDTH
   n = wcwidth(u);
   #else
   n = 1;
   #endif
   
 flush-icache    ( c_addr u -- ) gforth  flush_icache  flush-icache    ( c_addr u -- ) gforth  flush_icache
 ""Make sure that the instruction cache of the processor (if there is  ""Make sure that the instruction cache of the processor (if there is
 one) does not contain stale data at @i{c-addr} and @i{u} bytes  one) does not contain stale data at @i{c-addr} and @i{u} bytes
Line 1421  supported on your machine (take a look a Line 1715  supported on your machine (take a look a
 your machine has a separate instruction cache. In such cases,  your machine has a separate instruction cache. In such cases,
 @code{flush-icache} does nothing instead of flushing the instruction  @code{flush-icache} does nothing instead of flushing the instruction
 cache.""  cache.""
 FLUSH_ICACHE(c_addr,u);  FLUSH_ICACHE((caddr_t)c_addr,u);
   
 (bye)   ( n -- )        gforth  paren_bye  (bye)   ( n -- )        gforth  paren_bye
   SUPER_END;
 return (Label *)n;  return (Label *)n;
   
 (system)        ( c_addr u -- wretval wior )    gforth  peren_system  (system)        ( c_addr u -- wretval wior )    gforth  paren_system
 #ifndef MSDOS  wretval = gforth_system(c_addr, u);  
 int old_tp=terminal_prepped;  
 deprep_terminal();  
 #endif  
 wretval=system(cstr(c_addr,u,1)); /* ~ expansion on first part of string? */  
 wior = IOR(wretval==-1 || (wretval==127 && errno != 0));  wior = IOR(wretval==-1 || (wretval==127 && errno != 0));
 #ifndef MSDOS  
 if (old_tp)  
   prep_terminal();  
 #endif  
   
 getenv  ( c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2 )    gforth  getenv  ( c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2 )    gforth
 ""The string @i{c-addr1 u1} specifies an environment variable. The string @i{c-addr2 u2}  ""The string @i{c-addr1 u1} specifies an environment variable. The string @i{c-addr2 u2}
Line 1444  is the host operating system's expansion Line 1731  is the host operating system's expansion
 environment variable does not exist, @i{c-addr2 u2} specifies a string 0 characters  environment variable does not exist, @i{c-addr2 u2} specifies a string 0 characters
 in length.""  in length.""
 /* close ' to keep fontify happy */  /* close ' to keep fontify happy */
 c_addr2 = getenv(cstr(c_addr1,u1,1));  c_addr2 = (Char *)getenv(cstr(c_addr1,u1,1));
 u2 = (c_addr2 == NULL ? 0 : strlen(c_addr2));  u2 = (c_addr2 == NULL ? 0 : strlen((char *)c_addr2));
   
 open-pipe       ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       gforth  open_pipe  open-pipe       ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       gforth  open_pipe
 wfileid=(Cell)popen(cstr(c_addr,u,1),fileattr[wfam]); /* ~ expansion of 1st arg? */  fflush(stdout);
   wfileid=(Cell)popen(cstr(c_addr,u,1),pfileattr[wfam]); /* ~ expansion of 1st arg? */
 wior = IOR(wfileid==0); /* !! the man page says that errno is not set reliably */  wior = IOR(wfileid==0); /* !! the man page says that errno is not set reliably */
   
 close-pipe      ( wfileid -- wretval wior )             gforth  close_pipe  close-pipe      ( wfileid -- wretval wior )             gforth  close_pipe
Line 1458  wior = IOR(wretval==-1); Line 1746  wior = IOR(wretval==-1);
 time&date       ( -- nsec nmin nhour nday nmonth nyear )        facility-ext    time_and_date  time&date       ( -- nsec nmin nhour nday nmonth nyear )        facility-ext    time_and_date
 ""Report the current time of day. Seconds, minutes and hours are numbered from 0.  ""Report the current time of day. Seconds, minutes and hours are numbered from 0.
 Months are numbered from 1.""  Months are numbered from 1.""
   #if 1
   time_t now;
   struct tm *ltime;
   time(&now);
   ltime=localtime(&now);
   #else
 struct timeval time1;  struct timeval time1;
 struct timezone zone1;  struct timezone zone1;
 struct tm *ltime;  struct tm *ltime;
Line 1465  gettimeofday(&time1,&zone1); Line 1759  gettimeofday(&time1,&zone1);
 /* !! Single Unix specification:   /* !! Single Unix specification: 
    If tzp is not a null pointer, the behaviour is unspecified. */     If tzp is not a null pointer, the behaviour is unspecified. */
 ltime=localtime((time_t *)&time1.tv_sec);  ltime=localtime((time_t *)&time1.tv_sec);
   #endif
 nyear =ltime->tm_year+1900;  nyear =ltime->tm_year+1900;
 nmonth=ltime->tm_mon+1;  nmonth=ltime->tm_mon+1;
 nday  =ltime->tm_mday;  nday  =ltime->tm_mday;
Line 1472  nhour =ltime->tm_hour; Line 1767  nhour =ltime->tm_hour;
 nmin  =ltime->tm_min;  nmin  =ltime->tm_min;
 nsec  =ltime->tm_sec;  nsec  =ltime->tm_sec;
   
 ms      ( n -- )        facility-ext  ms      ( u -- )        facility-ext
 ""Wait at least @i{n} milli-second.""  ""Wait at least @i{n} milli-second.""
 struct timeval timeout;  gforth_ms(u);
 timeout.tv_sec=n/1000;  
 timeout.tv_usec=1000*(n%1000);  
 (void)select(0,0,0,0,&timeout);  
   
 allocate        ( u -- a_addr wior )    memory  allocate        ( u -- a_addr wior )    memory
 ""Allocate @i{u} address units of contiguous data space. The initial  ""Allocate @i{u} address units of contiguous data space. The initial
Line 1512  if (a_addr1==NULL) Line 1804  if (a_addr1==NULL)
 else  else
   a_addr2 = (Cell *)realloc(a_addr1, u);    a_addr2 = (Cell *)realloc(a_addr1, u);
 wior = IOR(a_addr2==NULL);      /* !! Define a return code */  wior = IOR(a_addr2==NULL);      /* !! Define a return code */
   if (a_addr2==NULL)
     a_addr2 = a_addr1;
   
