Annotation of gforth/INSTALL, revision 1.25

1.7       anton       1: You need gcc version 2.0 or later to compile gforth.
1.1       anton       2: 
1.5       anton       3: First, type
1.3       anton       4: 
1.8       anton       5: ./configure
1.1       anton       6: 
1.21      anton       7: (see Section Configuration Options below for details).
                      8: 
                      9: After configuration, type
                     10: 
                     11: make
                     12: 
                     13: Now you can check whether your shiny new Forth system works. Say
                     14: 
                     15: make test
                     16: 
                     17: You can run some benchmarks with
                     18: 
                     19: make bench
                     20: 
                     21: and compare them with the results in Benchres and in the manual.
                     22: 
                     23: If everything is all right, you may want to install gforth. Type
                     24: 
                     25: make install
                     26: 
                     27: You have to make an entry in the info directory file manually.
                     28: 
                     29: For paper documentation, print gforth.ps (a Postscript file (300dpi
                     30: fonts, i.e., it works, but does not produce best quality on better
                     31: printers)), or say
                     32: 
                     33: make gforth.dvi
                     34: 
                     35: and print the resulting file gforth.dvi. You can also get the
                     36: documentation in HTML format by typing
                     37: 
                     38: make html
                     39: 
                     40: If you prefer plain ASCII documentation, just concatenate the files
                     41: gforth.info-* ('cat gforth.info-*' under Unix).
                     42: 
                     43: 
                     44:                Configuration Options
                     45: 
1.23      anton      46: If you use GNU make, you can build in a directory different from the
                     47: source directory by changing to the build directory and invoking
                     48: configure thus:
1.21      anton      49: 
                     50: $srcdir/configure
                     51: 
1.23      anton      52: where $srcdir is the source directory. (Note that we tested this only
1.21      anton      53: for installation; i.e., if you want to hack the Gforth sources, you
                     54: should probably build in the source directory).
                     55: 
1.4       pazsan     56: configure has the following useful parameters:
1.9       anton      57:   --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                     58:                           [default: /usr/local]
                     59:   --exec-prefix=PREFIX    install architecture-dependent files in PREFIX
                     60:                           [default: same as prefix]
1.8       anton      61:   --enable-force-reg      Use explicit register declarations if they appear in
                     62:                           the machine.h file. This can cause a good speedup,
                     63:                           but also incorrect code with some gcc versions on
                     64:                           some processors (default disabled).
                     65:   --enable-direct-threaded      Force direct threading. This may not work on
                     66:                                 some machines and may cause slowdown on others.
                     67:                                 (default processor-dependent)
                     68:   --enable-indirect-threaded    Force indirect threading. This can cause a
                     69:                                 slowdown on some machines.
                     70:                                 (default processor-dependent)
                     71:   --with-debug     specifies option -g to compile with debug info (default)
1.22      anton      72:   --without-debug  omits the -g switch and creates smaller images on
                     73:                    machines where strip has problems with gcc style
                     74:                    debugging informations.
1.8       anton      75:   --help: tells you about other parameters.
1.1       anton      76: 
1.21      anton      77: The file Benchres shows which combination of the -enable options we
                     78: tried gave the best results for various machines.
                     79: 
1.9       anton      80: If you don't like the defaults for the installation directories, you
                     81: should override them already during configure.  E.g., if you want to
                     82: install in the /gnu hierarchy instead of in the default /usr/local
1.15      anton      83: hierarchy, say
1.5       anton      84: 
1.9       anton      85: ./configure --prefix=/gnu
1.2       anton      86: 
1.17      anton      87: Moreover, if your GCC is not called gcc (but, e.g., gcc-2.7.1), you
                     88: should say so during configuration. E.g.:
1.16      pazsan     89: 
1.17      anton      90: env CC=gcc-2.7.1 ./configure
1.16      pazsan     91: 
1.17      anton      92: You can also pass additional options to gcc in this way, e.g., if you
                     93: want to generate an a.out executable under Linux with gcc-2.7.0:
1.15      anton      94: 
1.17      anton      95: env "CC=gcc -b i486-linuxaout -V 2.7.0" ./configure
1.15      anton      96: 
1.22      anton      97: You can change the sizes of the various areas used in the default
                     98: image `gforth.fi' by passing the appropriate Gforth command line
                     99: options in the FORTHSIZES environment variable:
                    100: 
                    101: env "FORTHSIZES=--dictionary-size=256k --data-stack-size=16k --fp-stack-size=16k --return-stack-size=16k --locals-stack-size=16k" ./configure
                    102: 
                    103: The line above reaffirms the default sizes. Note that the locals
                    104: stack area is also used as input buffer stack.
1.17      anton     105: 
1.24      anton     106: If C's "long long" do not work properly on your machine (i.e., if the
                    107: tests involving double-cell numbers fail), you can build Gforth such
                    108: that it does not use "long long":
                    109: 
                    110: env ac_cv_sizeof_long_long=0 ./configure
                    111: 
                    112: 
                    113:                        Cross-Configuration
                    114: 
                    115: A few tests made by the configure script do not work in a
                    116: cross-compilation situation. You have to provide the results of these
                    117: tests by hand. E.g., if you compile for a 386 architecture processor:
                    118: 
                    119: env ac_cv_sizeof_char_p=4 ac_cv_sizeof_short=2 ac_cv_sizeof_int=4 ac_cv_sizeof_long=4 ac_cv_sizeof_long_long=8 ac_cv_c_bigendian=no ./configure
                    120: 
                    121: The ac_cv_sizeof_... variables give the sizes of various C types;
                    122: ac_cv_sizeof_char_p is the same as "sizeof(char*)" in C code. The
                    123: ac_cv_c_bigendian variable gives the byte order.