 strerror        ( n -- c_addr u )       gforth  strerror        ( n -- c_addr u )       gforth
 c_addr = strerror(n);  c_addr = (Char *)strerror(n);
 u = strlen(c_addr);  u = strlen((char *)c_addr);
   
 strsignal       ( n -- c_addr u )       gforth  strsignal       ( n -- c_addr u )       gforth
 c_addr = strsignal(n);  c_addr = (Char *)strsignal(n);
 u = strlen(c_addr);  u = strlen((char *)c_addr);
   
 call-c  ( w -- )        gforth  call_c  call-c  ( ... w -- ... )        gforth  call_c
 ""Call the C function pointed to by @i{w}. The C function has to  ""Call the C function pointed to by @i{w}. The C function has to
 access the stack itself. The stack pointers are exported in the global  access the stack itself. The stack pointers are exported in the global
 variables @code{SP} and @code{FP}.""  variables @code{gforth_SP} and @code{gforth_FP}.""
 /* This is a first attempt at support for calls to C. This may change in  /* This is a first attempt at support for calls to C. This may change in
    the future */     the future */
 IF_fpTOS(fp[0]=fpTOS);  IF_fpTOS(fp[0]=fpTOS);
 FP=fp;  gforth_FP=fp;
 SP=sp;  gforth_SP=sp;
   gforth_RP=rp;
   gforth_LP=lp;
   #ifdef HAS_LINKBACK
 ((void (*)())w)();  ((void (*)())w)();
 sp=SP;  #else
 fp=FP;  ((void (*)(void *))w)(gforth_pointers);
 IF_spTOS(spTOS=sp[0]);  #endif
   sp=gforth_SP;
   fp=gforth_FP;
   rp=gforth_RP;
   lp=gforth_LP;
 IF_fpTOS(fpTOS=fp[0]);  IF_fpTOS(fpTOS=fp[0]);
   
 \+  \+
Line 1543  close-file ( wfileid -- wior )  file clo Line 1844  close-file ( wfileid -- wior )  file clo
 wior = IOR(fclose((FILE *)wfileid)==EOF);  wior = IOR(fclose((FILE *)wfileid)==EOF);
   
 open-file       ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       file    open_file  open-file       ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       file    open_file
 wfileid = (Cell)fopen(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1), fileattr[wfam]);  wfileid = opencreate_file(tilde_cstr(c_addr,u,1), wfam, 0, &wior);
 wior =  IOR(wfileid == 0);  
   
 create-file     ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       file    create_file  create-file     ( c_addr u wfam -- wfileid wior )       file    create_file
 Cell    fd;  wfileid = opencreate_file(tilde_cstr(c_addr,u,1), wfam, O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, &wior);
 fd = open(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1), O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|ufileattr[wfam], 0666);  
 if (fd != -1) {  
   wfileid = (Cell)fdopen(fd, fileattr[wfam]);  
   wior = IOR(wfileid == 0);  
 } else {  
   wfileid = 0;  
   wior = IOR(1);  
 }  
   
 delete-file     ( c_addr u -- wior )            file    delete_file  delete-file     ( c_addr u -- wior )            file    delete_file
 wior = IOR(unlink(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1))==-1);  wior = IOR(unlink(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1))==-1);
   
 rename-file     ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- wior )       file-ext        rename_file  rename-file     ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- wior )       file-ext        rename_file
 ""Rename file @i{c_addr1 u1} to new name @i{c_addr2 u2}""  ""Rename file @i{c_addr1 u1} to new name @i{c_addr2 u2}""
 char *s1=tilde_cstr(c_addr2, u2, 1);  wior = rename_file(c_addr1, u1, c_addr2, u2);
 wior = IOR(rename(tilde_cstr(c_addr1, u1, 0), s1)==-1);  
   
 file-position   ( wfileid -- ud wior )  file    file_position  file-position   ( wfileid -- ud wior )  file    file_position
 /* !! use tell and lseek? */  /* !! use tell and lseek? */
 ud = LONG2UD(ftell((FILE *)wfileid));  ud = OFF2UD(ftello((FILE *)wfileid));
 wior = IOR(UD2LONG(ud)==-1);  wior = IOR(UD2OFF(ud)==-1);
   
 reposition-file ( ud wfileid -- wior )  file    reposition_file  reposition-file ( ud wfileid -- wior )  file    reposition_file
 wior = IOR(fseek((FILE *)wfileid, UD2LONG(ud), SEEK_SET)==-1);  wior = IOR(fseeko((FILE *)wfileid, UD2OFF(ud), SEEK_SET)==-1);
   
 file-size       ( wfileid -- ud wior )  file    file_size  file-size       ( wfileid -- ud wior )  file    file_size
 struct stat buf;  struct stat buf;
 wior = IOR(fstat(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), &buf)==-1);  wior = IOR(fstat(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), &buf)==-1);
 ud = LONG2UD(buf.st_size);  ud = OFF2UD(buf.st_size);
   
 resize-file     ( ud wfileid -- wior )  file    resize_file  resize-file     ( ud wfileid -- wior )  file    resize_file
 wior = IOR(ftruncate(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), UD2LONG(ud))==-1);  wior = IOR(ftruncate(fileno((FILE *)wfileid), UD2OFF(ud))==-1);
   
 read-file       ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 wior )        file    read_file  read-file       ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 wior )        file    read_file
 /* !! fread does not guarantee enough */  /* !! fread does not guarantee enough */
 u2 = fread(c_addr, sizeof(Char), u1, (FILE *)wfileid);  u2 = fread(c_addr, sizeof(Char), u1, (FILE *)wfileid);
   if (u2>0)
      gf_regetc((FILE *)wfileid);
 wior = FILEIO(u2<u1 && ferror((FILE *)wfileid));  wior = FILEIO(u2<u1 && ferror((FILE *)wfileid));
 /* !! is the value of ferror errno-compatible? */  /* !! is the value of ferror errno-compatible? */
 if (wior)  if (wior)
   clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);    clearerr((FILE *)wfileid);
   
 read-line       ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 flag wior )   file    read_line  (read-line)     ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 flag u3 wior ) file   paren_read_line
 ""this is only for backward compatibility""  struct Cellquad r = read_line(c_addr, u1, (FILE *)wfileid);
 Cell c;  u2   = r.n1;
 flag=-1;  flag = r.n2;
 for(u2=0; u2<u1; u2++)  u3   = r.n3;
 {  wior = r.n4;
    c = getc((FILE *)wfileid);  
    if (c=='\n') break;  
    if (c=='\r') {  
      if ((c = getc((FILE *)wfileid))!='\n')  
        ungetc(c,(FILE *)wfileid);  
      break;  
    }  
    if (c==EOF) {  
         flag=FLAG(u2!=0);  
         break;  
      }  
    c_addr[u2] = (Char)c;  
 }  
 wior=FILEIO(ferror((FILE *)wfileid));  
   
 \+  \+
   
Line 1640  flush-file ( wfileid -- wior )  file-ext Line 1919  flush-file ( wfileid -- wior )  file-ext
 wior = IOR(fflush((FILE *) wfileid)==EOF);  wior = IOR(fflush((FILE *) wfileid)==EOF);
   
 file-status     ( c_addr u -- wfam wior )       file-ext        file_status  file-status     ( c_addr u -- wfam wior )       file-ext        file_status
 char *filename=tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1);  struct Cellpair r = file_status(c_addr, u);
 if (access (filename, F_OK) != 0) {  wfam = r.n1;
   wfam=0;  wior = r.n2;
   wior=IOR(1);  
 }  file-eof?       ( wfileid -- flag )     gforth  file_eof_query
 else if (access (filename, R_OK | W_OK) == 0) {  flag = FLAG(feof((FILE *) wfileid));
   wfam=2; /* r/w */  
   wior=0;  open-dir        ( c_addr u -- wdirid wior )     gforth  open_dir
 }  ""Open the directory specified by @i{c-addr, u}
 else if (access (filename, R_OK) == 0) {  and return @i{dir-id} for futher access to it.""
   wfam=0; /* r/o */  wdirid = (Cell)opendir(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1));
   wior=0;  wior =  IOR(wdirid == 0);
 }  
 else if (access (filename, W_OK) == 0) {  read-dir        ( c_addr u1 wdirid -- u2 flag wior )    gforth  read_dir
   wfam=4; /* w/o */  ""Attempt to read the next entry from the directory specified
   wior=0;  by @i{dir-id} to the buffer of length @i{u1} at address @i{c-addr}. 
   If the attempt fails because there is no more entries,
   @i{ior}=0, @i{flag}=0, @i{u2}=0, and the buffer is unmodified.
   If the attempt to read the next entry fails because of any other reason, 
   return @i{ior}<>0.
   If the attempt succeeds, store file name to the buffer at @i{c-addr}
   and return @i{ior}=0, @i{flag}=true and @i{u2} equal to the size of the file name.
   If the length of the file name is greater than @i{u1}, 
   store first @i{u1} characters from file name into the buffer and
   indicate "name too long" with @i{ior}, @i{flag}=true, and @i{u2}=@i{u1}.""
   struct dirent * dent;
   dent = readdir((DIR *)wdirid);
   wior = 0;
   flag = -1;
   if(dent == NULL) {
     u2 = 0;
     flag = 0;
   } else {
     u2 = strlen((char *)dent->d_name);
     if(u2 > u1) {
       u2 = u1;
       wior = -512-ENAMETOOLONG;
     }
     memmove(c_addr, dent->d_name, u2);
 }  }
 else {  
   wfam=1; /* well, we cannot access the file, but better deliver a legal  close-dir       ( wdirid -- wior )      gforth  close_dir
             access mode (r/o bin), so we get a decent error later upon open. */  ""Close the directory specified by @i{dir-id}.""
   wior=0;  wior = IOR(closedir((DIR *)wdirid));
   
   filename-match  ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- flag )       gforth  match_file
   char * string = cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1);
   char * pattern = cstr(c_addr2, u2, 0);
   flag = FLAG(!fnmatch(pattern, string, 0));
   
   set-dir ( c_addr u -- wior )    gforth set_dir
   ""Change the current directory to @i{c-addr, u}.
   Return an error if this is not possible""
   wior = IOR(chdir(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1)));
   
   get-dir ( c_addr1 u1 -- c_addr2 u2 )    gforth get_dir
   ""Store the current directory in the buffer specified by @i{c-addr1, u1}.
   If the buffer size is not sufficient, return 0 0""
   c_addr2 = (Char *)getcwd((char *)c_addr1, u1);
   if(c_addr2 != NULL) {
     u2 = strlen((char *)c_addr2);
   } else {
     u2 = 0;
 }  }
   
   =mkdir ( c_addr u wmode -- wior )        gforth equals_mkdir
   ""Create directory @i{c-addr u} with mode @i{wmode}.""
   wior = IOR(mkdir(tilde_cstr(c_addr,u,1),wmode));
   
   \+
   
   newline ( -- c_addr u ) gforth
   ""String containing the newline sequence of the host OS""
   char newline[] = {
   #if DIRSEP=='/'
   /* Unix */
   '\n'
   #else
   /* DOS, Win, OS/2 */
   '\r','\n'
   #endif
   };
   c_addr=(Char *)newline;
   u=sizeof(newline);
   :
    "newline count ;
   Create "newline e? crlf [IF] 2 c, $0D c, [ELSE] 1 c, [THEN] $0A c,
   
   \+os
   
   utime   ( -- dtime )    gforth
   ""Report the current time in microseconds since some epoch.""
   struct timeval time1;
   gettimeofday(&time1,NULL);
   dtime = timeval2us(&time1);
   
   cputime ( -- duser dsystem ) gforth
   ""duser and dsystem are the respective user- and system-level CPU
   times used since the start of the Forth system (excluding child
   processes), in microseconds (the granularity may be much larger,
   however).  On platforms without the getrusage call, it reports elapsed
   time (since some epoch) for duser and 0 for dsystem.""
   #ifdef HAVE_GETRUSAGE
   struct rusage usage;
   getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &usage);
   duser = timeval2us(&usage.ru_utime);
   dsystem = timeval2us(&usage.ru_stime);
   #else
   struct timeval time1;
   gettimeofday(&time1,NULL);
   duser = timeval2us(&time1);
   dsystem = DZERO;
   #endif
   
   ntime   ( -- dtime )    gforth
   ""Report the current time in nanoseconds since some epoch.""
   #ifdef HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
   struct timespec time1;
   clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&time1);
   dtime = timespec2ns(&time1);
   #else
   struct timeval time1;
   gettimeofday(&time1,NULL);
   dtime = timeval2us(&time1) * 1000LL;
   #endif
   