                    124: 
                    125: 
1.17      anton     126:                Preloading installation-specific code
                    127: 
                    128: If you want to have some installation-specific files loaded when
                    129: Gforth starts (e.g., an assembler for your processor), put commands
                    130: for loading them into /usr/local/share/gforth/site-forth/site-init.fs
                    131: (if the commands work for all architectures) or
                    132: /usr/local/lib/gforth/site-forth/site-init.fs (for
                    133: architecture-specific commands);
                    134: /usr/local/lib/gforth/site-forth/site-init.fs takes precedence if both
                    135: files are present (unless you change the search path). The file names
                    136: given above are the defaults; if you have changed the prefix, you have
                    137: to replace "/usr/local" in these names with your prefix.
                    138: 
                    139: By default, the installation procedure creates an empty
                    140: /usr/local/share/gforth/site-forth/site-init.fs if there is no such
                    141: file.
                    142: 
                    143: If you change the site-init.fs file, you should run "make install"
                    144: again for the changes to take effect (Actually, the part of "make
                    145: install" starting with "rm gforth.fi" is sufficient).
                    146: 
                    147: 
1.12      anton     148:                Multiple Versions and Deinstallation
                    149: 
                    150: Several versions of Gforth can be installed and used at the same
                    151: time. Version `foo' can be invoked with `gforth-foo'. We recommend to
                    152: keep the old version for some time after a new one has been installed.
1.10      anton     153: 
1.12      anton     154: You can deinstall this version of Gforth with 'make uninstall' and
                    155: version foo with 'make uninstall VERSION=foo'. 'make uninstall' also
                    156: tells you how to uninstall Gforth completely.
1.17      anton     157: 
1.10      anton     158: 
1.12      anton     159:                        A Possible Problem
1.10      anton     160: 
                    161: You need to read this only if you see a message like
                    162: 
1.19      anton     163: ...
                    164: The Gforth installer should look into the INSTALL file
                    165: 
                    166: 1) "gforth: Cannot load nonrelocatable image (compiled for address $1234) at address $5678
1.10      anton     167: The Gforth installer should look into the INSTALL file"
                    168: 
1.11      anton     169: Gforth supports both relocatable and fixed-address images. If you load
1.10      anton     170: normal Forth code and save the image, you get a fixed-address
                    171: image. Producing a relocatable image is more difficult.
                    172: 
1.11      anton     173: Therefore, Gforth has only a relocatable image of the kernel
1.20      pazsan    174: (kernel.fi), which is powerful enough to load the rest of
1.10      anton     175: Gforth. However, loading the rest takes a noticable amount of time. To
1.11      anton     176: avoid this delay (which would occur on every startup), the
                    177: installation procedure produces an image fixed at an address
                    178: determined at the Gforth run that produced the image. This
                    179: fixed-address image is loaded by default. On most OSs this works,
                    180: because the first chunk of memory is always allocated at the same
                    181: address. If the address changes, you get the message above.
1.10      anton     182: 
                    183: An image address change can be caused by a change of the gforth
                    184: executable, or by a change (upgrade) of the OS; in these cases you
                    185: just have to rebuild and reinstall the fixed address image with
                    186: 
                    187: rm gforth.fi; make gforth.fi; make install
                    188: 
                    189: If you get such a message with a different address in place of the
1.19      anton     190: $5678 each time you try to start gforth, you cannot use fixed-address
1.10      anton     191: images on your OS. In this case, send us a message so that we start
                    192: searching for a comfortable solution to this problem. In the
                    193: meantime, start gforth with
                    194: 
1.20      pazsan    195: gforth -i kernel.fi startup.fs
1.19      anton     196: 
1.25    ! pazsan    197: If the addresses changes by only a small amount (e.g. by one or two
        !           198: pages), you can fix it by defining FUZZ (in config.h) to a number at
        !           199: least two times the changes you observe (0x4000 is a good idea, this
        !           200: is four 4k pages) and recompile. We do this for the DJGPP port for
        !           201: DOS, because the start address there changes by one or two pages, and
        !           202: it helps us to keep the DOS people happy without investing too much
        !           203: work in a braindead environment.
        !           204: 
1.19      anton     205: 
                    206: 2) "%s: Checksum of image ($13579b) does not match the executable ($2468a)
                    207: The Gforth installer should look into the INSTALL file"
                    208: 
                    209: A fixed-address image is not only fixed with respect to its base
                    210: address, but also with respect to certain addresses in the gforth
                    211: executable and the threading method. These things are encoded in a
                    212: checksum.
                    213: 
                    214: If the checksum of the executable and the checksum of the image are
                    215: not equal, you get the message above. This can be caused, e.g., by
                    216: trying to run an image produced for a direct threading system on an
                    217: indirect threaded system.
                    218: 
                    219: Chances are that you unintentionally tried to execute an image from
1.21      anton     220: the wrong directory. As a remedy, you can specify Gforth's search
1.19      anton     221: path with the "-p" command line option and with the GFORTHPATH
                    222: environment variable.
                    223: 
                    224: On the other hand, if you need to solve the problem by creating a new
                    225: fixed-address image, you can use the steps described above.
                    226: 
1.10      anton     227: 

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