 \+  \+
   
 \+floating  \+floating
   
   \g floating
   
 comparisons(f, r1 r2, f_, r1, r2, gforth, gforth, float, gforth)  comparisons(f, r1 r2, f_, r1, r2, gforth, gforth, float, gforth)
 comparisons(f0, r, f_zero_, r, 0., float, gforth, float, gforth)  comparisons(f0, r, f_zero_, r, 0., float, gforth, float, gforth)
   
   s>f     ( n -- r )              float   s_to_f
   r = n;
   
 d>f     ( d -- r )              float   d_to_f  d>f     ( d -- r )              float   d_to_f
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  #ifdef BUGGY_LL_D2F
 extern double ldexp(double x, int exp);  extern double ldexp(double x, int exp);
 r = ldexp((Float)d.hi,CELL_BITS) + (Float)d.lo;  if (DHI(d)<0) {
   #ifdef BUGGY_LL_ADD
     DCell d2=dnegate(d);
   #else
     DCell d2=-d;
   #endif
     r = -(ldexp((Float)DHI(d2),CELL_BITS) + (Float)DLO(d2));
   } else
     r = ldexp((Float)DHI(d),CELL_BITS) + (Float)DLO(d);
 #else  #else
 r = d;  r = d;
 #endif  #endif
   
 f>d     ( r -- d )              float   f_to_d  f>d     ( r -- d )              float   f_to_d
 #ifdef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  extern DCell double2ll(Float r);
 d.hi = ldexp(r,-(int)(CELL_BITS)) - (r<0);  d = double2ll(r);
 d.lo = r-ldexp((Float)d.hi,CELL_BITS);  
 #else  f>s     ( r -- n )              float   f_to_s
 d = r;  n = (Cell)r;
 #endif  
   
 f!      ( r f_addr -- ) float   f_store  f!      ( r f_addr -- ) float   f_store
 ""Store @i{r} into the float at address @i{f-addr}.""  ""Store @i{r} into the float at address @i{f-addr}.""
Line 1743  f** ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float-ext f_star_sta Line 2138  f** ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float-ext f_star_sta
 ""@i{r3} is @i{r1} raised to the @i{r2}th power.""  ""@i{r3} is @i{r1} raised to the @i{r2}th power.""
 r3 = pow(r1,r2);  r3 = pow(r1,r2);
   
   fm*     ( r1 n -- r2 )  gforth  fm_star
   r2 = r1*n;
   
   fm/     ( r1 n -- r2 )  gforth  fm_slash
   r2 = r1/n;
   
   fm*/    ( r1 n1 n2 -- r2 )      gforth  fm_star_slash
   r2 = (r1*n1)/n2;
   
   f**2    ( r1 -- r2 )    gforth  fm_square
   r2 = r1*r1;
   
 fnegate ( r1 -- r2 )    float   f_negate  fnegate ( r1 -- r2 )    float   f_negate
 r2 = - r1;  r2 = - r1;
   
Line 1775  r2 = floor(r1); Line 2182  r2 = floor(r1);
   
 fround  ( r1 -- r2 )    float   f_round  fround  ( r1 -- r2 )    float   f_round
 ""Round to the nearest integral value.""  ""Round to the nearest integral value.""
 /* !! unclear wording */  
 #ifdef HAVE_RINT  
 r2 = rint(r1);  r2 = rint(r1);
 #else  
 r2 = floor(r1+0.5);  
 /* !! This is not quite true to the rounding rules given in the standard */  
 #endif  
   
 fmax    ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_max  fmax    ( r1 r2 -- r3 ) float   f_max
 if (r1<r2)  if (r1<r2)
Line 1797  else Line 2198  else
   
 represent       ( r c_addr u -- n f1 f2 )       float  represent       ( r c_addr u -- n f1 f2 )       float
 char *sig;  char *sig;
   size_t siglen;
 int flag;  int flag;
 int decpt;  int decpt;
 sig=ecvt(r, u, &decpt, &flag);  sig=ecvt(r, u, &decpt, &flag);
 n=(r==0 ? 1 : decpt);  n=(r==0. ? 1 : decpt);
   flag=signbit(r); /* not all ecvt()s do this as desired */
 f1=FLAG(flag!=0);  f1=FLAG(flag!=0);
 f2=FLAG(isdigit((unsigned)(sig[0]))!=0);  f2=FLAG(isdigit((unsigned)(sig[0]))!=0);
 memmove(c_addr,sig,u);  siglen=strlen((char *)sig);
   if (siglen>u) /* happens in glibc-2.1.3 if 999.. is rounded up */
     siglen=u;
   if (!f2) /* workaround Cygwin trailing 0s for Inf and Nan */
     for (; sig[siglen-1]=='0'; siglen--);
       ;
   memcpy(c_addr,sig,siglen);
   memset(c_addr+siglen,f2?'0':' ',u-siglen);
   
 >float  ( c_addr u -- flag )    float   to_float  >float  ( c_addr u -- f:... flag )      float   to_float
 ""Actual stack effect: ( c_addr u -- r t | f ).  Attempt to convert the  ""Actual stack effect: ( c_addr u -- r t | f ).  Attempt to convert the
 character string @i{c-addr u} to internal floating-point  character string @i{c-addr u} to internal floating-point
 representation. If the string represents a valid floating-point number  representation. If the string represents a valid floating-point number
 @i{r} is placed on the floating-point stack and @i{flag} is  @i{r} is placed on the floating-point stack and @i{flag} is
 true. Otherwise, @i{flag} is false. A string of blanks is a special  true. Otherwise, @i{flag} is false. A string of blanks is a special
 case and represents the floating-point number 0.""  case and represents the floating-point number 0.""
 /* real signature: c_addr u -- r t / f */  
 Float r;  Float r;
 char *number=cstr(c_addr, u, 1);  flag = to_float(c_addr, u, &r);
 char *endconv;  if (flag) {
 int sign = 0;    fp--;
 if(number[0]=='-') {    fp[0]=r;
    sign = 1;  
    number++;  
    u--;  
 }  
 while(isspace((unsigned)(number[--u])) && u>0);  
 switch(number[u])  
 {  
    case 'd':  
    case 'D':  
    case 'e':  
    case 'E':  break;  
    default :  u++; break;  
 }  
 number[u]='\0';  
 r=strtod(number,&endconv);  
 if((flag=FLAG(!(Cell)*endconv)))  
 {  
    IF_fpTOS(fp[0] = fpTOS);  
    fp += -1;  
    fpTOS = sign ? -r : r;  
 }  
 else if(*endconv=='d' || *endconv=='D')  
 {  
    *endconv='E';  
    r=strtod(number,&endconv);  
    if((flag=FLAG(!(Cell)*endconv)))  
      {  
         IF_fpTOS(fp[0] = fpTOS);  
         fp += -1;  
         fpTOS = sign ? -r : r;  
      }  
 }  }
   
 fabs    ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_abs  fabs    ( r1 -- r2 )    float-ext       f_abs
Line 1983  df_addr = (DFloat *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(si Line 2361  df_addr = (DFloat *)((((Cell)c_addr)+(si
 :  :
  [ 1 dfloats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 dfloats ] Literal and ;   [ 1 dfloats 1- ] Literal + [ -1 dfloats ] Literal and ;
   
   v*      ( f_addr1 nstride1 f_addr2 nstride2 ucount -- r ) gforth v_star
   ""dot-product: r=v1*v2.  The first element of v1 is at f_addr1, the
   next at f_addr1+nstride1 and so on (similar for v2). Both vectors have
   ucount elements.""
   r = v_star(f_addr1, nstride1, f_addr2, nstride2, ucount);
   :
    >r swap 2swap swap 0e r> 0 ?DO
        dup f@ over + 2swap dup f@ f* f+ over + 2swap
    LOOP 2drop 2drop ; 
   
   faxpy   ( ra f_x nstridex f_y nstridey ucount -- )      gforth
   ""vy=ra*vx+vy""
   faxpy(ra, f_x, nstridex, f_y, nstridey, ucount);
   :
    >r swap 2swap swap r> 0 ?DO
        fdup dup f@ f* over + 2swap dup f@ f+ dup f! over + 2swap
    LOOP 2drop 2drop fdrop ;
   
   \+
   
 \ The following words access machine/OS/installation-dependent  \ The following words access machine/OS/installation-dependent
 \   Gforth internals  \   Gforth internals
 \ !! how about environmental queries DIRECT-THREADED,  \ !! how about environmental queries DIRECT-THREADED,
 \   INDIRECT-THREADED, TOS-CACHED, FTOS-CACHED, CODEFIELD-DOES */  \   INDIRECT-THREADED, TOS-CACHED, FTOS-CACHED, CODEFIELD-DOES */
   
 \ local variable implementation primitives  \ local variable implementation primitives
 \+  
 \+glocals  \+glocals
   
   \g locals
   
 @local# ( #noffset -- w )       gforth  fetch_local_number  @local# ( #noffset -- w )       gforth  fetch_local_number
 w = *(Cell *)(lp+noffset);  w = *(Cell *)(lp+noffset);
   
 @local0 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_zero  @local0 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_zero
 w = *(Cell *)(lp+0*sizeof(Cell));  w = ((Cell *)lp)[0];
   
 @local1 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_four  @local1 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_four
 w = *(Cell *)(lp+1*sizeof(Cell));  w = ((Cell *)lp)[1];
   
 @local2 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_eight  @local2 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_eight
 w = *(Cell *)(lp+2*sizeof(Cell));  w = ((Cell *)lp)[2];
   
 @local3 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_twelve  @local3 ( -- w )        new     fetch_local_twelve
 w = *(Cell *)(lp+3*sizeof(Cell));  w = ((Cell *)lp)[3];
   
 \+floating  \+floating
   
Line 2013  f@local# ( #noffset -- r ) gforth f_fetc Line 2413  f@local# ( #noffset -- r ) gforth f_fetc
 r = *(Float *)(lp+noffset);  r = *(Float *)(lp+noffset);
   
 f@local0        ( -- r )        new     f_fetch_local_zero  f@local0        ( -- r )        new     f_fetch_local_zero
 r = *(Float *)(lp+0*sizeof(Float));  r = ((Float *)lp)[0];
   
 f@local1        ( -- r )        new     f_fetch_local_eight  f@local1        ( -- r )        new     f_fetch_local_eight
 r = *(Float *)(lp+1*sizeof(Float));  r = ((Float *)lp)[1];
   
 \+  \+
   
Line 2052  f>l ( r -- ) gforth f_to_l Line 2452  f>l ( r -- ) gforth f_to_l
 lp -= sizeof(Float);  lp -= sizeof(Float);
 *(Float *)lp = r;  *(Float *)lp = r;
   
 fpick   ( u -- r )              gforth  fpick   ( f:... u -- f:... r )          gforth
 ""Actually the stack effect is @code{ r0 ... ru u -- r0 ... ru r0 }.""  ""Actually the stack effect is @code{ r0 ... ru u -- r0 ... ru r0 }.""
 r = fp[u+1]; /* +1, because update of fp happens before this fragment */  r = fp[u];
 :  :
  floats fp@ + f@ ;   floats fp@ + f@ ;
   
Line 2063  r = fp[u+1]; /* +1, because update of fp Line 2463  r = fp[u+1]; /* +1, because update of fp
   
 \+OS  \+OS
   
 define(`uploop',  \g syslib
        `pushdef(`$1', `$2')_uploop(`$1', `$2', `$3', `$4', `$5')`'popdef(`$1')')  
 define(`_uploop',  
        `ifelse($1, `$3', `$5',  
                `$4`'define(`$1', incr($1))_uploop(`$1', `$2', `$3', `$4', `$5')')')  
 \ argflist(argnum): Forth argument list  
 define(argflist,  
        `ifelse($1, 0, `',  
                `uploop(`_i', 1, $1, `format(`u%d ', _i)', `format(`u%d ', _i)')')')  
 \ argdlist(argnum): declare C's arguments  
 define(argdlist,  
        `ifelse($1, 0, `',  
                `uploop(`_i', 1, $1, `Cell, ', `Cell')')')  
 \ argclist(argnum): pass C's arguments  
 define(argclist,  
        `ifelse($1, 0, `',  
                `uploop(`_i', 1, $1, `format(`u%d, ', _i)', `format(`u%d', _i)')')')  
 \ icall(argnum)  
 define(icall,  
 `icall$1        ( argflist($1)u -- uret )       gforth  
 uret = (SYSCALL(Cell(*)(argdlist($1)))u)(argclist($1));  
   
 ')  
 define(fcall,  
 `fcall$1        ( argflist($1)u -- rret )       gforth  
 rret = (SYSCALL(Float(*)(argdlist($1)))u)(argclist($1));  
   
 ')  
   
 \ close ' to keep fontify happy  
   
 open-lib        ( c_addr1 u1 -- u2 )    gforth  open_lib  open-lib        ( c_addr1 u1 -- u2 )    gforth  open_lib
 #if defined(HAVE_LIBDL) || defined(HAVE_DLOPEN)  u2 = gforth_dlopen(c_addr1, u1);
 #ifndef RTLD_GLOBAL  
 #define RTLD_GLOBAL 0  
 #endif  
 u2=(UCell) dlopen(cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1), RTLD_GLOBAL | RTLD_LAZY);  
 #else  
 #  ifdef _WIN32  
 u2 = (Cell) GetModuleHandle(cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1));  
 #  else  
 #warning Define open-lib!  
 u2 = 0;  
 #  endif  
 #endif  
   
 lib-sym ( c_addr1 u1 u2 -- u3 ) gforth  lib_sym  lib-sym ( c_addr1 u1 u2 -- u3 ) gforth  lib_sym
 #if defined(HAVE_LIBDL) || defined(HAVE_DLOPEN)  #ifdef HAVE_LIBLTDL
   u3 = (UCell) lt_dlsym((lt_dlhandle)u2, cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1));
   #elif defined(HAVE_LIBDL) || defined(HAVE_DLOPEN)
 u3 = (UCell) dlsym((void*)u2,cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1));  u3 = (UCell) dlsym((void*)u2,cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1));
 #else  #else
 #  ifdef _WIN32  #  ifdef _WIN32
Line 2121  u3 = 0; Line 2482  u3 = 0;
 #  endif  #  endif
 #endif  #endif
   
 uploop(i, 0, 7, `icall(i)')  wcall   ( ... u -- ... )        gforth
 icall(20)  gforth_FP=fp;
 uploop(i, 0, 7, `fcall(i)')  sp=(Cell*)(SYSCALL(Cell*(*)(Cell *, void *))u)(sp, &gforth_FP);
 fcall(20)  fp=gforth_FP;
   
 \+  uw@ ( c_addr -- u )     gforth u_w_fetch
   ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 16-bit value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
 up!     ( a_addr -- )   gforth  up_store  u = *(UWyde*)(c_addr);
 UP=up=(char *)a_addr;  
 :  sw@ ( c_addr -- n )     gforth s_w_fetch
  up ! ;  ""@i{n} is the sign-extended 16-bit value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
 Variable UP  n = *(Wyde*)(c_addr);
   
 wcall   ( u -- )        gforth  w! ( w c_addr -- )      gforth w_store
 IF_fpTOS(fp[0]=fpTOS);  ""Store the bottom 16 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr}.""
 FP=fp;  *(Wyde*)(c_addr) = w;
 sp=(SYSCALL(Cell(*)(Cell *, void *))u)(sp, &FP);  
 fp=FP;  ul@ ( c_addr -- u )     gforth u_l_fetch
 IF_spTOS(spTOS=sp[0];)  ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 32-bit value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
 IF_fpTOS(fpTOS=fp[0]);  u = *(UTetrabyte*)(c_addr);
   
 \+file  sl@ ( c_addr -- n )     gforth s_l_fetch
   ""@i{n} is the sign-extended 32-bit value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
 open-dir        ( c_addr u -- wdirid wior )     gforth  open_dir  n = *(Tetrabyte*)(c_addr);
 wdirid = (Cell)opendir(tilde_cstr(c_addr, u, 1));  
 wior =  IOR(wdirid == 0);  l! ( w c_addr -- )      gforth l_store
   ""Store the bottom 32 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr}.""
 read-dir        ( c_addr u1 wdirid -- u2 flag wior )    gforth  read_dir  *(Tetrabyte*)(c_addr) = w;
 struct dirent * dent;  
 dent = readdir((DIR *)wdirid);  lib-error ( -- c_addr u )       gforth  lib_error
 wior = 0;  ""Error message for last failed @code{open-lib} or @code{lib-sym}.""
 flag = -1;  #ifdef HAVE_LIBLTDL
 if(dent == NULL) {  c_addr = (Char *)lt_dlerror();
   u2 = 0;  u = (c_addr == NULL) ? 0 : strlen((char *)c_addr);
   flag = 0;  #elif defined(HAVE_LIBDL) || defined(HAVE_DLOPEN)
 } else {  c_addr = dlerror();
   u2 = strlen(dent->d_name);  u = strlen(c_addr);
   if(u2 > u1) {  
     u2 = u1;  
     wior = -512-ENAMETOOLONG;  
   }  
   memmove(c_addr, dent->d_name, u2);  
 }  
   
 close-dir       ( wdirid -- wior )      gforth  close_dir  
 wior = IOR(closedir((DIR *)wdirid));  
   
 filename-match  ( c_addr1 u1 c_addr2 u2 -- flag )       gforth  match_file  
 char * string = cstr(c_addr1, u1, 1);  
 char * pattern = cstr(c_addr2, u2, 0);  
 flag = FLAG(!fnmatch(pattern, string, 0));  
   
 \+  
   
 newline ( -- c_addr u ) gforth  
 ""String containing the newline sequence of the host OS""  
 char newline[] = {  
 #if defined(unix) || defined(__MACH__)  
 /* Darwin/MacOS X sets __MACH__, but not unix. */  
 '\n'  
 #else  #else
 '\r','\n'  c_addr = "libltdl is not configured";
   u = strlen(c_addr);
 #endif  #endif
 };  
 c_addr=newline;  
 u=sizeof(newline);  
 :  
  "newline count ;  
 Create "newline e? crlf [IF] 2 c, $0D c, [ELSE] 1 c, [THEN] $0A c,  
   
 \+os  
   
 utime   ( -- dtime )    gforth  be-w! ( w c_addr -- )   gforth w_store_be
 ""Report the current time in microseconds since some epoch.""  ""Store the bottom 16 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr} in big endian format.""
 struct timeval time1;  c_addr[0] = w >> 8;
 gettimeofday(&time1,NULL);  c_addr[1] = w;
 dtime = timeval2us(&time1);  
   be-l! ( w c_addr -- )   gforth l_store_be
 cputime ( -- duser dsystem ) gforth  ""Store the bottom 32 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr} in big endian format.""
 ""duser and dsystem are the respective user- and system-level CPU  c_addr[0] = w >> 24;
 times used since the start of the Forth system (excluding child  c_addr[1] = w >> 16;
 processes), in microseconds (the granularity may be much larger,  c_addr[2] = w >> 8;
 however).  On platforms without the getrusage call, it reports elapsed  c_addr[3] = w;
 time (since some epoch) for duser and 0 for dsystem.""  
 #ifdef HAVE_GETRUSAGE  le-w! ( w c_addr -- )   gforth w_store_le
 struct rusage usage;  ""Store the bottom 16 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr} in big endian format.""
 getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &usage);  c_addr[1] = w >> 8;
 duser = timeval2us(&usage.ru_utime);  c_addr[0] = w;
 dsystem = timeval2us(&usage.ru_stime);  
 #else  le-l! ( w c_addr -- )   gforth l_store_le
 struct timeval time1;  ""Store the bottom 32 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr} in big endian format.""
 gettimeofday(&time1,NULL);  c_addr[3] = w >> 24;
 duser = timeval2us(&time1);  c_addr[2] = w >> 16;
 #ifndef BUGGY_LONG_LONG  c_addr[1] = w >> 8;
 dsystem = (DCell)0;  c_addr[0] = w;
 #else  
 dsystem=(DCell){0,0};  be-uw@ ( c_addr -- u )  gforth w_fetch_be
 #endif  ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 16-bit big endian value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
   u = (c_addr[0] << 8) | (c_addr[1]);
   
   be-ul@ ( c_addr -- u )  gforth l_fetch_be
   ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 32-bit big endian value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
   u = (c_addr[0] << 24) | (c_addr[1] << 16) | (c_addr[2] << 8) | (c_addr[3]);
   
   le-uw@ ( c_addr -- u )  gforth w_fetch_le
   ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 16-bit little endian value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
   u = (c_addr[1] << 8) | (c_addr[0]);
   
   le-ul@ ( c_addr -- u )  gforth l_fetch_le
   ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 32-bit little endian value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
   u = (c_addr[3] << 24) | (c_addr[2] << 16) | (c_addr[1] << 8) | (c_addr[0]);
   
   \+64bit
   
   x! ( w c_addr -- )      gforth x_store
   ""Store the bottom 64 bits of @i{w} at 64-bit-aligned @i{c_addr}.""
   *(UOctabyte *)c_addr = w;
   
   ux@ ( c_addr -- u )     gforth u_x_fetch
   ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 64-bit value stored at 64-bit-aligned @i{c_addr}.""
   u = *(UOctabyte *)c_addr;
   
   sx@ ( c_addr -- n )     gforth s_x_fetch
   ""@i{u} is the sign-extended 64-bit value stored at 64-bit-aligned @i{c_addr}.""
   n = *(Octabyte *)c_addr;
   
   be-x! ( w c_addr -- )   gforth b_e_x_store
   ""Store the bottom 64 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr} in big endian format.""
   c_addr[0] = w >> 56;
   c_addr[1] = w >> 48;
   c_addr[2] = w >> 40;
   c_addr[3] = w >> 32;
   c_addr[4] = w >> 24;
   c_addr[5] = w >> 16;
   c_addr[6] = w >> 8;
   c_addr[7] = w;
   
   le-x! ( w c_addr -- )   gforth l_e_x_store
   ""Store the bottom 64 bits of @i{w} at @i{c_addr} in big endian format.""
   c_addr[7] = w >> 56;
   c_addr[6] = w >> 48;
   c_addr[5] = w >> 40;
   c_addr[4] = w >> 32;
   c_addr[3] = w >> 24;
   c_addr[2] = w >> 16;
   c_addr[1] = w >> 8;
   c_addr[0] = w;
   
   be-ux@ ( c_addr -- u )  gforth b_e_u_x_fetch
   ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 64-bit big endian value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
   u = (((Cell)(c_addr[0]) << 56) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[1]) << 48) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[2]) << 40) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[3]) << 32) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[4]) << 24) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[5]) << 16) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[6]) << 8) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[7])));
   
   le-ux@ ( c_addr -- u )  gforth l_e_u_x_fetch
   ""@i{u} is the zero-extended 64-bit little endian value stored at @i{c_addr}.""
   u = (((Cell)(c_addr[7]) << 56) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[6]) << 48) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[5]) << 40) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[4]) << 32) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[3]) << 24) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[2]) << 16) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[1]) << 8) |
        ((Cell)(c_addr[0])));
   
   \+
   \+
   \g peephole
   
   \+peephole
   
   compile-prim1 ( a_prim -- ) gforth compile_prim1
   ""compile prim (incl. immargs) at @var{a_prim}""
   compile_prim1(a_prim);
   
   finish-code ( ... -- ... ) gforth finish_code
   ""Perform delayed steps in code generation (branch resolution, I-cache
   flushing).""
   /* The ... above are a workaround for a bug in gcc-2.95, which fails
      to save spTOS (gforth-fast --enable-force-reg) */
   finish_code();
   
   forget-dyncode ( c_code -- f ) gforth-internal forget_dyncode
   f = forget_dyncode(c_code);
   
   decompile-prim ( a_code -- a_prim ) gforth-internal decompile_prim
   ""a_prim is the code address of the primitive that has been
   compile_prim1ed to a_code""
   a_prim = (Cell *)decompile_code((Label)a_code);
   
   \ set-next-code and call2 do not appear in images and can be
   \ renumbered arbitrarily
   
   set-next-code ( #w -- ) gforth set_next_code
   #ifdef NO_IP
   next_code = (Label)w;
   #endif
   
   call2 ( #a_callee #a_ret_addr -- R:a_ret_addr ) gforth
   /* call with explicit return address */
   #ifdef NO_IP
   INST_TAIL;
   JUMP(a_callee);
   #else
   assert(0);
   #endif
   
   tag-offsets ( -- a_addr ) gforth tag_offsets
   extern Cell groups[32];
   a_addr = groups;
   
   \+
   
   \g primitive_centric
   
   \ primitives for primitive-centric code
   \ another one is does-exec
   
   abi-call        ( #a_callee ... -- ... ) gforth-internal abi_call
   /* primitive for compiled ABI-CODE words */
   abifunc *f = (abifunc *)a_callee;
   Float *fp_mem = fp;
   sp = (*f)(sp, &fp_mem);
   fp = fp_mem;
   
   ;abi-code-exec ( #a_cfa ... -- ... ) gforth-internal semi_abi_code_exec
   /* primitive for performing ;ABI-CODE words */
   Float *fp_mem = fp;
   semiabifunc *f = (semiabifunc *)DOES_CODE1(a_cfa);
   Address body = (Address)PFA(a_cfa);
   sp = (*f)(sp, &fp_mem, body);
   fp = fp_mem;
   
   lit-execute     ( #a_addr -- )  new     lit_execute
   /* for ;code and code words; a static superinstruction would be more general, 
      but VM_JUMP is currently not supported there */
   #ifndef NO_IP
   ip=IP;
 #endif  #endif
   SUPER_END;
   VM_JUMP(EXEC1((Xt)a_addr));
   
 \+  
   
 \+floating  \g static_super
   
 v*      ( f_addr1 nstride1 f_addr2 nstride2 ucount -- r ) gforth v_star  ifdef(`STACK_CACHE_FILE',
 ""dot-product: r=v1*v2.  The first element of v1 is at f_addr1, the  `include(peeprules.vmg)')
 next at f_addr1+nstride1 and so on (similar for v2). Both vectors have  
 ucount elements.""  
 for (r=0.; ucount>0; ucount--) {  
   r += *f_addr1 * *f_addr2;  
   f_addr1 = (Float *)(((Address)f_addr1)+nstride1);  
   f_addr2 = (Float *)(((Address)f_addr2)+nstride2);  
 }  
 :  
  >r swap 2swap swap 0e r> 0 ?DO  
      dup f@ over + 2swap dup f@ f* f+ over + 2swap  
  LOOP 2drop 2drop ;   
   
 faxpy   ( ra f_x nstridex f_y nstridey ucount -- )      gforth  \g end
 ""vy=ra*vx+vy""  
 for (; ucount>0; ucount--) {  
   *f_y += ra * *f_x;  
   f_x = (Float *)(((Address)f_x)+nstridex);  
   f_y = (Float *)(((Address)f_y)+nstridey);  
 }  
 :  
  >r swap 2swap swap r> 0 ?DO  
      fdup dup f@ f* over + 2swap dup f@ f+ dup f! over + 2swap  
  LOOP 2drop 2drop fdrop ;  
   
 \+  
   
 \+file  
   
 (read-line)     ( c_addr u1 wfileid -- u2 flag u3 wior )        file    paren_read_line  
 Cell c;  
 flag=-1;  
 u3=0;  
 for(u2=0; u2<u1; u2++)  
 {  
    c = getc((FILE *)wfileid);  
    u3++;  
    if (c=='\n') break;  
    if (c=='\r') {  
      if ((c = getc((FILE *)wfileid))!='\n')  
        ungetc(c,(FILE *)wfileid);  
      else  
        u3++;  
      break;  
    }  
    if (c==EOF) {  
         flag=FLAG(u2!=0);  
         break;  
      }  
    c_addr[u2] = (Char)c;  
 }  
 wior=FILEIO(ferror((FILE *)wfileid));  
   
 \+  
   
 (listlfind)     ( c_addr u longname1 -- longname2 )     new     paren_listlfind  
 for (; longname1 != NULL; longname1 = (struct Longname *)(longname1->next))  
   if ((UCell)LONGNAME_COUNT(longname1)==u &&  
       memcasecmp(c_addr, longname1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)  
     break;  
 longname2=longname1;  
 :  
     BEGIN  dup WHILE  (find-samelen)  dup  WHILE  
         >r 2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp  0=  
         IF  2drop r>  EXIT  THEN  
         r> @  
     REPEAT  THEN  nip nip ;  
 : (find-samelen) ( u longname1 -- u longname2/0 )  
     BEGIN  2dup cell+ c@ $1F and <> WHILE  @  dup 0= UNTIL  THEN ;  
   
 \+hash  
   
 (hashlfind)     ( c_addr u a_addr -- longname2 )        new     paren_hashlfind  
 struct Longname *longname1;  
 longname2=NULL;  
 while(a_addr != NULL)  
 {  
    longname1=(struct Longname *)(a_addr[1]);  
    a_addr=(Cell *)(a_addr[0]);  
    if ((UCell)LONGNAME_COUNT(longname1)==u &&  
        memcasecmp(c_addr, longname1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)  
      {  
         longname2=longname1;  
         break;  
      }  
 }  
 :  
  BEGIN  dup  WHILE  
         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ c@ $1F and =  
         IF  2dup r@ cell+ char+ capscomp 0=  
             IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN  
         rdrop r>  
  REPEAT nip nip ;  
   
 (tablelfind)    ( c_addr u a_addr -- longname2 )        new     paren_tablelfind  
 ""A case-sensitive variant of @code{(hashfind)}""  
 struct Longname *longname1;  
 longname2=NULL;  
 while(a_addr != NULL)  
 {  
    longname1=(struct Longname *)(a_addr[1]);  
    a_addr=(Cell *)(a_addr[0]);  
    if ((UCell)LONGNAME_COUNT(longname1)==u &&  
        memcmp(c_addr, longname1->name, u)== 0 /* or inline? */)  
      {  
         longname2=longname1;  
         break;  
      }  
 }  
 :  
  BEGIN  dup  WHILE  
         2@ >r >r dup r@ cell+ c@ $1F and =  
         IF  2dup r@ cell+ char+ -text 0=  
             IF  2drop r> rdrop  EXIT  THEN  THEN  
         rdrop r>  
  REPEAT nip nip ;  
   
 \+  

Removed from v.1.71  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.261


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